Immune Response to COVID-19 Vaccination in Elite Athletes.

IF 3.5 4区 医学 Q2 IMMUNOLOGY Exercise Immunology Review Pub Date : 2024-01-01
Lea Halmans, Andreas Venhorst, Verena Klemis, Tina Schmidt, Franziska Greiß, Urban Sester, Barabara C Gärtner, Martina Sester, Tim Meyer
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Abstract

Purpose: This study analyses the immune response of elite athletes after COVID-19 vaccination with double-dose mRNA and a single-dose vector vaccine.

Methods: Immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody titers, neutralizing activity, CD4 and CD8 T-cells were examined in blood samples from 72 athletes before and after vaccination against COVID-19 (56 mRNA (BNT162b2 / mRNA-1273), 16 vector (Ad26.COV.2) vaccines). Side effects and training time loss was also recorded.

Results: Induction of IgG antibodies (mRNA : 5702 BAU/ml ; 4343 BAU/ml (hereafter: median), vector: 61 BAU/ml ; 52 BAU/ml, p<0.01), their neutralizing activity (99.7% ; 10.6%, p<0.01), and SARS-CoV-2 spike-specific CD4 T-cells (0.13% ; 0.05% ; p<0.01) after mRNA double-dose vaccines was significantly more pronounced than after a single-dose vector vaccine. SARS-CoV-2 spike-specific CD8 T-cell levels after a vector vaccine (0.15%) were significantly higher than after mRNA vaccines (0.02%; p<0.01). When athletes who had initially received the vector vaccine were boostered with an mRNA vaccine, IgG antibodies (to 3456 BAU/ml; p<0.01), neutralizing activity (to 100%; p<0.01), CD4 (to 0.13%; p<0.01) and CD8 T-cells (to 0.43%; p<0.01) significantly increased. When compared with dual-dose mRNA regimen, IgG antibody response was lower (p<0.01), the neutralizing activity (p<0.01) and CD8 T-cell (p<0.01) response higher and no significant difference in CD4 T-cell response (p=0.54) between the two regimens. Cumulative training loss (3 days) did not significantly differ between vaccination regimens (p=0.46).

Conclusion: mRNA and vector vaccines against SARSCoV-2 appear to induce different patterns of immune response in athletes. Lower immune induction after a single-shot vector vaccine was clearly optimized by a heterologous booster. Vaccine reactions were mild and short-lived.

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精英运动员对接种 COVID-19 疫苗的免疫反应。
目的:本研究分析了精英运动员接种COVID-19双剂量mRNA疫苗和单剂量载体疫苗后的免疫反应:方法:对 72 名运动员接种 COVID-19 疫苗(56 支 mRNA(BNT162b2 / mRNA-1273)、16 支载体疫苗(Ad26.COV.2))前后的血液样本中的免疫球蛋白 G (IgG) 抗体滴度、中和活性、CD4 和 CD8 T 细胞进行检测。同时还记录了副作用和训练时间损失:结果:诱导的 IgG 抗体(mRNA:5702 BAU/ml ;4343 BAU/ml(以下简称:中位数),载体:61 BAU/ml ;52 BAU/ml,p 结论:针对 SARSCoV-2 的 mRNA 和载体疫苗似乎能诱导运动员产生不同模式的免疫反应。单针载体疫苗的免疫诱导率较低,而异源强化剂则能明显优化免疫诱导率。疫苗反应轻微且持续时间短。
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来源期刊
Exercise Immunology Review
Exercise Immunology Review 医学-免疫学
CiteScore
16.00
自引率
0.00%
发文量
7
期刊介绍: Exercise Immunology Review (EIR) serves as the official publication of the International Society of Exercise and Immunology and the German Society of Sports Medicine and Prevention. It is dedicated to advancing knowledge in all areas of immunology relevant to acute exercise and regular physical activity. EIR publishes review articles and papers containing new, original data along with extensive review-like discussions. Recognizing the diverse disciplines contributing to the understanding of immune function, the journal adopts an interdisciplinary approach, facilitating the dissemination of research findings from fields such as exercise sciences, medicine, immunology, physiology, behavioral science, endocrinology, pharmacology, and psychology.
期刊最新文献
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