Primary Care Considerations for the Adolescent Wrestler.

IF 2.9 2区 医学 Q1 ORTHOPEDICS Current Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-31 DOI:10.1007/s12178-024-09920-z
Cassidy M Schultz, James J McGinley, V Claire Clark, Nolan D Hawkins, Luke C Radel, Jacob C Jones
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Abstract

Purpose of review: Adolescent wrestlers undergo intense physical combat. While guidelines are effective in keeping the sport safer, concerns specific to the adolescent wrestler may be missed at primary care visits without knowledge of the unique challenges faced by these athletes. The following review highlights important characteristics of the adolescent wrestler which are of interest to primary care providers.

Recent findings: Recommendations for concussion management are evolving to gradual return-to-sport after physician clearance rather than total sport removal. Prolonged skin-to-skin contact also places athletes at greater risk of dermatologic infections, which often require removal from competition, treatment, and/or coverage. Finally, adolescent nutritional literature recommends limiting pre-match weight loss to 3-5% body weight due to noted kidney damage that may result from larger deficits. Adolescent wrestlers are more prone to acute injuries than chronic overuse injuries, with most injuries occurring above the trunk. Primary care providers should consider obtaining imaging to rule out severe injuries or referring to specialist providers. Current guidelines for skin infections require frequent pre-match skin checks and mandatory waiting periods when certain infections are identified. However, the primary care provider is well-equipped for more in-depth skin examination, discussion of skin hygiene, and appropriate treatment of skin infections. Athletes attempting to meet lower weight classes may put themselves at risk of acute kidney damage, under-fueling, and eating disorders. Current guidelines attempt to mitigate excessive weight changes in the adolescent wrestler during competition season, but primary care providers should emphasize healthier methods of weight fluctuation and look for indicators of physiological or psychological effects.

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青少年摔跤运动员的初级保健注意事项。
审查目的:青少年摔跤运动员经历着激烈的身体对抗。虽然相关指南能有效提高这项运动的安全性,但如果不了解青少年摔跤运动员所面临的独特挑战,在初级保健就诊时可能会忽略青少年摔跤运动员的特殊问题。以下回顾重点介绍了初级保健提供者所关注的青少年摔跤运动员的重要特征:最近的研究结果:对脑震荡处理的建议正在演变为在医生许可后逐步恢复运动,而不是完全停止运动。长时间的皮肤接触也会使运动员面临更大的皮肤感染风险,通常需要停止比赛、治疗和/或覆盖。最后,青少年营养文献建议将赛前减重限制在体重的 3-5%,因为较大的减重可能会导致肾脏损伤。青少年摔跤运动员更容易发生急性损伤,而不是慢性过度运动损伤,大多数损伤发生在躯干以上部位。初级保健提供者应考虑通过影像学检查来排除严重损伤,或转诊给专科医生。目前的皮肤感染指南要求经常进行赛前皮肤检查,并在发现某些感染时强制规定等待时间。不过,初级保健提供者完全有能力进行更深入的皮肤检查、讨论皮肤卫生问题并对皮肤感染进行适当治疗。试图达到较低体重级别的运动员可能会面临急性肾损伤、供养不足和饮食失调的风险。目前的指导方针试图减轻青少年摔跤运动员在比赛期间体重的过度变化,但初级保健提供者应强调更健康的体重波动方法,并寻找生理或心理影响的指标。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
7.50
自引率
2.40%
发文量
64
期刊介绍: This journal intends to review the most significant recent developments in the field of musculoskeletal medicine. By providing clear, insightful, balanced contributions by expert world-renowned authors, the journal aims to serve all those involved in the diagnosis, treatment, management, and prevention of musculoskeletal-related conditions. We accomplish this aim by appointing authorities to serve as Section Editors in key subject areas, such as rehabilitation of the knee and hip, sports medicine, trauma, pediatrics, health policy, customization in arthroplasty, and rheumatology. Section Editors, in turn, select topics for which leading experts contribute comprehensive review articles that emphasize new developments and recently published papers of major importance, highlighted by annotated reference lists. We also provide commentaries from well-known figures in the field, and an Editorial Board of more than 20 diverse members suggests topics of special interest to their country/region and ensures that topics are current and include emerging research.
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