Social cost of lifestyle adaptation: Air pollution and outdoor physical exercise

IF 5.5 3区 经济学 Q1 BUSINESS Journal of Environmental Economics and Management Pub Date : 2024-07-20 DOI:10.1016/j.jeem.2024.103042
Yichun Fan
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Abstract

The social cost of environmental hazards depends on the well-being impacts of both exposure and adaptation. While the monetary expenditure of adaptation is increasingly considered, little research assesses the social cost associated with non-market lifestyle adaptation. Based on a longitudinal database of 27 million exercise records of 243,395 Chinese residents, I present evidence that urbanites limit their outdoor physical exercise in response to air pollution. Employing imported pollution from upwind cities as instrumental variable, I estimate that heavy air pollution leads to a 28% reduction in urbanites’ outdoor exercise likelihood. Information plays a crucial role as behavioral moderator: (i) Outdoor exercise rate plummets at the “heavy pollution” threshold and during the issuance of alerts; (ii) Residents in well-educated neighborhoods exhibit more than double the responsiveness to air pollution and alerts due to their greater awareness of pollution-related health risks. I discuss the health costs associated with this adaptation behavior and policy implications.

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适应生活方式的社会成本:空气污染与户外体育锻炼
环境危害的社会成本取决于暴露和适应对福祉的影响。尽管人们越来越多地考虑适应环境的货币支出,但很少有研究评估与适应非市场生活方式相关的社会成本。基于一个包含 243,395 名中国居民 2,700 万条运动记录的纵向数据库,我提出了城市居民因空气污染而限制户外体育锻炼的证据。利用上风城市的输入性污染作为工具变量,我估计严重的空气污染会导致城市居民户外锻炼的可能性降低 28%。作为行为调节因素,信息起着至关重要的作用:(i)在 "重度污染 "阈值和警报发布期间,户外锻炼率急剧下降;(ii)由于受过良好教育的居民对污染相关的健康风险有更高的认识,因此他们对空气污染和警报的反应能力是普通居民的两倍多。我将讨论与这种适应行为相关的健康成本和政策影响。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
8.00
自引率
4.30%
发文量
91
期刊介绍: The Journal of Environmental Economics and Management publishes theoretical and empirical papers devoted to specific natural resources and environmental issues. For consideration, papers should (1) contain a substantial element embodying the linkage between economic systems and environmental and natural resources systems or (2) be of substantial importance in understanding the management and/or social control of the economy in its relations with the natural environment. Although the general orientation of the journal is toward economics, interdisciplinary papers by researchers in other fields of interest to resource and environmental economists will be welcomed.
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