Intermittent drought adversely impacts monogenic resistance of rice to the blast pathogen Magnaporthe oryzae and is associated with alteration in histone acetylation

IF 3.9 2区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY Plant and Soil Pub Date : 2024-08-05 DOI:10.1007/s11104-024-06884-4

Jhumishree Meher, Srikanta Lenka, Umapathy Keerthana, Susheel N. Chaurasia, Ankita Sarkar, Birinchi Kumar Sarma

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Abstract

Aims

Climate change is affecting rainfall patterns causing intermittent drought stress to rainfed rice. It is poorly understood how intermittent drought impacts the blast of rice incited by Magnaporthe oryzae.

Methods

The impact of intermittent drought on virulence factors of Magnaporthe oryzae and defense responses in blast resistant (C101A51 and Tetep), susceptible (HR-12) and drought-tolerant (Vandana) rice cultivars was analyzed in stress overlapped conditions. Transcript accumulation of rice defense genes, histone acetyltransferases (OsHATs) and pathogenesis-associated genes of M. oryzae was recorded and histone acetylation at H3K9 and H4K5 was assessed through western blotting.

Results

Predisposition to intermittent drought favored blast development in all rice cultivars. Higher blast resistance in C101A51 is linked to enhanced histone acetylation at H3K9 compared to Tetep. However, intermittent drought predisposition caused partial breakdown of blast resistance due to reduced OsHAT activities that led to reduced histone acetylation at H3K9. ABA signaling was predominant in drought predisposed and M. oryzae challenged plants compared to SA signaling in only M. oryzae challenged plants. Interestingly, pathogenesis-associated genes (chitin synthases, chitin deacetylases, appressorium formation) of M. oryzae were highly expressed in the drought predisposed plants compared to only M. oryzae challenged plants.

Conclusions

Intermittent drought induces vulnerability of rice to blast disease. Vulnerability of rice to the pathogen in drought predisposed conditions is attributed to reduced activities of the histone acetyltransferases (OsHATs), masking of SA-signaling by ABA-signaling as well as enhanced activities of pathogenesis-associated genes in M. oryzae.

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间歇性干旱对水稻对稻瘟病病原体 Magnaporthe oryzae 的单基因抗性产生不利影响，并与组蛋白乙酰化的改变有关

目的气候变化正在影响降雨模式，导致雨养水稻遭受间歇性干旱胁迫。方法在胁迫重叠条件下分析了间歇性干旱对稻瘟病抗性水稻品种（C101A51 和 Tetep）、易感水稻品种（HR-12）和耐旱水稻品种（Vandana）中稻瘟病棒状孢霉（Magnaporthe oryzae）毒力因子和防御反应的影响。记录了水稻防御基因、组蛋白乙酰转移酶（OsHATs）和 M. oryzae 的致病相关基因的转录本积累，并通过 Western 印迹技术评估了 H3K9 和 H4K5 的组蛋白乙酰化情况。与 Tetep 相比，C101A51 更强的抗稻瘟病能力与 H3K9 处组蛋白乙酰化增强有关。然而，由于 OsHAT 活性降低导致 H3K9 处组蛋白乙酰化减少，间歇性干旱导致稻瘟病抗性部分崩溃。在易受干旱影响的植株和受 M. oryzae 挑战的植株中，ABA 信号转导占主导地位，而在仅受 M. oryzae 挑战的植株中，SA 信号转导占主导地位。有趣的是，与仅受 M. oryzae 挑战的植株相比，M. oryzae 的致病相关基因（几丁质合成酶、几丁质脱乙酰酶、附着体形成）在易受干旱影响的植株中高表达。水稻在干旱条件下易受病原菌侵害的原因是组蛋白乙酰转移酶（OsHATs）活性降低、ABA 信号掩盖了 SA 信号以及 M. oryzae 的致病相关基因活性增强。

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来源期刊

Plant and Soil 农林科学-农艺学

CiteScore

8.20

自引率

8.20%

发文量

543

审稿时长

2.5 months

期刊介绍： Plant and Soil publishes original papers and review articles exploring the interface of plant biology and soil sciences, and that enhance our mechanistic understanding of plant-soil interactions. We focus on the interface of plant biology and soil sciences, and seek those manuscripts with a strong mechanistic component which develop and test hypotheses aimed at understanding underlying mechanisms of plant-soil interactions. Manuscripts can include both fundamental and applied aspects of mineral nutrition, plant water relations, symbiotic and pathogenic plant-microbe interactions, root anatomy and morphology, soil biology, ecology, agrochemistry and agrophysics, as long as they are hypothesis-driven and enhance our mechanistic understanding. Articles including a major molecular or modelling component also fall within the scope of the journal. All contributions appear in the English language, with consistent spelling, using either American or British English.