Current Developments in Nutrition最新文献

{"title":"Validity of the Diet Quality Questionnaire Compared with Observed Intake for Estimating Population-Level Diet Quality in Rwandan Adults","authors":"Betül TM Uyar ,&nbsp;Inge D Brouwer ,&nbsp;Anna W Herforth ,&nbsp;Rhys Manners ,&nbsp;Maria Giovanna Delfine ,&nbsp;Rosil Hesen ,&nbsp;Karin J Borgonjen-van den Berg ,&nbsp;Edith JM Feskens ,&nbsp;Elise F Talsma","doi":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107628","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107628","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The diet quality questionnaire (DQQ) is a standardized low-burden tool for collecting data on minimum dietary diversity for women (MDD-W) and other population-level diet quality indicators related to risk of noncommunicable disease (NCD). Although 24-h recalls (24hRs) are often used for evaluating validity of DQQ, they may underestimate consumption of specific food groups. Therefore, comparison with observed weighed food records (OWFR), can provide a more accurate assessment of DQQ criterion validity.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The aim of this study is to evaluate criterion validity of DQQ for estimating population-level diet quality using OWFR and 24hR as reference methods.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Cross-sectional data were collected among 281 Rwandan adults (Musanze district), using OWFR, DQQ, and 24hR on the same day. Diet quality indicators derived from each method were compared using parametric and nonparametric methods and the method of triads, which calculates pairwise validity coefficients to evaluate accuracy (low: &lt;0.30; moderate: 0.30–0.70; high &gt;0.70).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Mean percent agreement in food group consumption data was high: 93% (DQQ-OWFR; DQQ-24hR). Compared with OWFR, DQQ overestimated MDD-W-prevalence [DQQ: 46.0% compared with OWFR: 40.4%; +6 percentage points (pp), <em>P</em> &gt; 0.05], whereas using 24hR, the MDD-W-prevalence was 29.8% (16.2 pp &lt; DQQ, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.05, and 10.6 pp &lt; OWFR, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Compared with OWFR, mean scores of food group diversity score (FGDS) and NCD-Protect were 0.2 (ns) and 0.2 (<em>P</em> = 0.01) points higher by DQQ, respectively, and 0.4 (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001) points higher by DQQ compared with 24hR. NCD-Risk median scores were 0 across methods. For DQQ, validity coefficients were 0.70 (FGDS), 0.67 (NCD-Protect), and 0.66 (NCD-Risk), compared with 0.93, 0.89, and 0.59 for OWFR, respectively, and 0.84, 0.83, and 0.98 for 24hR, respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The DQQ showed high agreement with OWFR and 24hR for collecting population-level food group consumption data, and slight overestimations of diet quality indicator scores compared with observed intakes. DQQ is a valid and practical method for collecting population-level food group consumption data and estimating diet quality.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10756,"journal":{"name":"Current Developments in Nutrition","volume":"10 2","pages":"Article 107628"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146075383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vitamin D Supplementation for Steatotic Liver Disease: an Updated Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-analysis of Randomized and Nonrandomized Interventional Studies","authors":"Ehsaneh Taheri ,&nbsp;Shirin Esmaeili ,&nbsp;Fatemeh Jodeiri ,&nbsp;Nastaran Babajani ,&nbsp;Erfan Shahir-Roudi ,&nbsp;Armita Mahdavi-Gorabi ,&nbsp;Zahra Nouri Ghonbalani ,&nbsp;Kiavash Semnani ,&nbsp;Mostafa Qorbani","doi":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107631","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107631","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is among the leading causes of chronic liver disease, with few approved treatment options. Vitamin D supplementation has been proposed as a safe and efficacious supplement intervention for MASLD. The current study aimed to systematically evaluate the effect of vitamin D supplementation in any preparation on hepatic (histological, radiological, and biomarker) and metabolic parameters (glucose regulation, lipid profile, and indices of obesity) in patients diagnosed with steatotic liver disease. These effects were compared with patient baseline and/or placebo response, where available. MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, <span><span>clinicaltrials.gov</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>, and International Clinical Trials Registry Platform were systematically searched for relevant randomized or nonrandomized studies of intervention. Screening and data extraction were completed by independent pairs of reviewers. Effects were pooled using random-effects meta-analyses. One-stage dose–response analysis was performed for alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and γ-glutamyl transferase. The effect of baseline vitamin D, ALT, body mass index, and vitamin D response on treatment response was explored via metaregression. Treatment efficacy was evaluated in subgroup analyses according to patient and intervention characteristics. A total of 28 studies (21 randomized controlled trials) were analyzed. Statistically significant improvements were noted in FibroScan parameters, liver enzymes, insulin resistance, serum triglyceride, and high-density lipoprotein. However, the magnitude of effect regarding these improvements was smaller than thresholds for clinical benefit, and analyses demonstrated inconsistencies. Subgroup analyses failed to identify a specific subset of patients with MASLD benefiting from supplementation. Vitamin D supplementation was safe and well-tolerated, but no meaningful clinical benefit was identified for hepatic or metabolic parameters of interest in MASLD.</div><div>This trial was registered at PROSPERO as CRD420251125809.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10756,"journal":{"name":"Current Developments in Nutrition","volume":"10 2","pages":"Article 107631"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146075384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experience and Acceptability of a Reduced-Energy Whole-Diet Intervention in Women with Gestational Diabetes: a Qualitative Study of the Dietary Intervention in Gestational Diabetes Trial","authors":"Laura C Kusinski ,&nbsp;Sarah Dib ,&nbsp;Suzanne Smith ,&nbsp;Danielle L Jones ,&nbsp;Amy L Ahern ,&nbsp;Claire L Meek","doi":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107633","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107633","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is rising in prevalence in many countries worldwide. Although dietary modifications are the first-line treatment for GDM, it is unclear which specific dietary approaches are most effective to improve maternal and offspring outcomes while reducing further maternal weight gain. We recently demonstrated benefits of an energy-restricted diet with modest weight loss in women with GDM.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>We aimed to investigate the acceptability of an energy-restricted whole-diet intervention in women with GDM with a BMI ≥25 kg/m², in a free-living environment, and to examine potential barriers and enablers of implementation of such a diet into standard clinical care.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This qualitative research study used semistructured interviews with 20 participants in the Dietary Intervention in Gestational Diabetes trial, in which women with GDM were randomized to a whole-diet intervention containing 1200 or 2000 kcal/d. We used reflexive thematic analysis to explore participants’ experiences of the study diet and GDM.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We identified 6 key themes in participants’ experience: emotional and cognitive burden of managing GDM, convenience of meal delivery, support and reassurance, hunger and appetite differences, health impacts for intervention engagement, and research participation for awareness and impact. Facilitators of study participation included support, motivation, convenience, and not wanting to be medicated. Barriers to participation were the social aspects of eating food, inconvenience, and uncertainty about the validity of dietary interventions. It was identified that participants frequently overlooked their physical health and weight management during pregnancy, despite how crucial these factors are for both maternal and infant well-being.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Pregnant women with GDM found an energy-restricted diet to be acceptable and beneficial to emotional and physical health, especially when support is provided by healthcare professionals. The convenience of meal delivery and the motivations to avoid medication use in pregnancy facilitated engagement with the intervention.</div><div>This trial was registered at ISRCTN registry as ISRCTN 65152174 (<span><span>https://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN65152174</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10756,"journal":{"name":"Current Developments in Nutrition","volume":"10 2","pages":"Article 107633"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146075382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary Magnesium and Calcium Intake in Relation to Metabolic Health Status in Iranian Adolescents with Overweight and Obesity","authors":"Zahra Moradmand ,&nbsp;Saeideh Mirzaei ,&nbsp;Ali Asadi ,&nbsp;Masoumeh Akhlaghi ,&nbsp;Shahnaz Amani Tirani ,&nbsp;Parvane Saneei","doi":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107634","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107634","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>There are insufficient data about the relationship between dietary consumption of magnesium and calcium with metabolic health phenotypes in adolescents.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>The present study examined this association among Iranian adolescents with overweight and obesity.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This cross-sectional study was performed on 203 adolescents chosen from students in grades 7 to 12 of 6 education areas in Isfahan city, Iran. Anthropometric and biochemical assessments were performed based on standard procedures. International Diabetes Federation (IDF) and a combination of IDF with HOMA-IR criteria were applied to group participants as metabolically healthy overweight/obese or metabolically unhealthy overweight/obese (MUO) (as the outcome of interest). Magnesium, calcium intake, and calcium-to-magnesium (Ca:Mg) intake ratio as the exposures of interest, and other dietary data were gathered by a validated 147-item food frequency questionnaire. Logistic regression analysis was applied to estimate the possible association by considering potential covariates.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Adolescents in the top tertile of magnesium consumption compared with those in the bottom tertile had 64% decreasing odds of MUO based on the IDF criteria in the fully adjusted model [odds ratio (OR) = 0.36; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.14, 0.92]. No significant link was found between magnesium consumption and MUO defined by IDF/HOMA-IR definition. Individuals in the highest tertile of calcium consumption compared with those in the lowest tertile have respectively shown 82% (OR = 0.18; 95% CI: 0.07, 0.48) and 78% (OR = 0.22; 95% CI: 0.08, 0.62) lower odds of MUO based on IDF and IDF/HOMA-IR criteria, in a maximally-adjusted model. Subgroup analyses revealed that these associations were stronger among girls and overweight subjects. Higher Ca:Mg ratio was inversely associated with MUO based on IDF (OR = 0.30; 95% CI: 0.13, 0.73).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study suggests that higher dietary intakes of magnesium and calcium may prevent MU in adolescents with excess weight, particularly in girls. These findings highlight the potential role of these nutrients in maintaining metabolic health during adolescence.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10756,"journal":{"name":"Current Developments in Nutrition","volume":"10 2","pages":"Article 107634"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146075257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of a Food-Based Nutritional Profiling System to Assess Diet Quality in Diet-Level Data: Evidence on Construct and Convergent Validity from the Hatoyama Cohort Study and Kusatsu Cohort Study","authors":"Tao Yu ,&nbsp;Ryota Wakayama ,&nbsp;Yuri Yokoyama ,&nbsp;Hiroshi Murayama","doi":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107630","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107630","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Nutritional Profiling Systems (NPSs) are designed to classify foods by nutritional quality, but most validations occur at the food level. Their applicability to diet-level data from dietary questionnaires—commonly used in epidemiology—remains unclear.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>The study aims to evaluate the construct and convergent validity of the Meiji NPS for Older Adults (MNPS-OA), the first NPS developed for older populations, when applied to diet-level data.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Cross-sectional data from the Hatoyama Cohort Study and the Kusatsu Cohort Study involving 1102 Japanese adults aged ≥65 y were utilized. Dietary data were analyzed using a validated Brief Dietary History Questionnaire. Four MNPS-OA specifications were tested: <em>1</em>) original, <em>2</em>) without energy limits (WEL), <em>3</em>) without nutrient caps (WC), and <em>4</em>) without energy limit and nutrient caps (WEL-WC). Construct validity was assessed by intermodel correlations; convergent validity was evaluated against Healthy Eating Index-2015 (HEI-2015) and Nutrient-Rich Food Index 9.3 (NRF9.3).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Median MNPS-OA scores ranged from 124.5 (original) to 391.6 (WEL-WC). Correlations with HEI-2015 improved from <em>r</em> = 0.27 (original) to 0.58 (WEL-WC), and with NRF9.3 from <em>r</em> = 0.26 to 0.61. Removing nutrient caps substantially enhanced convergence, whereas removing energy limits had minimal effect.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>MNPS-OA can be adapted for diet-level assessment with targeted modifications. Eliminating nutrient caps markedly improves alignment with established diet quality indices, supporting its potential use in large-scale epidemiological studies and public health applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10756,"journal":{"name":"Current Developments in Nutrition","volume":"10 2","pages":"Article 107630"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146075334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to: Single Dose of Intravenous Ferric Carboxymaltose Prevents Anemia for 6 Months among Moderately or Severely Anemic Postpartum Women: A Case Study from India. Curr Dev Nutr. 2021; 5(7): nzab078. doi: 10.1093/cdn/nzab078","authors":"Ravneet Kaur ,&nbsp;Shashi Kant ,&nbsp;Partha Haldar ,&nbsp;Farhad Ahamed ,&nbsp;Archana Singh ,&nbsp;Vignesh Dwarakanathan ,&nbsp;Sumit Malhotra ,&nbsp;Kapil Yadav","doi":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107626","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107626","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10756,"journal":{"name":"Current Developments in Nutrition","volume":"10 1","pages":"Article 107626"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145881612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protective Effects of Safranal Against Spike Protein-Induced Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Inflammation in Peripheral and Central Immune Cells","authors":"Antonella Girgenti ,&nbsp;Martina Letizia Contente ,&nbsp;Miriam Buttacavoli ,&nbsp;Laura Palumbo ,&nbsp;Flores Naselli ,&nbsp;Sabrina Dallavalle ,&nbsp;Gigliola Borgonovo ,&nbsp;Pasquale Picone ,&nbsp;Andrea Pinto ,&nbsp;Domenico Nuzzo","doi":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107629","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107629","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Saffron (<em>Crocus sativus L</em>.) contains bioactive molecules with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective properties. Growing evidence indicates that severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) promotes neuroinflammation and mitochondrial dysfunction contributing to neuro-coronavirus disease.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>The aim of this study is to evaluate the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective effects of 3 saffron derivatives, picrocrocin, 4-hydroxysafranal, and safranal, in peripheral immune cells and microglia, and to test the hypothesis that these compounds, especially safranal, counteract Spike protein 1(S1)-induced inflammation and mitochondrial dysfunction.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>An immortalized murine microglial cell line (BV2) and human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from healthy donors were treated with saffron derivatives at nontoxic concentrations (0.05–0.5 mM). Cytotoxicity (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3‑carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4‑sulfophenyl)-2H‑tetrazolium (MTS) assay), antioxidant capacity [2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH)], intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS; 2,7-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate), cytokine expression (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and quantitative polymerase chain reaction), and mitochondrial membrane potential (5,5′,6,6′‑tetrachloro‑1,1′,3,3′‑tetraethylbenzimidazolylcarbocyanine iodide (JC-1) assay) were assessed. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) served as an inflammatory control, whereas S1 was used to model SARS-CoV-2-mediated neuroinflammation and mitochondrial damage.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>All saffron derivatives showed antioxidant activity, with safranal demonstrating the strongest DPPH radical scavenging effect and the most pronounced reduction of intracellular ROS. In LPS-stimulated BV2 cells, safranal significantly decreased inducible nitric oxide synthase expression. In PBMCs, saffron compounds attenuated LPS-induced interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) release, with safranal showing the greatest decrease. S1 increased IL-1β and tumor necrosis factor-alpha expression in BV2 microglia. Co-treatment with safranal reduced these cytokines by ∼38% and 44%, respectively. S1 induced a loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, which was effectively restored by safranal, as confirmed by JC-1 fluorescence analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>These findings identify safranal as a promising neuroprotective candidate for preventing or mitigating SARS-CoV-2-associated neurological damage and other disorders involving microglial activation and mitochondrial impairment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10756,"journal":{"name":"Current Developments in Nutrition","volume":"10 1","pages":"Article 107629"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145973629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sex Differences in Measures of Energy Expenditure and Body Composition in Young, Middle-Aged, and Older Adults","authors":"Hannah E Cabre ,&nbsp;Kara L Marlatt ,&nbsp;Rodrigo Fernández-Verdejo ,&nbsp;Robbie Beyl ,&nbsp;Leanne M Redman ,&nbsp;Philip N Ainslie ,&nbsp;Heliodoro Alemán-Mateo ,&nbsp;Lene F Andersen ,&nbsp;Liam J Anderson ,&nbsp;Lenore Arab ,&nbsp;Kweku Bedu-Addo ,&nbsp;Alberto G Bonomi ,&nbsp;Carlijn VC Bouten ,&nbsp;Pascal Bovet ,&nbsp;Soren Brage ,&nbsp;Maciej S Buchowski ,&nbsp;Nancy F Butte ,&nbsp;Stefan G Camps ,&nbsp;Regina Casper ,&nbsp;Graeme L Close ,&nbsp;Eric Ravussin","doi":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107614","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107614","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Total daily energy expenditure (TDEE) is vital for energy balance and cardiometabolic health, yet its trajectory across the lifespan, particularly in females, remains poorly understood.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>We sought to examine the effects of aging and sex on body composition and TDEE.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In a cross-sectional analysis of data from research centers across 9 European Countries and the United States from the International Atomic Energy Agency database, TDEE and body composition measures of 2326 participants (1560W/766M; 50.7 ± 12 .6 y) were stratified across age groups: young (30–39 y; YOUNG), middle-aged (40–54 y; MID), and old (55–70 y; OLD). Doubly labeled water was used to estimate TDEE and fat-free mass (FFM). Fat mass (FM) was calculated as the difference between body mass and FFM, and %fat was ratio between FM and body mass as a percentage. Linear models were used for analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Females demonstrated greater FM and lower FFM with each age group, compared with males (<em>P &lt;</em> 0.001). In females, OLD had lower absolute TDEE than YOUNG (−217 kcal/d, <em>P &lt;</em> 0.001) and MID (−208 kcal/d, <em>P &lt;</em> 0.001). Male absolute TDEE was lowered across all age groups (OLD compared with YOUNG: −334 kcal/d; OLD compared with MID: −210 kcal/d; MID compared with YOUNG: −124 kcal/d; <em>P &lt;</em> 0.001). Adjusted TDEE was similar within age groups between females and males.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>These results suggest that age influences changes in body composition and energy expenditure similarly between males and females. The most significant change in TDEE occurs as individuals transition from middle age to older adulthood. Females generally have a higher percentage of %fat and FM, along with lower FFM, compared with males across all age groups. These findings are important for understanding how aging affects metabolism and body composition, which could inform sex-specific health strategies and interventions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10756,"journal":{"name":"Current Developments in Nutrition","volume":"10 1","pages":"Article 107614"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145973628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Economic Implications of Relapse Among Children Recovered from Severe Acute Malnutrition: Results from a Multicountry Prospective Study in Mali, Somalia, and South Sudan","authors":"Chloe Puett ,&nbsp;Sarah King ,&nbsp;Sherifath Mama Chabi ,&nbsp;Feysal Abdisalan Mohamud ,&nbsp;Nancy Lamwaka ,&nbsp;Heather Stobaugh","doi":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107616","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107616","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The community-based management of acute malnutrition (CMAM) is effective at recovering children from severe acute malnutrition (SAM) and saving lives. However, postdischarge, children may relapse to acute malnutrition (AM), thereby requiring retreatment.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study aims to assess the economic implications of treating children who relapse to AM within 6 mo of recovering from initial treatment for uncomplicated SAM in CMAM programs.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study was part of a multicountry prospective cohort study in which children aged 6–47 mo with uncomplicated SAM were followed for 6 mo after recovery in Mali, Somalia, and South Sudan (SSD). Institutional cost data were collected monthly through accounting records or key informant interviews, depending on data availability. Mean costs per treatment episode for each CMAM program component were calculated (initial SAM recovery, relapse to SAM treatment, relapse to moderate AM treatment; 2022 USD).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The cost per child of recovery in initial SAM treatment was $191, $92, and $178 in Mali, Somalia, and SSD, respectively. The cost per child who failed to sustain recovery and required treatment for relapse to SAM was 1.7–2.2 times higher than initial recovery, amounting to an additional $215, $64, and $215/child in Mali, Somalia, and SSD, respectively. Not having to retreat children would save per admitted child on mean $2 in Somalia, $26 in SSD, and $45 in Mali.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This is the first analysis to estimate the cost of retreating children who relapse to AM within 6 mo of recovering from SAM. Our findings show that the cost of treating relapse to SAM is, on mean, twice as high as the initial SAM recovery. Preventing relapse could free up significant resources. Amid reduced global assistance, these results highlight the economic rationale for improving the efficiency of global nutrition programs by reducing relapse rates and strengthening prevention strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10756,"journal":{"name":"Current Developments in Nutrition","volume":"10 1","pages":"Article 107616"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145939485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sports Nutrition","authors":"Jonathan D Buckley ,&nbsp;Jess Gwin ,&nbsp;Stuart Phillips","doi":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107613","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107613","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10756,"journal":{"name":"Current Developments in Nutrition","volume":"10 1","pages":"Article 107613"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145973736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}