{"title":"Impact of PM<sub>2.5</sub> exposure in old age and its interactive effect with smoking on incidence of diabetes.","authors":"Anthony Chen, Jiaqian Yin, Ying Ma, Jian Hou, Weiju Zhou, Zhongliang Bai, Xia Qin, Zhi Hu, Yuntao Chen, Eric J Brunner, Haidong Kan, Ruoling Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.175219","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To determine the impact of PM<sub>2.5</sub> exposure in old age and its interactive effect with smoking on incident diabetes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 2766 participants aged ≥60 years in China were interviewed at baseline for disease risk factors in 2001-03 and were then followed up for 10 years to document incident diabetes. They were assessed for daily PM<sub>2.5</sub> exposure in 2005. Multivariate Cox regression models were used to examine the association of PM<sub>2.5</sub> exposure with incident diabetes and interactive effect between PM<sub>2.5</sub> and smoking on incident diabetes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During the cohort follow-up, 176 participants developed diabetes. The incidence of diabetes increased with PM<sub>2.5</sub> exposure; the multiple-adjusted hazard ratio (HR) of diabetes was 2.27 (95 % CI 1.36-3.77) in participants with PM<sub>2.5</sub> at ≥62.0 μg/m<sup>3</sup> compared to those at <62.0 μg/m<sup>3</sup>. There was a significant interaction effect of PM<sub>2.5</sub> with smoking on increased risk of diabetes. The adjusted HR for participants exposed to PM<sub>2.5</sub> levels ≥62.0 μg/m<sup>3</sup> who smoked was 4.39 (95 % CI 1.72-11.21), while for non-smokers it was 1.65 (95 % CI 0.88-3.09), compared to those at <62.0 μg/m<sup>3</sup>.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Exposure to PM<sub>2.5</sub> in old age was associated with an increased incidence of diabetes and smoking enhanced the impact of PM<sub>2.5</sub> on diabetic risk. These findings underscore the urgent need for air quality improvement measures and smoking cessation programs to mitigate the risk of diabetes in aging populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":8,"journal":{"name":"ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.4000,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering","FirstCategoryId":"5","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.175219","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2024/8/2 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"MATERIALS SCIENCE, BIOMATERIALS","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Purpose: To determine the impact of PM2.5 exposure in old age and its interactive effect with smoking on incident diabetes.
Methods: A total of 2766 participants aged ≥60 years in China were interviewed at baseline for disease risk factors in 2001-03 and were then followed up for 10 years to document incident diabetes. They were assessed for daily PM2.5 exposure in 2005. Multivariate Cox regression models were used to examine the association of PM2.5 exposure with incident diabetes and interactive effect between PM2.5 and smoking on incident diabetes.
Results: During the cohort follow-up, 176 participants developed diabetes. The incidence of diabetes increased with PM2.5 exposure; the multiple-adjusted hazard ratio (HR) of diabetes was 2.27 (95 % CI 1.36-3.77) in participants with PM2.5 at ≥62.0 μg/m3 compared to those at <62.0 μg/m3. There was a significant interaction effect of PM2.5 with smoking on increased risk of diabetes. The adjusted HR for participants exposed to PM2.5 levels ≥62.0 μg/m3 who smoked was 4.39 (95 % CI 1.72-11.21), while for non-smokers it was 1.65 (95 % CI 0.88-3.09), compared to those at <62.0 μg/m3.
Conclusions: Exposure to PM2.5 in old age was associated with an increased incidence of diabetes and smoking enhanced the impact of PM2.5 on diabetic risk. These findings underscore the urgent need for air quality improvement measures and smoking cessation programs to mitigate the risk of diabetes in aging populations.
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ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering is the leading journal in the field of biomaterials, serving as an international forum for publishing cutting-edge research and innovative ideas on a broad range of topics:
Applications and Health – implantable tissues and devices, prosthesis, health risks, toxicology
Bio-interactions and Bio-compatibility – material-biology interactions, chemical/morphological/structural communication, mechanobiology, signaling and biological responses, immuno-engineering, calcification, coatings, corrosion and degradation of biomaterials and devices, biophysical regulation of cell functions
Characterization, Synthesis, and Modification – new biomaterials, bioinspired and biomimetic approaches to biomaterials, exploiting structural hierarchy and architectural control, combinatorial strategies for biomaterials discovery, genetic biomaterials design, synthetic biology, new composite systems, bionics, polymer synthesis
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Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine – basic and applied studies, cell therapies, scaffolds, vascularization, bioartificial organs, transplantation and functionality, cellular agriculture
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