{"title":"Vibrating-Wire Viscometry","authors":"Markus Richter, J. P. Martin Trusler","doi":"10.1007/s10765-024-03413-4","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The theory and application of the vibrating-wire technique for the measurement of viscosity, as well as both viscosity and density, are reviewed. Theory is presented in the form of practical working equations and well-established limitations on their ranges of validity. The cases of both transient and steady-state excitation of the vibrating wire are considered in detail. For the steady-state mode, we describe a variant of the method in which the density is also measured. Practical details including wire materials, magnet systems and instrumentation are discussed, and several design examples from the literature are reviewed. Relative uncertainties in vibrating-wire viscometry vary from, at best, 0.2 % to about 2 % at 95 % confidence. In an appropriately designed instrument, density can be measured simultaneously with a relative uncertainty of about 0.2 %.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":598,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Thermophysics","volume":"45 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5000,"publicationDate":"2024-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10765-024-03413-4.pdf","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"International Journal of Thermophysics","FirstCategoryId":"5","ListUrlMain":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10765-024-03413-4","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
The theory and application of the vibrating-wire technique for the measurement of viscosity, as well as both viscosity and density, are reviewed. Theory is presented in the form of practical working equations and well-established limitations on their ranges of validity. The cases of both transient and steady-state excitation of the vibrating wire are considered in detail. For the steady-state mode, we describe a variant of the method in which the density is also measured. Practical details including wire materials, magnet systems and instrumentation are discussed, and several design examples from the literature are reviewed. Relative uncertainties in vibrating-wire viscometry vary from, at best, 0.2 % to about 2 % at 95 % confidence. In an appropriately designed instrument, density can be measured simultaneously with a relative uncertainty of about 0.2 %.
期刊介绍：
International Journal of Thermophysics serves as an international medium for the publication of papers in thermophysics, assisting both generators and users of thermophysical properties data. This distinguished journal publishes both experimental and theoretical papers on thermophysical properties of matter in the liquid, gaseous, and solid states (including soft matter, biofluids, and nano- and bio-materials), on instrumentation and techniques leading to their measurement, and on computer studies of model and related systems. Studies in all ranges of temperature, pressure, wavelength, and other relevant variables are included.
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