A delay aware routing approach for FANET based on emperor penguins colony algorithm

Abstract

Many drones work together in an ad hoc manner to form flying ad hoc networks. While these networks have opened up new possibilities for a wide range of applications like the commercial, and residential, they have also presented several problems, including high-speed nodes, limited density, and abrupt dynamic topology. Therefore, routing is a complex problem in such networks. The optimized link state routing protocol served as an inspiration for this plan. This article proposes a delay-conscious routing protocol for flying ad hoc networks and offers a new method for calculating the link lifespan among two unmanned aerial vehicles based on factors such as their distance apart, relative speed, and the direction in which they travel. An approach is presented in which the emperor penguin colony algorithm is used to select multi-point relay nodes. A node's ability to serve as a multi-point relay node is based on its remaining energy, link lifespan, neighboring degree, and eagerness. In sum up, the suggested approach generates paths between nodes taking energy and lifespan into account. The performance evaluation of the proposed routing is done against ML-OLSR and MP-OLSR. At a minimum, a 15% and 32% increase in latency and energy consumption were achieved by implementing the proposed technique.