Reaching across social divides deliberately: Theoretical, political, and practical implications of intergroup contact volition for intergroup relations

IF 4.8 2区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL Social and Personality Psychology Compass Pub Date : 2024-07-30 DOI:10.1111/spc3.12988
Stefania Paolini, Jake Harwood, Mark Rubin, Jonathan Huck, Kevin Dunn, John Dixon
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Abstract

The benefits of positive intergroup contact for intergroup attitudes are well‐established. Yet individual and group self‐segregation practices demonstrate that opportunities for intergroup contact are not sufficient for contact uptake; and persistent institutionalized segregation reinforces and compounds this problem. Hence, we need to understand what drives people towards and away from intergroup contact and what consequences the capacity to deliberately engage or avoid contact has for individuals, groups, and communities. This paper formally introduces the concept of intergroup contact volition: our perceived personal control over intergroup contact engagement and avoidance. We demonstrate this concept's theoretical, political, and practical significance by highlighting its embeddedness in both old and recent literature. We document debates around volition in early intergroup contact research and note a prolonged neglect since. After discussing reasons for that neglect, we present a detailed analysis of the concept, outlining how the idea of volition itself is contested and political, as well as the ways it intersects with broader societal power and status dynamics. We then outline pathways for future research, including investigations of when taking volition away (making contact mandated) might be helpful, intersections between psychological and human geography perspectives on volition, and connections between volition and system justification. We argue that contact volition is intimately and ultimately linked to issues of social change: support of, versus resistance to, policies promoting intergroup integration. As a result, an enhanced understanding of volition is critical to developing intergroup contact research and practice into outcomes that maximize social justice.
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有意跨越社会鸿沟:群体间接触意愿对群体间关系的理论、政治和实践影响
积极的群体间接触对群体间态度的益处是有目共睹的。然而,个人和群体的自我隔离做法表明,群体间接触的机会不足以促进接触;而持续的制度化隔离则强化和加剧了这一问题。因此,我们需要了解是什么驱使人们走向或远离群体间接触,以及刻意参与或避免接触的能力会给个人、群体和社区带来什么后果。本文正式提出了群体间接触意志的概念:我们对群体间接触的参与和回避的个人控制感知。我们强调了这一概念在新旧文献中的嵌入性,以此证明其理论、政治和实践意义。我们记录了早期群际接触研究中围绕 "意志 "展开的争论,并注意到此后对这一概念的长期忽视。在讨论了这种忽视的原因之后,我们对这一概念进行了详细分析,概述了意志这一概念本身是如何具有争议性和政治性的,以及它是如何与更广泛的社会权力和地位动态相交织的。然后,我们概述了未来研究的路径,包括调查何时剥夺自愿(强制接触)可能会有帮助,心理学和人文地理学关于自愿的观点之间的交叉,以及自愿和系统合理性之间的联系。我们认为,接触意愿最终与社会变革问题密切相关:对促进群体间融合政策的支持与抵制。因此,加强对意志的理解对于将群体间接触研究和实践发展为最大限度地实现社会公正的成果至关重要。
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来源期刊
Social and Personality Psychology Compass
Social and Personality Psychology Compass Psychology-Social Psychology
CiteScore
5.20
自引率
2.20%
发文量
59
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