{"title":"Microbial communities reveal niche partitioning across the slope and bottom zones of the challenger deep","authors":"Aoran Hu, Weishu Zhao, Jing Wang, Qi Qi, Xiang Xiao, Hongmei Jing","doi":"10.1111/1758-2229.13314","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p>Widespread marine microbiomes exhibit compositional and functional differentiation as a result of adaptation driven by environmental characteristics. We investigated the microbial communities in both seawater and sediments on the slope (7–9 km) and the bottom (9–11 km) of the Challenger Deep of the Mariana Trench to explore community differentiation. Both metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) and 16S rRNA amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) showed that the microbial composition in the seawater was similar to that of sediment on the slope, while distinct from that of sediment in the bottom. This scenario suggested a potentially stronger community interaction between seawater and sediment on the slope, which was further confirmed by community assembly and population movement analyses. The metagenomic analysis also indicates a specific stronger potential of nitrate reduction and sulphate assimilation in the bottom seawater, while more versatile nitrogen and sulphur cycling pathways occur on the slope, reflecting functional differentiations among communities in conjunction with environmental features. This work implies that microbial community differentiation occurred in the different hadal niches, and was likely an outcome of microbial adaptation to the extreme hadal trench environment, especially the associated hydrological and geological conditions, which should be considered and measured in situ in future studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":163,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Microbiology Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.6000,"publicationDate":"2024-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11291871/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Environmental Microbiology Reports","FirstCategoryId":"99","ListUrlMain":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/1758-2229.13314","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Widespread marine microbiomes exhibit compositional and functional differentiation as a result of adaptation driven by environmental characteristics. We investigated the microbial communities in both seawater and sediments on the slope (7–9 km) and the bottom (9–11 km) of the Challenger Deep of the Mariana Trench to explore community differentiation. Both metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) and 16S rRNA amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) showed that the microbial composition in the seawater was similar to that of sediment on the slope, while distinct from that of sediment in the bottom. This scenario suggested a potentially stronger community interaction between seawater and sediment on the slope, which was further confirmed by community assembly and population movement analyses. The metagenomic analysis also indicates a specific stronger potential of nitrate reduction and sulphate assimilation in the bottom seawater, while more versatile nitrogen and sulphur cycling pathways occur on the slope, reflecting functional differentiations among communities in conjunction with environmental features. This work implies that microbial community differentiation occurred in the different hadal niches, and was likely an outcome of microbial adaptation to the extreme hadal trench environment, especially the associated hydrological and geological conditions, which should be considered and measured in situ in future studies.
期刊介绍:
The journal is identical in scope to Environmental Microbiology, shares the same editorial team and submission site, and will apply the same high level acceptance criteria. The two journals will be mutually supportive and evolve side-by-side.
Environmental Microbiology Reports provides a high profile vehicle for publication of the most innovative, original and rigorous research in the field. The scope of the Journal encompasses the diversity of current research on microbial processes in the environment, microbial communities, interactions and evolution and includes, but is not limited to, the following:
the structure, activities and communal behaviour of microbial communities
microbial community genetics and evolutionary processes
microbial symbioses, microbial interactions and interactions with plants, animals and abiotic factors
microbes in the tree of life, microbial diversification and evolution
population biology and clonal structure
microbial metabolic and structural diversity
microbial physiology, growth and survival
microbes and surfaces, adhesion and biofouling
responses to environmental signals and stress factors
modelling and theory development
pollution microbiology
extremophiles and life in extreme and unusual little-explored habitats
element cycles and biogeochemical processes, primary and secondary production
microbes in a changing world, microbially-influenced global changes
evolution and diversity of archaeal and bacterial viruses
new technological developments in microbial ecology and evolution, in particular for the study of activities of microbial communities, non-culturable microorganisms and emerging pathogens.