Animal board invited review: Dietary transition from animal to plant-derived foods: Are there risks to health?

IF 4 2区 农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE Animal Pub Date : 2024-07-20 DOI:10.1016/j.animal.2024.101263
D.I. Givens
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Abstract

Animal-derived foods (ADFs) are a very varied group of foods, but many are nutrient rich and contain higher quality protein than provided by plant-derived foods such that a simple replacement of ADF protein is likely to lead to a reduction in overall protein quality. In addition, many ADFs are richer in some nutrients than plant-based foods (e.g. Fe, Ca) and these often have a higher bioavailability. ADFs also provide nutrients that plants cannot supply (e.g. vitamin B12) and some provide beneficial health functionality (e.g. hypotensive) which is not explained by traditional nutrition. However, there remains a good health reason to increase the proportion of plant−derived food in many diets to increase the intake of dietary fibre which is often consumed at very sub-optimal levels. It seems logical that the increased plant-derived foods should replace the ADFs that have the least benefit, the greatest risk to health and the highest environmental impact. Processed meat fits these characteristics and should be an initial target for replacement with plant-based based protein-rich foods that additionally provide the necessary nutrients and have high−quality dietary fibre. Processed meat covers a wide range of products including several traditional foods (e.g. sausages) which will make decisions on food replacement challenging. There is therefore an urgent need for research to better define the relative health risks associated with the range of processed meat-based foods. The aim of this review is to examine the evidence on the benefits and risks of this dietary transition including the absolute necessity to consider initial nutrient status before the replacement of ADFs is considered.

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动物委员会特邀评论:从动物源性食品到植物源性食品的膳食过渡:是否存在健康风险?
动物源性食品(ADF)是一类种类繁多的食品,但许多动物源性食品营养丰富,含有比植物源性食品更优质的蛋白质,因此简单地替代 ADF 蛋白质很可能会导致整体蛋白质质量下降。此外,许多 ADF 的某些营养成分(如铁、钙)比植物性食品更丰富,而且生物利用率通常更高。ADF 还能提供植物无法提供的营养物质(如维生素 B12),有些还能提供传统营养学无法解释的有益健康的功能(如降血压)。然而,在许多膳食中增加植物源性食物的比例,以增加膳食纤维的摄入量,这仍然是一个很好的健康理由,因为膳食纤维的摄入量往往低于最佳水平。似乎合乎逻辑的是,增加的植物源性食品应该替代那些对健康益处最小、风险最大、对环境影响最大的 ADF。加工肉类符合这些特点,应成为以植物为基础的富含蛋白质食品替代的最初目标,这些食品还能提供必要的营养素和优质膳食纤维。加工肉类产品种类繁多,包括几种传统食品(如香肠),这将使有关食品替代的决策具有挑战性。因此,迫切需要开展研究,以更好地界定与各种加工肉类食品相关的相对健康风险。本综述旨在研究有关这种膳食转变的益处和风险的证据,包括在考虑替代 ADFs 之前考虑初始营养状况的绝对必要性。
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来源期刊
Animal
Animal 农林科学-奶制品与动物科学
CiteScore
7.50
自引率
2.80%
发文量
246
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: Editorial board animal attracts the best research in animal biology and animal systems from across the spectrum of the agricultural, biomedical, and environmental sciences. It is the central element in an exciting collaboration between the British Society of Animal Science (BSAS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA) and the European Federation of Animal Science (EAAP) and represents a merging of three scientific journals: Animal Science; Animal Research; Reproduction, Nutrition, Development. animal publishes original cutting-edge research, ''hot'' topics and horizon-scanning reviews on animal-related aspects of the life sciences at the molecular, cellular, organ, whole animal and production system levels. The main subject areas include: breeding and genetics; nutrition; physiology and functional biology of systems; behaviour, health and welfare; farming systems, environmental impact and climate change; product quality, human health and well-being. Animal models and papers dealing with the integration of research between these topics and their impact on the environment and people are particularly welcome.
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