Taylor DeMasi, Michelle Tsang, Jenna Mueller, Kristine Giltvedt, Thuy Ngoc Nguyen, Mark Kern, Shirin Hooshmand
{"title":"Prunes May Blunt Adverse Effects of Oral Contraceptives on Bone Health in Young Adult Women: A Randomized Clinical Trial","authors":"Taylor DeMasi, Michelle Tsang, Jenna Mueller, Kristine Giltvedt, Thuy Ngoc Nguyen, Mark Kern, Shirin Hooshmand","doi":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2024.104417","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Oral contraceptives (OCs) may promote bone loss, thereby leading to suboptimal bone health later in life. Research is needed to determine whether dietary interventions can blunt OC-related bone loss; prune consumption, shown to be effective in improving bone density in previous studies, could provide a safe and inexpensive solution.</p></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>The purpose of this study was to determine whether 12 mo of consuming 50 g of prunes daily would prevent bone loss or increase bone accrual in young (18–25 y) OC users.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Ninety women were randomly assigned to a control group not using OCs (non-OC), an OC group not consuming prunes (OC), and an OC group consuming 50 g prunes daily (OC+P) for 12 mo. Bone mineral density (BMD) was measured at baseline and after 12 mo via dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (at all sites) and peripheral quantitative computed tomography (at tibia). Blood samples were collected at baseline and after 6 and 12 mo to assess biomarkers.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>There were no significant differences between groups for dietary intake, physical activity, serum tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-5b, or bone alkaline phosphatase concentrations. Baseline serum C-reactive protein and vitamin D concentrations were higher (<em>P</em> < 0.001) for OC and OC+P groups than those in the non-OC group. Serum parathyroid hormone was higher for non-OC group than OC group at both baseline (<em>P</em> = 0.049) and final (<em>P</em> = 0.032). BMD measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry at all sites did not change among groups. Ultradistal radius BMD increased over time (<em>P</em> < 0.05) within non-OC and OC+P groups. Trabecular density of the distal tibia as measured by peripheral quantitative computed tomography decreased from baseline to 12 mo within the OC group only (<em>P</em> = 0.016).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>OC use tended to promote minor negative effects on bone and consuming prunes tended to provide a potential protective effect on trabecular density of the distal tibia and ultradistal radius.</p><p>This trial was registered at <span><span>www.clinicaltrials.gov</span><svg><path></path></svg></span> as NCT04785131.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":10756,"journal":{"name":"Current Developments in Nutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8000,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2475299124023515/pdfft?md5=0ff8eed1ba1c9ab50b0b713426785e1e&pid=1-s2.0-S2475299124023515-main.pdf","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Current Developments in Nutrition","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2475299124023515","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"NUTRITION & DIETETICS","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Background
Oral contraceptives (OCs) may promote bone loss, thereby leading to suboptimal bone health later in life. Research is needed to determine whether dietary interventions can blunt OC-related bone loss; prune consumption, shown to be effective in improving bone density in previous studies, could provide a safe and inexpensive solution.
Objectives
The purpose of this study was to determine whether 12 mo of consuming 50 g of prunes daily would prevent bone loss or increase bone accrual in young (18–25 y) OC users.
Methods
Ninety women were randomly assigned to a control group not using OCs (non-OC), an OC group not consuming prunes (OC), and an OC group consuming 50 g prunes daily (OC+P) for 12 mo. Bone mineral density (BMD) was measured at baseline and after 12 mo via dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (at all sites) and peripheral quantitative computed tomography (at tibia). Blood samples were collected at baseline and after 6 and 12 mo to assess biomarkers.
Results
There were no significant differences between groups for dietary intake, physical activity, serum tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-5b, or bone alkaline phosphatase concentrations. Baseline serum C-reactive protein and vitamin D concentrations were higher (P < 0.001) for OC and OC+P groups than those in the non-OC group. Serum parathyroid hormone was higher for non-OC group than OC group at both baseline (P = 0.049) and final (P = 0.032). BMD measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry at all sites did not change among groups. Ultradistal radius BMD increased over time (P < 0.05) within non-OC and OC+P groups. Trabecular density of the distal tibia as measured by peripheral quantitative computed tomography decreased from baseline to 12 mo within the OC group only (P = 0.016).
Conclusions
OC use tended to promote minor negative effects on bone and consuming prunes tended to provide a potential protective effect on trabecular density of the distal tibia and ultradistal radius.
This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as NCT04785131.