Current Developments in Nutrition最新文献

{"title":"Infant diet quality index predicts nutrients of concern and ultra-processed food intake in low-income children in the United States","authors":"Alana M Chaney ,&nbsp;Charles D Arnold ,&nbsp;Edward A Frongillo ,&nbsp;Lorrene D Ritchie ,&nbsp;Euridice M Steele ,&nbsp;Lauren E Au","doi":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2024.104483","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2024.104483","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Diet quality during infancy can influence nutrient intake and ultra-processed foods (UPFs) consumption throughout later childhood.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study investigated the predictive validity of Infant Diet Quality Index (IDQI) scores from 0 to 1 y of age and consumption of select nutrients and UPFs at different time points in low-income children aged 2–5 y.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Dietary surveys and 24-h dietary recalls collected between ages 0 and 12 months from 2613 Special Supplemental Women, Infants, and Children Infant Toddler Feeding Practices Study-2 participants were used to assess infant diet quality by final IDQI score ranging from 0 (nonadherence to dietary guidelines) to 1 (complete adherence to guidelines). Single 24-h recalls collected across multiple time points per child aged between 2 and 5 y were used to determine nutrient intakes: vitamin B12 (μg), vitamin D (μg), calcium (mg), iron (mg), zinc (mg), potassium (mg), saturated fat (g), dietary fiber (g), and added sugars (g). Likewise, Nova was used to classify foods (to estimate the percentage of energy from foods) by level of industrial processing at each point in time across ages 2–5 y. Survey-weighted regression analyses estimated associations between total IDQI score and nutrient intake and percentage of energy consumption from each Nova food group at each age between 2–5 y.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>IDQI scores based on diet quality from 0–1 y of age were positively associated with children’s dietary fiber and potassium intake at ages 2–5 y. Additionally, IDQI was negatively associated with added sugar intake. No associations were observed between IDQI and saturated fat consumption. IDQI scores at age 1 were positively associated with the percentage of energy attributed to unprocessed/minimally processed foods (20%–23%) and negatively associated with UPF consumption at ages 2–5 y (−24% to −29%).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>IDQI predicts intake of select nutrients and UPF consumption among low-income US children aged 2–5 y.</div><div>This trial was registered at <span><span>https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT02031978</span><svg><path></path></svg></span> as “Feeding My Baby – A National WIC Study,” NCT02031978.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10756,"journal":{"name":"Current Developments in Nutrition","volume":"8 11","pages":"Article 104483"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142657244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early Formula Supplementation Differs by Maternal Body Mass Index but Does Not Explain Breastfeeding Outcomes in Mothers Who Intend to Exclusively Breastfeed","authors":"Shannon C Conrey ,&nbsp;Laurie Nommsen-Rivers ,&nbsp;Allison R Burrell ,&nbsp;Mary A Staat ,&nbsp;Ardythe L Morrow","doi":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2024.104472","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2024.104472","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Early formula supplementation (EFS, formula on birthdate or day after) is associated with maternal obesity and reduced breastfeeding, but the effect of prenatal breastfeeding intention on these relationships is understudied.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>We evaluated how EFS affected breastfeeding outcomes after controlling for obesity, sociodemographic and health factors.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Multivariable regression modeling, stratified by prenatal breastfeeding intention.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Our findings suggest that EFS may be less disruptive to breastfeeding in mothers with strong intention to meet breastfeeding recommendations, regardless of maternal BMI.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10756,"journal":{"name":"Current Developments in Nutrition","volume":"8 11","pages":"Article 104472"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142657248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary Intake and Diet Quality of Female and Male NCAA Division I Cross Country Runners from a Single University","authors":"David E Barney Jr. ,&nbsp;Susan N Cheung ,&nbsp;Aaron R Harris ,&nbsp;Claire E Berryman ,&nbsp;Stephen R Hennigar","doi":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2024.104475","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2024.104475","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Collegiate student-athletes have unique nutritional requirements to support their athletic performance and health. Few studies have comprehensively characterized the diets of National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I student-athletes.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To characterize dietary intake and diet quality during a competitive season in female and male NCAA Division I cross country student-athletes from a single university.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Females and males (<em>n</em> = 14/sex) from the Florida State University cross country teams completed 9-d of food records across their competitive season. Nutrient intakes were compared to the Dietary Reference Intakes for the United States population [e.g., Recommended Daily Allowances (RDAs)] and athlete-specific guidelines. Diet quality was assessed according to the Dietary Guidelines for Americans (DGAs) using the 2020 Healthy Eating Index (HEI-2020). Total daily energy expenditure was estimated from training records.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Carbohydrate intakes were below athlete guidelines in 43% of females (<em>mean</em> ± <em>SD</em>, 5.67 ± 1.16 g·kg^–1·d^–1) and 29% of males (4.95 ± 1.05, <em>P sex</em> = 0.096). All participants met or exceeded athlete recommendations for protein (2.09 ± 0.425 g·kg^–1·d^–1, 1.92 ± 0.519, <em>P sex</em> = 0.36) and fat (32.8 ± 5.1% kcal, 34.4 ± 3.4%, <em>P sex</em> = 0.36). No participants met the RDA for vitamin D (5.14 ± 1.78 μg/d, 4.91 ± 3.24, <em>P sex</em> = 0.83). Only 79% of females and 36% of males met the RDA for calcium (1220 ± 307 mg/d, 1010 ± 296, <em>P sex</em> = 0.83). Most females (<em>n</em> = 13) and males (<em>n</em> = 11) consumed iron supplements where total intakes exceeded the tolerable upper intake level (110 ± 60.1 mg/d, 66.8 ± 36.3, <em>P sex</em> = 0.029). HEI-2020 indicated poor adherence to the DGAs, with better diet quality in females (65.3 ± 13.7) than males (50.6 ± 10.1, <em>P sex</em> = 0.0034). Participants failed to meet guidelines for all HEI-2020 food group components except total protein foods. Total daily energy expenditure was greater in males and declined across the competitive season (<em>P sex</em> &lt; 0.0001, <em>P time</em> &lt; 0.0001, <em>P sex∗time</em> = 0.25).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>NCAA Division I cross country student-athletes consumed inadequate carbohydrates, calcium, and vitamin D but met or exceeded intake guidelines for protein, fat, and iron. Diet quality was poor; HEI-2020 component scores may indicate food groups to target to improve diet quality and intake of nutrients important to runners.</div><div>This trial was registered at <span><span>clinicaltrials.gov</span><svg><path></path></svg></span> as NCT04079322.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10756,"journal":{"name":"Current Developments in Nutrition","volume":"8 11","pages":"Article 104475"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142657246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maternal Anemia during Pregnancy and Infant Birth Outcomes: A Prospective Cohort Study in Eastern Maharashtra, India","authors":"Jacqueline M Lauer ,&nbsp;Shilpa Bhaise ,&nbsp;Varsha Dhurde ,&nbsp;Abigail Gugel ,&nbsp;Miloni Shah ,&nbsp;Patricia L Hibberd ,&nbsp;Archana Patel ,&nbsp;Lindsey M Locks","doi":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2024.104476","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2024.104476","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Anemia during pregnancy may be associated with poor infant outcomes, although its consequences may vary based on etiology and timing.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>We examined the associations between anemia and anemia-related biomarkers during pregnancy and infant outcomes [birthweight, gestational age at birth, birthweight-for-gestational age percentile, and infant hemoglobin (Hb) at 6 wk of age] in Nagpur, Eastern Maharashtra, India.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a prospective cohort study of 200 pregnant women. In the first trimester, venous blood was collected to assess Hb via cyanmethemoglobin analysis, micronutrient status (ferritin, vitamin B12, and folate), and inflammation (C-reactive protein). Hb was also assessed in capillary samples using a hemoglobinometer in the first and third trimesters for mothers and at 6 wk for infants. Associations were assessed using generalized linear models controlling for background characteristics.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In the first trimester, high (compared with normal) venous Hb was significantly associated with lower gestational age at birth [<em>β</em>: −1.0 wk, 95% confidence interval (CI): −1.9, −0.2] and higher birthweight-for-gestational age percentile (<em>β</em>: 20.1, 95% CI: 9.0, 31.2). Mild anemia, moderate anemia, and high (compared with normal) capillary Hb were significantly associated with lower birthweight (<em>β</em>: −147.7 g, 95% CI: −243.4, −51.7; <em>β</em>: −77.7 g, 95% CI: −123.9, −31.4; and <em>β</em>: −236.0 g, 95% CI: −478.0, −48.1) and birthweight-for-gestational age percentile (<em>β</em>: −7.3, 95% CI: −13.7, −0.9; <em>β</em>: −8.4, 95% CI: −14.1, −2.8; and <em>β</em>: −8.9, 95% CI: −15.9, −1.9). Higher serum ferritin was significantly associated with higher birthweight (<em>β</em>: 2.0 g, 95% CI: 0.1, 3.9) and gestational age at birth (<em>β</em>: 0.01 wk, 95% CI: 0.00, 0.01). In the third trimester, mild anemia was significantly associated with lower gestational age at birth (<em>β</em>: −0.5 wk, 95% CI: −0.7, −0.3).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Associations between maternal anemia during pregnancy and infant outcomes were mixed indicating further studies are needed to better understand these relationships.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10756,"journal":{"name":"Current Developments in Nutrition","volume":"8 11","pages":"Article 104476"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142592696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knowledge, Behavior, and Influencing Factors of Coarse Grain Consumption among Chinese Adults: A Focus Group Study in Xi’an","authors":"Jiawen Xie ,&nbsp;Junqi Li ,&nbsp;Guoqing Ma ,&nbsp;Menghan Wang ,&nbsp;Yunfeng Li ,&nbsp;Yafang He ,&nbsp;Kun Xu ,&nbsp;Tian Tian ,&nbsp;Nan Yang ,&nbsp;Qian Wang ,&nbsp;Jie Chang ,&nbsp;Xin Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2024.104474","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2024.104474","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Coarse grains are rich in fiber, minerals, and other beneficial nutrients but are consumed at low levels in modern populations. The factors that influence coarse grain consumption in current living and dietary environments are not fully understood.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study aimed to explore the knowledge and behavior related to coarse grain consumption and identify the influencing factors among Chinese citizens.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Six focus group discussions were conducted with 39 participants aged 18–65 years from diverse social backgrounds in Xi'an, China. All discussions were transcribed verbatim and analyzed using inductive thematic analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The majority of participants demonstrated insufficient knowledge about coarse grains, including their definitions, health benefits, and recommended intake. A small number of the participants reported regular consumption. The barriers to coarse grain consumption were poor sensory properties, insufficient cooking skills and time, limited availability of ready-to-eat foods, established dietary habits, and high prices. Additionally, new barriers included psychological burden, concerns about food safety, the impact of processing methods on health benefits, and special health conditions. Health benefits and family influence emerged as the 2 primary factors motivating coarse grain consumption. Most participants expressed a positive attitude toward partially replacing staple foods with coarse grains. Enhancing health education, innovating food processing methods, improving labeling systems, and strengthening safety supervision have been recommended for increasing coarse grain consumption.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>A gap exists between health awareness and healthy behaviors regarding coarse grain consumption; thus, collaborative efforts among government agencies, educational institutions, nutrition societies, the food industry, policymakers, and health professionals are essential to overcome these challenges.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10756,"journal":{"name":"Current Developments in Nutrition","volume":"8 11","pages":"Article 104474"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142593167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sculpting Success: The Importance of Diet and Physical Activity to Support Skeletal Muscle Health during Weight Loss with New Generation Anti-Obesity Medications","authors":"Gregory J Grosicki ,&nbsp;Nikhil V Dhurandhar ,&nbsp;Jessica L Unick ,&nbsp;Shawn M Arent ,&nbsp;J Graham Thomas ,&nbsp;Holly Lofton ,&nbsp;Madelyn C Shepherd ,&nbsp;Jessica Kiel ,&nbsp;Christopher Coleman ,&nbsp;Satya S Jonnalagadda","doi":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2024.104486","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2024.104486","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Obesity is a public health crisis, with prevalence rates tripling over the past 60 y. Although lifestyle modifications, such as diet and physical activity, remain the first-line treatments, recent anti-obesity medications (AOMs) have been shown to achieve greater reductions in body weight and fat mass. However, AOMs also reduce fat-free mass, including skeletal muscle, which has been demonstrated to account for 20% to 50% of total weight loss. This can equate to ∼6 kg or 10% of total lean mass after 12–18 mo, a loss comparable to a decade of human aging. Despite questions surrounding the clinical relevance of weight loss-induced muscle loss, the importance of adopting lifestyle behaviors such as eating a protein-rich diet and incorporating regular resistance training to support skeletal muscle health, long-term weight loss maintenance, and overall well-being among AOM users should be encouraged. Herein, we provide a rationale for the clinical significance of minimizing weight-loss-induced lean mass loss and emphasize the integration of diet and physical activity into AOM clinical care. Owing to a lack of published findings on diet and physical activity supporting skeletal muscle health with AOMs, specifically, we lean on findings from large-scale clinical weight loss and diet and exercise trials to draw evidence-based recommendations for strategies to protect skeletal muscle. We conclude by identifying gaps in the literature and emphasizing the need for future experimental research to optimize skeletal muscle and whole-body health through a balance of pharmacotherapy and healthy habits.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10756,"journal":{"name":"Current Developments in Nutrition","volume":"8 11","pages":"Article 104486"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142657249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and User Experience Evaluation of an Experience Sampling-Based Dietary Assessment Method","authors":"Joke Verbeke ,&nbsp;Christophe Matthys","doi":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2024.104479","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2024.104479","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Most technology-based dietary assessment methods use the same methodology as traditional dietary assessment methods resulting in similar limitations and biases. Experience sampling methodology (ESM) is a real-life real-time data-capturing method that is explored as an alternative methodology for dietary assessment to improve feasibility and data accuracy.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This research aimed to develop and evaluate an experience sampling-based dietary assessment method (ESDAM) measuring habitual dietary intake.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Starting from a food frequency questionnaire, experience sampling principles were implemented resulting in a pilot ESDAM. Second, the pilot ESDAM was evaluated for feasibility and convergent validity compared with a 3-d food record. Mean intake with standard deviations was compared between the pilot ESDAM, food record (FR), and food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), and Spearman correlation coefficients (SCCs) were calculated. Third, following a literature review and expert opinion, the questions and design of the pilot ESDAM were further adapted to ESM and implemented in an experience sampling survey application. The resulting prototype ESDAM underwent 2 rounds of user experience (UX) evaluation in which 10 persons tested ESDAM for 1 wk followed by a structured evaluation interview.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The pilot ESDAM, FR, and FFQ were completed by 27 participants and the evaluation questionnaire by 78 participants. Mean energy intake by the FFQ, pilot ESDAM, and FR was 1272.2 ± 308.9 kcal/d, 1592.3 ± 358.9 kcal/d, and 1664.6 ± 257.8 kcal, respectively. The evaluation revealed the limited time window (19:00–23:00) to respond was inconvenient, good acceptability, and ease of use of the pilot ESDAM. The UX evaluation study revealed overall good acceptability, ease of use, and low burden of the different prototypes of ESDAM.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>ESM could advance the field beyond traditional methodologies and improve feasibility. ESDAM is unique in assessing dietary intake quantitatively through ESM. Additional assessment of validity might shed light on the data accuracy of ESDAM.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10756,"journal":{"name":"Current Developments in Nutrition","volume":"8 11","pages":"Article 104479"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142657247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabolites Link Intake of a Healthy Diet to Better Insulin and Glucose Homeostasis in the Microbiome and Insulin Longitudinal Evaluation Study (MILES)","authors":"Alexis C Wood ,&nbsp;Danielle J Lee ,&nbsp;Patricia A Sheridan ,&nbsp;Elizabeth T Jensen ,&nbsp;Gautam Ramesh ,&nbsp;Alain G Bertoni ,&nbsp;Stephen S Rich ,&nbsp;Yii-Der I Chen ,&nbsp;David M Herrington ,&nbsp;Jerome I Rotter ,&nbsp;Mark O Goodarzi","doi":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2024.104462","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2024.104462","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Dietary quality has been linked to better glycemic control, but the precise molecular mechanisms giving rise to these associations are not fully understood.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To examine the association of metabolites associated with the intake of a healthy diet with measures of insulin/glucose homeostasis.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Using cross-sectional data from 295 United States adults, the associations between 3 diet pattern scores and metabolome-wide metabolites were estimated via linear regression models, which controlled for demographic factors and health behaviors. Subsequently, the associations between the diet-related metabolites with 6 measures of glucose/insulin homeostasis were examined in similar models. A Bonferroni correction was applied to control the family-wise error rate at 5%.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Fifty-five metabolites were significantly associated with ≥1 diet score (all <em>P</em> &lt; 1.7∗10^–5). When these were summed into each of the 3 diet-specific metabolite summary scores, all 3 aggregate measures showed strong associations with 5 out of 6 measures of glucose/insulin homeostasis (<em>P</em> = 9.7∗10^–5–4.1∗10^–13).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Adherence to a priori-defined “healthy diet” is associated with the plasma metabolites that, in turn, are associated with better glycemia. If the associations between replicated in future studies and examined using large-scale longitudinal data, the identified molecules could yield insights into mechanisms by which diet may support glucose and insulin homeostasis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10756,"journal":{"name":"Current Developments in Nutrition","volume":"8 11","pages":"Article 104462"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142657245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dairy Intake in Relation to Prediabetes and Continuous Glycemic Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies","authors":"Isabel AL Slurink ,&nbsp;Yakima D Vogtschmidt ,&nbsp;Bo Brummel ,&nbsp;Tom Smeets ,&nbsp;Nina Kupper ,&nbsp;Sabita S Soedamah-Muthu","doi":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2024.104470","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2024.104470","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Modest inverse associations have been found between dairy intake, particularly yogurt, and type 2 diabetes risk. Investigating associations of dairy intake with early onset of type 2 diabetes offers opportunities for effective prevention of this condition.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study aims to investigate the relationships between the intake of different dairy types, prediabetes risk, and continuous glycemic outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Systematic literature searches across multiple databases were performed of studies published up to September 2023. Included were prospective cohort studies in healthy adults that examined the association between dairy intake and prediabetes risk according to diagnostic criteria, or continuous glycemic markers. A dose-response random-effects meta-analysis was used to derive incremental relative risks (RRs) for associations of total dairy, fermented dairy, milk, yogurt, cheese (all total, high-fat, and low-fat), cream, and ice cream with prediabetes risk adjusted for sociodemographic, health and cardiometabolic risk factors, and dietary characteristics.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The meta-analyses encompassed 6653 prediabetes cases among 95,844 individuals (age range 45.5–65.5 y) including 6 articles describing 9 cohorts. A quadratic inverse association was observed for total dairy intake and prediabetes risk, with the lowest risk at 3.4 servings/d (RR: 0.75; 95% confidence interval: 0.60, 0.93; <em>I</em>² = 18%). Similarly, total, and high-fat cheese exhibited nonlinear inverse associations with prediabetes risk, showing the lowest risk at 2.1 servings/d (0.86; 0.78, 0.94; <em>I</em>² = 0%, and 0.90; 0.81, 0.99; <em>I</em>² = 12%), but a higher risk at intakes exceeding 4 servings/d. Ice cream intake was linearly associated with prediabetes risk (0.85; 0.73, 0.99; <em>I</em>² = 0% at the highest median intake of 0.23 servings/d). Other dairy types showed no statistically significant associations. The systematic review on dairy intake and glycemic outcomes showed considerable variabilities in design and results.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The findings suggest an inverse association between moderate dairy and cheese intake in preventing prediabetes. The potential for reverse causation and residual confounding highlights the need for studies with comprehensive repeated measurements.</div></div><div><h3>Trial registration number</h3><div>PROSPERO 2023 CRD42023431251.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10756,"journal":{"name":"Current Developments in Nutrition","volume":"8 11","pages":"Article 104470"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142578406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enabling Transformation of Food Systems: Some Issue to Address","authors":"Eileen Kennedy ,&nbsp;Rosemary Green","doi":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2024.104463","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2024.104463","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10756,"journal":{"name":"Current Developments in Nutrition","volume":"8 11","pages":"Article 104463"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142657350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}