Qiu Fang, Shiwei Xu, Xuechao Sha, Di Liu, Xiao Zhang, Weiping Li, Suting Weng, Xiaoyun Li, Liquan Chen, Hong Li, Bo Wang, Zhaoxiang Wang and Xuefeng Wang
{"title":"Interfacial degradation of silicon anodes in pouch cells†","authors":"Qiu Fang, Shiwei Xu, Xuechao Sha, Di Liu, Xiao Zhang, Weiping Li, Suting Weng, Xiaoyun Li, Liquan Chen, Hong Li, Bo Wang, Zhaoxiang Wang and Xuefeng Wang","doi":"10.1039/D4EE01755B","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p >The practical application of silicon (Si) anodes in the next-generation high-energy lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) is largely hindered by their capacity loss due to the formation of a solid electrolyte interphase (SEI). Although much work has been carried out to investigate the interfacial evolution of Si, most of them focused on nanostructured Si cycled in coin cells or customer-designed cells, whose working conditions are far from practical usage. Herein, the capacity degradation mechanism and associated interfacial evolution of the micro-sized Si particles cycled in pouch cells are uncovered through multi-scale imaging and spectroscopy techniques, especially cryogenic electron microscopy (cryo-EM). The results show that the surface of Si particles is gradually corroded by the electrolyte, forming a thick (up to 2.5 μm after 300 cycles) and porous SEI rich in organic carbonates and Li<small><sub><em>x</em></sub></small>SiO<small><sub><em>y</em></sub></small>. After profiling the nanostructure and chemical distribution across it, the porosity of the SEI is determined to be ∼53.5% and thus a bottom-up SEI growth mechanism is proposed. To achieve a dense and stable SEI, an elastic SEI with a crosslinking network is used to enhance the interfacial stability of the Si anode. Our findings not only reveal the underlying failure mechanism of the Si anode beneficial for its practical applications but also provide a comprehensive understanding of dynamic interfacial evolution enlightening for future interfacial design to achieve high-performance batteries.</p>","PeriodicalId":72,"journal":{"name":"Energy & Environmental Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":32.4000,"publicationDate":"2024-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Energy & Environmental Science","FirstCategoryId":"88","ListUrlMain":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2024/ee/d4ee01755b","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
The practical application of silicon (Si) anodes in the next-generation high-energy lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) is largely hindered by their capacity loss due to the formation of a solid electrolyte interphase (SEI). Although much work has been carried out to investigate the interfacial evolution of Si, most of them focused on nanostructured Si cycled in coin cells or customer-designed cells, whose working conditions are far from practical usage. Herein, the capacity degradation mechanism and associated interfacial evolution of the micro-sized Si particles cycled in pouch cells are uncovered through multi-scale imaging and spectroscopy techniques, especially cryogenic electron microscopy (cryo-EM). The results show that the surface of Si particles is gradually corroded by the electrolyte, forming a thick (up to 2.5 μm after 300 cycles) and porous SEI rich in organic carbonates and LixSiOy. After profiling the nanostructure and chemical distribution across it, the porosity of the SEI is determined to be ∼53.5% and thus a bottom-up SEI growth mechanism is proposed. To achieve a dense and stable SEI, an elastic SEI with a crosslinking network is used to enhance the interfacial stability of the Si anode. Our findings not only reveal the underlying failure mechanism of the Si anode beneficial for its practical applications but also provide a comprehensive understanding of dynamic interfacial evolution enlightening for future interfacial design to achieve high-performance batteries.
期刊介绍:
Energy & Environmental Science, a peer-reviewed scientific journal, publishes original research and review articles covering interdisciplinary topics in the (bio)chemical and (bio)physical sciences, as well as chemical engineering disciplines. Published monthly by the Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC), a not-for-profit publisher, Energy & Environmental Science is recognized as a leading journal. It boasts an impressive impact factor of 8.500 as of 2009, ranking 8th among 140 journals in the category "Chemistry, Multidisciplinary," second among 71 journals in "Energy & Fuels," second among 128 journals in "Engineering, Chemical," and first among 181 scientific journals in "Environmental Sciences."
Energy & Environmental Science publishes various types of articles, including Research Papers (original scientific work), Review Articles, Perspectives, and Minireviews (feature review-type articles of broad interest), Communications (original scientific work of an urgent nature), Opinions (personal, often speculative viewpoints or hypotheses on current topics), and Analysis Articles (in-depth examination of energy-related issues).