Current Developments in Nutrition最新文献

{"title":"Combined Effects of Postactivation Performance Enhancement and Caffeine Intake on Explosive and Anaerobic Power in Recreationally Active Males","authors":"Nazila Heydari,&nbsp;Mahsa Shojaee,&nbsp;Javad Nemati,&nbsp;Ahmad Reza Dehghani,&nbsp;Alireza Niknam,&nbsp;Fereshte Eftekhari,&nbsp;Mohammad Hemmatinafar","doi":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107437","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107437","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Both post-activation performance enhancement (PAPE) and caffeine (CAF) are known to acutely improve physical performance. However, their combined effects on multiple performance outcomes in recreationally active individuals remain underexplored.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study explores the combined effects of PAPE and caffeine CAF supplementation on explosive power, sprint performance, and anaerobic capacity in recreationally active men.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In a double-blind, crossover design, 20 participants completed 4 sessions with distinct interventions: placebo (PLA) with usual warm-up (No-PAPE + PLA), PAPE + PLA, CAF without PAPE (No-PAPE + CAF), and PAPE + CAF. After CAF (6 mg CAF/kg body mass) or PLA ingestion, participants performed warm-ups. They underwent physical tests, including vertical jump height (VJH), standing long jump (SLJ), 40-yard dash, and the running-based anaerobic sprint test (RAST). Data were analyzed using 1- and 2-way repeated measures analysis of variance and Bonferroni post hoc tests (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05 considered significant).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The PAPE + CAF condition yielded significant improvements in VJH compared with other conditions (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.01), although the 40-yard dash times improved significantly in No-PAPE + CAF, PAPE + PLA, and PAPE + CAF conditions compared with PLA (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001). VJH also showed significant gains in PAPE + CAF compared with PAPE + PLA and No-PAPE + CAF (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.01). Additionally, PAPE + CAF, PAPE + PLA, and No-PAPE + CAF produced notable increases in RAST metrics, including peak power, average power, minimum power, total time, and anaerobic capacity compared with No-PAPE + PLA (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001), although fatigue index differences remained nonsignificant. No significant effects were found in SLJ (<em>P</em> &gt; 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>These findings highlight a synergistic effect between PAPE and CAF in enhancing short-term explosive performance, offering practical strategies for optimizing high-intensity activities in recreationally active individuals.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10756,"journal":{"name":"Current Developments in Nutrition","volume":"9 5","pages":"Article 107437"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143867666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Indonesian Adolescents’ Perceptions of Front-of-Package Labels on Packaged Food and Drinks","authors":"Wendy Gonzalez ,&nbsp;Eny Kurnia Sari ,&nbsp;Aang Sutrisna ,&nbsp;Zineb Félix ,&nbsp;Nabila Ernada ,&nbsp;Adhika D Dibyareswati ,&nbsp;Lindsey Smith Taillie","doi":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.104586","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.104586","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Unhealthy snacking among Indonesian adolescents is common and contributes to rising rates of overweight and obesity. With the growing availability and marketing of ultraprocessed snacks, front-of-package labels (FOPLs) have emerged as a promising tool to help adolescents make healthier snack purchases.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study aims to explore Indonesian adolescents’ drivers of snack purchase, perceptions of different FOPLs, and views on design features that could influence the impact of FOPLs.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We employed a mixed-method design, incorporating both focus group discussions (FDGs) and an online survey. Eight FDGs were conducted with 46 participants aged 12–18, of different socioeconomic status from Jakarta metropolitan areas. Three FOPLs, a warning label, traffic light label (TLL), and “healthier choice” label, were tested both independently and as part of snack packages. The Pan American Health Organization nutrient profile and the UK nutrient profile were used for the warning label and TLL, respectively. Participants completed a demographics questionnaire, then an online assessment and discussion that encompassed food purchasing decisions, reactions to each of the FOPLs, comparison of FOPLs, and comparing alternative label designs for each FOPL type. Thematic analysis and the Likert scale were used for quantitative and qualitative analysis, respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Although adolescents preferred the TLL, finding them informative, attractive, and believable, the information conveyed by the TLL was not well understood, particularly by participants with low socioeconomic status. In contrast, although warning labels were less well-liked, they were better understood, grabbed their attention, and were perceived as most likely to discourage them from buying unhealthy foods. The healthier choice label was perceived as least likely to discourage purchases of unhealthy foods.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Although TLLs are best liked among Indonesian adolescents, warning labels are perceived as most likely to help adolescents identify unhealthy foods and discourage their purchases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10756,"journal":{"name":"Current Developments in Nutrition","volume":"9 4","pages":"Article 104586"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143825532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research Priorities for Drivers of Food Choice for Food System Transformation in South Asia: Proceedings of a Collaborative Workshop","authors":"Christine E Blake ,&nbsp;Sunny S Kim ,&nbsp;Edward A Frongillo ,&nbsp;Purnima Menon","doi":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.104582","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.104582","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Agrifood systems in South Asia are highly productive, but substantial challenges including poverty, climate change, and environmental degradation complicate progress toward achieving sustainable healthy diets for all. The dynamics of food systems and the consequence of their rapid transformation for food choice behaviors that contribute to healthy and unhealthy diets are not well understood. Food choice is defined as a decision-making process through which individuals and households consider, acquire, prepare, distribute, and consume foods and beverages. Understanding drivers of food choice (DFC) is important for achieving sustainable healthy diets, but evidence is lacking. This article outlines collectively derived priorities for future research on DFC in South Asia. A collaborative workshop was convened in March 2023 in Dhaka, Bangladesh, with experts from the region. The workshop emphasized the application of a science of food choice framework to guide identification of priorities for research on DFC in South Asia. Priorities were derived through an interdisciplinary collaborative process to clarify what is known and not known about DFC in the context of Food Systems Transformation in the region with emphasis on a continuum of food choice behaviors (production, acquisition, preparation, distribution, and consumption). Workshop participants identified the following 3 main priorities for future research on DFC that address knowledge gaps that emerged from discussions: <em>1</em>) intrahousehold dynamics and behaviors, <em>2</em>) adolescent food choice, and <em>3</em>) market and food acquisition linkages. Specific research needs to emphasize the importance of multigenerational data, food allocation, perceptions on food safety, adolescent food choice behaviors, and the need for longitudinal data on linkages between market availability and food choice behaviors. Building a body of evidence on DFC and tools for monitoring and assessing food choice behaviors is essential for designing effective policies and programs that allow all individuals to have healthy and sustainable diets in South Asia.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10756,"journal":{"name":"Current Developments in Nutrition","volume":"9 4","pages":"Article 104582"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143767555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Mediterranean-Style Diet with Lean Beef Lowers Blood Pressure and Improves Vascular Function: Secondary Outcomes from a Randomized Crossover Trial","authors":"Jennifer A Fleming ,&nbsp;Kristina S Petersen ,&nbsp;Penny M Kris-Etherton ,&nbsp;David J Baer","doi":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.104573","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.104573","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The Mediterranean (MED) dietary pattern improves cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors. Increased central systolic blood pressure and arterial stiffness are independent predictors of CVD. The effect of a MED diet on these measures of vascular health has not been investigated.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>The aim was to evaluate the effects of a MED diet incorporating 0.5 oz./d (MED0.5), 2.5 oz./d (MED2.5) and 5.5 oz./d (MED5.5) of lean beef compared with an Average American diet (AAD) on vascular health [brachial and central blood pressure, pulse wave velocity (PWV), and augmentation index].</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A multicenter, 4-period randomized, crossover, controlled-feeding study was conducted at Penn State University and USDA, Beltsville. In random sequence order, participants consumed each test diet for 4 wk. Vascular outcomes were assessed at baseline and the end of each diet period. Linear mixed models were used for analyses.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Between-diet differences were observed for peripheral and central blood pressure as well as PWV (<em>P &lt;</em> 0.05). PWV was lower following MED0.5 [−0.24 m/s; 95% confidence interval (CI): −0.44, −0.04] and MED2.5 (−0.27 m/s; 95% CI: −0.47, −0.07) compared with the AAD; PWV was nominally lower after the MED5.5 compared with the AAD (−0.20 m/s; 95% CI: −0.40, 0.003; <em>P</em> = 0.055). Central systolic blood pressure was lower following the MED0.5 (−3.24 mmHg; 95% CI: −5.22, −1.27) and MED2.5 (−2.93 mmHg; 95% CI: −4.91, −0.96) compared with the AAD. A similar pattern was observed for central diastolic pressure. Brachial systolic and diastolic pressure were lower following all 3 MED diets compared with the AAD (<em>P &lt;</em> 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Compared with an AAD, MED diets containing 0.5 and 2.5 oz./d of lean beef improved brachial and central systolic and diastolic blood pressure and arterial stiffness. Our findings suggest that a MED diet with ≤5.5 oz./d of lean beef does not adversely affect vascular function.</div><div>This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02723617.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10756,"journal":{"name":"Current Developments in Nutrition","volume":"9 4","pages":"Article 104573"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143746692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Iron Fortification and Inulin Supplementation in Early Infancy: Evaluating the Impact on Gut Microbiome in a Piglet Model","authors":"Jungjae Park ,&nbsp;Cynthia Jinno ,&nbsp;Saumya Wickramasinghe ,&nbsp;David A Mills ,&nbsp;Yanhong Liu ,&nbsp;Bo L Lönnerdal ,&nbsp;Peng Ji","doi":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.104587","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.104587","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Prophylactic iron fortification in infant formula effectively prevents iron deficiency anemia. However, the low absorption rate results in excess unabsorbed iron accumulates in colon, where it has been linked to harmful microbiota changes and increased diarrheal incidence. Prebiotic oligosaccharides have shown promise in mitigating these adverse effects, but the role of inulin or synbiotic supplementation with inulin-fermenting lactic acid bacteria in modulating early gut microbiome under iron fortification remains understudied.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study used a neonatal pig model to investigate the effects of iron fortification and inulin supplementation, with or without <em>Ligilactobacillus agilis</em> YZ050 (<em>L. agilis</em>), on gut microbiome.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Twenty-four piglets were stratified and randomly assigned into 1 of the 4 dietary treatments from postnatal day (PD) 2: iron-adequate milk (AI), high-iron milk (HI), high-iron milk with 5% inulin (HIP), or HIP milk with oral gavage of <em>L</em><em>.</em> <em>agilis</em> every third day (HIS). Piglets were individually housed and fed milk in proportion to body weight in 14 meals daily, simulating formula feeding in infants. Fecal and colonic microbiome were analyzed via 16S rRNA sequencing, with microbial diversity and relative abundance analyzed using QIIME2 and R.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Iron fortification, regardless of inulin supplementation, decreased α-diversity compared with AI. β-Diversity showed clustering of HIP and HIS samples, which were distinct from AI and HI. Although iron fortification had minor impact on microbial composition, inulin supplementation significantly modified microbiome diversity, increasing <em>Prevotella</em>, <em>Megasphaera</em>, and <em>Lachnospiraceae</em>_NK3A20_group species, while reducing <em>Bacteroides</em> and <em>Ruminococcus</em>. Colonic microbiome shifted from <em>Bacteroides</em>-dominant enterotype in AI and HI groups to <em>Prevotella</em>-dominant enterotype in HIP and HIS groups, indicating enhanced fiber degrading capacity. Despite its inulin-fermenting property, <em>L</em><em>.</em> <em>agilis</em> showed limited colonization and minimal microbiome impact.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Inulin supplementation significantly influenced gut microbiome, shifting enterotype from <em>Bacteroides</em> to <em>Prevotella</em>. dominance and overriding the effect of high-iron fortification in a milk-fed piglet model.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10756,"journal":{"name":"Current Developments in Nutrition","volume":"9 4","pages":"Article 104587"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143767549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Senegal’s Iodine Puzzle: Iodine Status, Salt Iodization, and Dietary Iodine Sources","authors":"Rita Wegmüller ,&nbsp;Maguette F Beye ,&nbsp;Ndeye F Ndiaye ,&nbsp;Volkan Cakir ,&nbsp;Ndèye Yaga Sy ,&nbsp;Sitor P Ndoure ,&nbsp;Maty D Camara ,&nbsp;Malick Anne ,&nbsp;Nafissatou B Lo ,&nbsp;Jessica Rigutto ,&nbsp;Germana H Leyna ,&nbsp;Amid Abdelnour ,&nbsp;Fabian Rohner ,&nbsp;Nicolai Petry ,&nbsp;James P Wirth ,&nbsp;Valeria Galetti","doi":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.106008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.106008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Iodine is vital for human health, and its deficiency is linked to severe disorders. Although salt iodization is practiced in Senegal, evidence shows declining household iodized salt coverage.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This survey assessed iodine status in nonpregnant females and examined dietary sources contributing to their iodine intake.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This cross-sectional survey was conducted in 2023 and was nationally representative. Using stratified sampling, data were collected from 866 households and from 657 nonpregnant females aged 15–49 y. Median urinary iodine concentration (UIC), urinary sodium concentration, and household salt iodine concentration were analyzed, with the apportioning of iodine sources through statistical methods to estimate iodine intake from native dietary sources, iodized salt in processed foods, and iodized household salt.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Iodine sufficiency was observed with a median UIC of 252 <em>μ</em>g/L, yet regional disparities exist, with some areas showing more than adequate iodine concentrations. Coverage with adequately iodized salt was low (19%), with higher availability in urban areas. Females in urban areas showed higher UICs than those in rural areas, which might be related to a higher contribution from adequately iodized salt. Processed foods, including bouillon, contributed about half to iodine intake, with household salt accounting for only a small portion (9% in urban and 5% in rural areas).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Despite low iodized salt coverage at the household level, nonpregnant Senegalese females have adequate iodine intake due to iodine in processed foods. Effective monitoring of iodized salt used for processed foods is essential to mitigate potential excess intake whereas ensuring continued iodine sufficiency in all population groups.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10756,"journal":{"name":"Current Developments in Nutrition","volume":"9 5","pages":"Article 106008"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143873339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Drivers of Food Decision Making and Aspirations for the Future of the School Food Environment among Junior High School Students in Cape Coast, Ghana: a Photovoice Study","authors":"Elise C Reynolds ,&nbsp;Christiana Nsiah-Asamoah ,&nbsp;Harriet Okronipa ,&nbsp;Nicholas F Russell ,&nbsp;Madina Habib ,&nbsp;Christine P Stewart","doi":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.106009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.106009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Food decision making is a complex and dynamic process that influences diet and ultimately health. Adolescents consider many different food environment-level factors when making decisions about food. These factors may vary by context. Adolescents attending junior high school (JHS) in Ghana frequently interact with their school food environments because they do not have access to a national school meal program.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>The objective of this study was to understand the factors that influence adolescent food-related decisions and how adolescents interact with their school food environments from their own perspectives. Secondarily, we sought to elicit adolescent ideas for the future of their school food environment.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Forty adolescents were purposively selected equally across 4 JHSs in Cape Coast, Ghana. We used Photovoice to elicit photographs and ideas across 5 workshops with each school. Adolescents were provided with digital cameras and weekly photography prompts followed by semistructured group discussions each week. We thematically analyzed photographs and discussions with input from the adolescents. Adolescents presented their findings to local stakeholders through a photograph exhibition at the end of the study.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Adolescents reported factors influencing their food decisions at the policy, environmental, interpersonal, and individual levels, mirroring the socioecological model. These factors included school policies (30 coded references), food hygiene and safety (374), food availability (83), relationships with vendors (62), peer influence (36), nutritional value (42), taste (41), satiety (25), appearance (30), and affordability (160), with hygiene, safety, and affordability being most frequently mentioned. Adolescents wanted to be involved in decisions around their school food environments.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Adolescent food decision making in this context is often driven by food hygiene and safety and affordability. Supporting adolescent autonomy for food-related decisions and including them in decision making to change school food environments could empower adolescents in their food decisions and improve school food environments to match with adolescents’ needs and desires.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10756,"journal":{"name":"Current Developments in Nutrition","volume":"9 5","pages":"Article 106009"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143844487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Association Between an Individual’s Local Food Environment and Diet Quality among Postpartum Women Living in Rural Bangladesh","authors":"Alexandra L Bellows ,&nbsp;Andrew Thorne-Lyman ,&nbsp;Saijuddin Shaikh ,&nbsp;Md Tanvir Islam ,&nbsp;Shahnaj Parvin ,&nbsp;Rezwanul Haque ,&nbsp;Monica M Pasqualino ,&nbsp;Frank Curriero ,&nbsp;Hasmot Ali ,&nbsp;Alain B Labrique ,&nbsp;Md Iqbal Hossain ,&nbsp;Amanda C Palmer","doi":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.106011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.106011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The food environment is a driver of the double burden of malnutrition, influencing dietary intake by increasing or restricting access to foods.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>The objective of this study was to assess the association between geospatial food environment indicators and the diet quality among postpartum women in rural Bangladesh.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Participants were women of infants enrolled in a cluster-randomized controlled trial from 2018 to 2020. Food vendor availability was defined as the number of food vendors within a specific household radius, and proximity was defined as the distance to the nearest vendor. Dietary intake was measured using a 7-d food frequency questionnaire collected at 3 mo, 6 mo, and 12 mo postpartum. Our primary outcome was nonstarchy staple food variety scores (FVS). Secondary outcomes included dietary diversity scores and individual food group consumption. To assess the association between food environment indicators and diet quality indicators, we fit linear regression models for the FVS outcome, Poisson regression models for the dietary diversity outcome, and logistic regression models for individual food group outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 5064 women were included in this analysis. Women reported consuming an average of 9.7 (standard deviation: 3.7) nonstarchy staple foods in the previous week. Women who lived in households with the highest market availability (≥7 markets within 1600 m) had an average of 0.84-unit (95% confidence interval: 0.53, 1.16) higher FVS compared with those in households with the lowest market availability (≤ 2 markets) (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001). Geospatial food environment indicators were not significantly associated with the odds of consuming less healthy food options.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>We found a positive relationship between market availability and diet quality for postpartum women in rural Bangladesh. However, more research is needed to understand which components of the food environment are associated with increased consumption of less healthy foods.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10756,"journal":{"name":"Current Developments in Nutrition","volume":"9 5","pages":"Article 106011"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143851636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polyphenol-Rich Snack Consumption during Endurance Exercise Training Improves Nitric Oxide Bioavailability but does not Improve Exercise Performance in Male Cyclists: A Randomised Controlled Trial","authors":"Noah Marc Adrian d’Unienville ,&nbsp;Alison M Coates ,&nbsp;Alison M Hill ,&nbsp;Maximillian J Nelson ,&nbsp;Kevin Croft ,&nbsp;Catherine Yandell ,&nbsp;Jonathan D Buckley","doi":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.106006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.106006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Antioxidants and nitric oxide (NO) precursors may improve endurance exercise performance by reducing oxidative stress and increasing NO production. Almonds, dried grapes, and cranberries (AGC) are good sources of antioxidants and NO precursors.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To determine whether AGC consumption improved physiological responses and endurance cycling time-trial performance in response to training.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>After 1 wk of light training (LT), 96 male recreationally trained cyclists consumed 125 g of AGC or control (CON: isocaloric oat bar) daily during 2 wk of heavy training (HT) and a 2-wk taper (T). At the end of LT, HT, and T, endurance exercise performance (5-min cycling time-trial; 5CTT), NO bioavailability (plasma and urine nitrate and nitrite), oxidative stress [plasma F2-isoprostanes (F₂-Isop)], muscle damage (creatine kinase) and subjective measures of wellbeing were assessed, as well as physiological responses during exercise at 70% maximal aerobic power output.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Compared to LT, 5CTT performance was impaired at HT (<em>d</em> = –0.27, <em>P</em> = 0.01) and improved at T (<em>d</em> = 0.79, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001), with no difference between treatments (<em>P</em> &gt; 0.81). Compared with CON, during submaximal exercise at 70%, maximal aerobic power output AGC demonstrated higher oxygen consumption (HT: <em>d</em> = 0.46; T: <em>d</em> = 0.38, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001) and lower respiratory exchange ratio (HT: <em>d</em> = –0.61; T: <em>d</em> = –0.23, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.032). At HT, urine F₂-Isop was higher compared with LT (<em>d</em> = 0.21, <em>P</em> = 0.036), but plasma F₂-Isop was lower (<em>d</em> = –0.22, <em>P</em> = 0.008<em>)</em>, with no difference between treatments. At HT, AGC had higher subjective energy concentrations (<em>d</em> = 0.21, <em>P</em> = 0.02) and urinary nitrite (<em>d</em> = 0.23, <em>P</em> = 0.03) compared with CON and higher creatine kinase (<em>d</em> = 0.24, <em>P</em> = 0.02) and less fatigue (<em>d</em> = –0.20; <em>P</em> = 0.05) at T.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Although not beneficial for 5CTT performance or exercise efficiency, AGC increases fat oxidation during exercise, NO bioavailability, and subjective energy concentrations, which may confer benefits for health and wellbeing.</div><div>This trial was registered at <span><span>www.anzctr.org.au</span><svg><path></path></svg></span> as ACTRN12618000360213.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10756,"journal":{"name":"Current Developments in Nutrition","volume":"9 5","pages":"Article 106006"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143851635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of Resting Metabolic Rate Ratio as a Relative Energy Deficiency in Sports Indicator in Female Athletes","authors":"Jessica L Garay ,&nbsp;Julia Galindo Sebe ,&nbsp;Jenna Strickland ,&nbsp;Lindsey Graves ,&nbsp;Margaret A Voss","doi":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.106007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.106007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Female athletes are at risk of relative energy deficiency in sport (REDs) if energy intake is insufficient relative to demand. REDs is commonly identified via low energy availability (EA), which is determined by measuring dietary intake, exercise energy expenditure, and lean body mass. Due to inconsistent methods to measure each component of EA, the use of resting metabolic rate (RMR) ratio is proposed as an alternate method to identify REDs.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>The purpose of this study was to identify REDs prevalence among a sample of physically active college-aged females using RMR ratio and correlate this with EA.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Females (18–24 y) who were members of a NCAA division 1 athletics team or highly physically active (greater than 4 d/wk) participated in the study. Body composition was measured using air displacement plethysmography. RMR was measured using indirect calorimetry. Participants reported dietary intake via a 24-h recall for 1–3 d. EA was calculated using an averaged activity factor of 1.67 to determine exercise energy expenditure. RMR was calculated using standard equations (Harris–Benedict, Owen, and Cunningham).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 77 physically active female college students participated, including 53 NCAA division 1 athletes. Mean EA was 24.5 ± 12.8 kcal/kg fat-free mass/d and 63% of participants met criteria for low EA (&lt;30 kcal/kg fat-free mass/d). Mean RMR ratio was 1.08 ± 0.16, with 19% of the sample having low RMR ratio (below 0.9). Overall, 14% of participants had both low EA and low RMR ratio. There were no differences in EA or RMR ratio between the collegiate athlete and recreational athlete groups.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Physically active female college students, including collegiate athletes, exhibited suboptimal EA. Low RMR ratio appeared to be a more sensitive indicator of REDs risk than low EA.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10756,"journal":{"name":"Current Developments in Nutrition","volume":"9 5","pages":"Article 106007"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143867691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}