Polyethylene Biodegradation by an Artificial Bacterial Consortium: Rhodococcus as a Competitive Plastisphere Species.

IF 2.1 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q3 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY Microbes and Environments Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI:10.1264/jsme2.ME24031
Jyothi Priya Putcha, Wataru Kitagawa
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Abstract

Polyethylene (PE), a widely used recalcitrant synthetic polymer, is a major global pollutant. PE has very low biodegradability due to its rigid C-C backbone and high hydrophobicity. Although microorganisms have been suggested to possess PE-degrading enzymes, our understanding of the PE biodegradation process and its overall applicability is still lacking. In the present study, we used an artificial bacterial consortium for PE biodegradation to compensate for the enzyme availability and metabolic capabilities of individual bacterial strains. Consortium members were selected based on available literature and preliminary screening for PE-degrading enzymes, including laccases, lipases, esterases, and alkane hydroxylases. PE pellets were incubated with the consortium for 200 days. A next-generation sequencing ana-lysis of the consortium community of the culture broth and on the PE pellet identified Rhodococcus as the dominant bacteria. Among the Rhodococcus strains in the consortium, Rhodococcus erythropolis was predominant. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed multilayered biofilms with bacteria embedded on the PE surface. SEM micrographs of PE pellets after biofilm removal showed bacterial pitting and surface deterioration. Multicellular biofilm structures and surface biodeterioration were observed in an incubation of PE pellets with R. erythropolis alone. The present study demonstrated that PE may be biodegraded by an artificially constructed bacterial consortium, in which R. erythropolis has emerged as an important player. The results showing the robust colonization of hydrophobic PE by R. erythropolis and that it naturally possesses and extracellularly expresses several target enzymes suggest its potential as a host for further improved PE biodeterioration by genetic engineering technology using a well-studied host-vector system.

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人工细菌联盟对聚乙烯的生物降解:罗氏球菌是一种具有竞争力的塑球菌种。
聚乙烯(PE)是一种广泛使用的难降解合成聚合物,是一种主要的全球性污染物。由于聚乙烯具有刚性 C-C 主干和高度疏水性,其生物降解性非常低。虽然微生物被认为具有 PE 降解酶,但我们对 PE 的生物降解过程及其整体适用性仍然缺乏了解。在本研究中,我们利用人工细菌联合体进行 PE 生物降解,以弥补单个细菌菌株的酶可用性和代谢能力。根据现有文献和对聚乙烯降解酶的初步筛选,我们选出了联合体成员,包括裂解酶、脂肪酶、酯酶和烷烃羟化酶。聚乙烯颗粒与联合体一起培养 200 天。对培养液和聚乙烯颗粒上的联合菌群落进行的新一代测序分析确定了主要的细菌为 Rhodococcus。在联合菌群的 Rhodococcus 菌株中,红球菌(Rhodococcus erythropolis)占主导地位。扫描电子显微镜(SEM)显示了嵌入聚乙烯表面的多层生物膜。去除生物膜后,聚乙烯颗粒的扫描电镜显微照片显示出细菌点蚀和表面劣化。在聚乙烯颗粒与红球菌单独培养的过程中,也观察到了多细胞生物膜结构和表面生物劣化现象。本研究表明,聚乙烯可以通过人工构建的细菌群进行生物降解,其中红球菌是一个重要的角色。研究结果表明,R. erythropolis 能在疏水性聚乙烯中稳健定殖,而且它天然拥有并在细胞外表达多种目标酶,这表明它有可能成为一种宿主,利用经过充分研究的宿主-载体系统,通过基因工程技术进一步改善聚乙烯的生物降解。
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来源期刊
Microbes and Environments
Microbes and Environments 生物-生物工程与应用微生物
CiteScore
4.10
自引率
13.60%
发文量
66
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: Microbial ecology in natural and engineered environments; Microbial degradation of xenobiotic compounds; Microbial processes in biogeochemical cycles; Microbial interactions and signaling with animals and plants; Interactions among microorganisms; Microorganisms related to public health; Phylogenetic and functional diversity of microbial communities; Genomics, metagenomics, and bioinformatics for microbiology; Application of microorganisms to agriculture, fishery, and industry; Molecular biology and biochemistry related to environmental microbiology; Methodology in general and environmental microbiology; Interdisciplinary research areas for microbial ecology (e.g., Astrobiology, and Origins of Life); Taxonomic description of novel microorganisms with ecological perspective; Physiology and metabolisms of microorganisms; Evolution of genes and microorganisms; Genome report of microorganisms with ecological perspective.
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