Energy & Environmental Science最新文献

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Suppressed Non-Radiative Loss and Efficient Hole Transfer at Small Highest Occupied Molecular Orbital Offset Enables 19.73% Efficiency Binary Organic Solar Cells with Small Efficiency-Cost Gap 在最高占位分子轨道偏移较小的情况下抑制非辐射损耗和高效空穴传输，实现效率高达 19.73% 的二元有机太阳能电池，且效率-成本差距较小

IF 32.5 1区材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Energy & Environmental Science

Pub Date : 2024-11-15 DOI: 10.1039/d4ee03000a

Xiaolei Kong, Nana Yang, Xixi Zhang, Jinyuan Zhang, Zhenyu Li, Xinrui Li, Yilei Wu, Rui Sun, Jing Li, Aoxiang Li, Jie Min, Guang Yang, Chenkai Sun

Suppressing energy/voltage loss and realizing efficient charge transfer at small frontier molecular orbital oﬀsets between donor and acceptor is viable to simultaneously improve open-circuit voltage (Voc) and short-circuit current (Jsc), and thus power conversion efficiency (PCE) of organic solar cells (OSCs). Here, two A-DA’D-A type acceptors, PEH-F and TEH-F, are designed and synthesized with different conjugated outer side chains, to pursue high-efficiency and cost-effective OSCs for industrialization. In comparison with TEH-F (thienyl outer side chain), PEH-F with phenyl outer side chains delivers up-shifted frontier energy levels, wider optical bandgap, and higher absorption coefficient. By adopting low-cost polymer PTQ11 as donor, the PEH-F-based device realizes low energy loss of 0.511 eV with suppressed non-radiative loss of only 0.182 eV, and exhibits efficient exciton dissociation and hole transfer even at an extremely small highest occupied molecular orbital offset of 0.06 eV. Eventually, the PTQ11:PEH-F-based binary device demonstrates a superior PCE of 19.73 % with high Voc and Jsc simultaneously, which is the highest PCE to date for OSCs based on low-cost polymer donors. More importantly, this device shows small efficiency-cost gap for industrialization with the estimated minimum sustainable price (MSP) of 0.35 $ Wp-1, which is dramatically lower than other reported high-performance OSCs.

抑制能量/电压损耗并在供体和受体之间的小前沿分子轨道设置上实现高效电荷转移，对于同时提高有机太阳能电池（OSC）的开路电压（Voc）和短路电流（Jsc），进而提高其功率转换效率（PCE）是可行的。本文设计并合成了两种具有不同共轭外侧链的 A-DA'D-A 型受体 PEH-F 和 TEH-F，以追求高效率、高性价比的有机太阳能电池，并将其产业化。与外侧链为噻吩基的 TEH-F 相比，外侧链为苯基的 PEH-F 具有上移的前沿能级、更宽的光带隙和更高的吸收系数。通过采用低成本聚合物 PTQ11 作为供体，基于 PEH-F 的器件实现了 0.511 eV 的低能量损耗，非辐射损耗仅为 0.182 eV，即使在 0.06 eV 的极小最高占据分子轨道偏移下也能实现高效的激子解离和空穴传输。最终，基于 PTQ11:PEH-F 的二元器件实现了 19.73 % 的优异 PCE，同时具有较高的 Voc 和 Jsc，这是迄今为止基于低成本聚合物供体的 OSCs 的最高 PCE。更重要的是，该器件在工业化方面的效率-成本差距较小，估计最低可持续价格（MSP）为 0.35 美元 Wp-1，大大低于其他已报道的高性能 OSC。

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引用次数: 0

Binary all-polymer solar cells with 19.30% efficiency enabled by bromodibenzothiophene-based solid additive 基于溴二苯并噻吩的固体添加剂使二元全聚合物太阳能电池的效率达到 19.30

IF 32.5 1区材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Energy & Environmental Science

Pub Date : 2024-11-15 DOI: 10.1039/d4ee02978j

Yanming Sun, Haisheng Ma, Jiali Song, Jia-Wei Qiao, Bingyu Han, Qianqian Wang, Min Hun Jee, Laju Bu, Donghui Wei, Han Young Woo, Xiao-Tao Hao

All-polymer solar cells (all-PSCs) are thought to be the most promising candidate for the practical application of organic solar cells (OSCs). However, the efficiencies of all-PSCs remains lower than those of small molecule acceptor (SMA)-based OSCs due to their unfavorable active-layer morphology. The complicated molecular interaction and aggregation behavior involved in all-polymer blends make it highly challenging to achieve optimal morphology. Herein, two volatile solid additives named dibenzothiophene (DBTP) and 4-bromodibenzothiophene (4-BDBTP) were developed to finely modulate the morphology of all-PSCs. We clarify that the subtle bromine substitution enables 4-BDBTP to form enhanced intermolecular interactions with the host material, which is beneficial to controlling the molecular aggregation and crystallization, thus facilitating the formation of more ordered molecular stacking and well-defined fibril networks in the all-polymer blend. As a result, the 4-BDBTP-treated-PM6:PY-DT all-PSC achieved a high efficiency of 19.30% (certified as 18.82%). Moreover, two other all-polymer systems validate the broad applicability of 4-BDBTP, and these devices all showed enhanced efficiencies. Our work demonstrates the promising role of solid additive on regulating molecular aggregation and packing in all-polymer blends, offering valuable insight into fabricating high-performance all-PSCs.

全聚合物太阳能电池（all-PSCs）被认为是有机太阳能电池（OSCs）实际应用中最有希望的候选材料。然而，由于活性层形态不佳，全聚合物太阳能电池的效率仍然低于基于小分子受体（SMA）的有机太阳能电池。全聚合物共混物中涉及复杂的分子相互作用和聚集行为，这使得实现最佳形态极具挑战性。在此，我们开发了两种名为二苯并噻吩（DBTP）和 4-溴二苯并噻吩（4-BDBTP）的挥发性固体添加剂，用于精细调节全聚苯乙烯晶体管的形态。我们阐明了微妙的溴取代使 4-BDBTP 与宿主材料形成更强的分子间相互作用，这有利于控制分子聚集和结晶，从而促进在全聚合物共混物中形成更有序的分子堆积和清晰的纤维网络。因此，经 4-BDBTP 处理的-PM6:PY-DT 全聚合物聚苯乙烯的效率高达 19.30%（经认证为 18.82%）。此外，另外两个全聚合物系统也验证了 4-BDBTP 的广泛适用性，这些器件都显示出更高的效率。我们的工作证明了固体添加剂在调节全聚合物共混物分子聚集和堆积方面的良好作用，为制造高性能全聚苯乙烯电池提供了宝贵的见解。

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引用次数: 0

Improving upon rechargeable battery technologies: On the role of high-entropy effects 改进充电电池技术：高熵效应的作用

IF 32.5 1区材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Energy & Environmental Science

Pub Date : 2024-11-15 DOI: 10.1039/d4ee03708a

Zihao Zhou, Yuan Ma, Torsten Brezesinski, Ben Breitung, Yuping Wu, Yanjiao Ma

In recent years, high-entropy methods have garnered significant attention in the field of energy-storage applications, particularly in rechargeable batteries. Specifically, they can impart materials with unique structures and customized properties, thereby showcasing new attributes and application potential. In this review, we describe the various influences that the high-entropy concept exert on electrochemical performance of materials. We begin by introducing the concept and the basic effects, namely structural stabilization, lattice distortion, high defect density, and cocktail effects. Then, we provide a comprehensive overview of the fundamental advantages of high entropy or compositional/occupational disorder in battery materials design, including anodes, cathodes, and electrolytes. The summary of these effects is crucial for understanding how entropy affects the electrochemical properties of materials (redox activity, cyclability, etc.). Additionally, we outline the challenges encountered in this area of research and discuss the critical factors for rationally designing novel electrode materials, as well as the potential future directions for high-entropy strategies in the field of electrochemical energy storage.

近年来，高熵方法在储能应用领域，尤其是可充电电池领域备受关注。具体来说，高熵方法可以赋予材料独特的结构和定制的特性，从而展示出新的属性和应用潜力。在本综述中，我们将介绍高熵概念对材料电化学性能的各种影响。我们首先介绍了高熵概念和基本效应，即结构稳定、晶格畸变、高缺陷密度和鸡尾酒效应。然后，我们全面概述了高熵或成分/占位紊乱在电池材料设计（包括阳极、阴极和电解质）中的基本优势。总结这些效应对于理解熵如何影响材料的电化学特性（氧化还原活性、可循环性等）至关重要。此外，我们还概述了这一研究领域遇到的挑战，讨论了合理设计新型电极材料的关键因素，以及电化学储能领域高熵策略的潜在未来发展方向。

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引用次数: 0

Payback trade-offs from the electrolyte design between energy efficiency and lifespan in zinc-ion batteries 锌离子电池电解质设计在能效和寿命之间的回报权衡

IF 32.5 1区材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Energy & Environmental Science

Pub Date : 2024-11-15 DOI: 10.1039/d4ee03483j

Xuan Gao, Haobo Dong, Chang Su, Yuhang Dai, Yiyang Liu, Ivan P. Parkin, Claire J Carmalt, Guanjie He

Aqueous zinc ion batteries (AZIBs) present a transformative avenue in electrochemical energy storage technologies, leveraging zinc anodes and aqueous electrolytes for safety and cost-effectiveness. The primary challenge of mitigating zinc dendrite formation in these batteries is addressed through electrolyte strategies, focusing on reducing water activities. Despite advancements in extending cycle life, a trade-off emerges between enhanced cycling performances and increased polarization, impacting energy efficiency. This often-overlooked concern becomes crucial when considering the payback period in energy storage systems. Experimental data illustrate the intricate relationship among electrolyte modifications, polarization, cycle life, and energy efficiency. The economic implications are scrutinized, emphasizing the need for a balanced approach in the electrolyte development to optimize service life without compromising energy efficiency. Striking this balance is imperative for the economic viability and environmental efficacy of AZIBs in sustainable energy storage solutions.

锌离子水电池（AZIBs）利用锌阳极和水电解质实现了安全性和成本效益，为电化学储能技术提供了一条变革之路。在这些电池中，缓解锌枝晶形成的主要挑战是通过电解质策略来解决的，重点是降低水活性。尽管在延长循环寿命方面取得了进步，但在提高循环性能和增加极化之间出现了权衡，从而影响了能源效率。在考虑储能系统的投资回收期时，这个经常被忽视的问题变得至关重要。实验数据说明了电解质改性、极化、循环寿命和能源效率之间错综复杂的关系。对其经济影响进行了仔细研究，强调在开发电解质时需要采用平衡的方法，在不影响能效的情况下优化使用寿命。要想在可持续储能解决方案中实现 AZIB 的经济可行性和环境效益，就必须实现这种平衡。

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引用次数: 0

23.2% efficient low band gap perovskite solar cells with cyanogen management 采用氰基管理的 23.2% 高效低带隙过氧化物太阳能电池

IF 32.5 1区材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Energy & Environmental Science

Pub Date : 2024-11-14 DOI: 10.1039/d4ee03001j

Hashini Perera, Thomas Webb, Yuliang Xu, Jingwei Zhu, Yundong Zhou, Gustavo Trindade, Mateus Gallucci Masteghin, Steven P. Harvey, Sandra Jenatsch, Linjie Dai, Sanjayan Sathasivam, Tom Macdonald, Steven Hinder, Yunlong Zhao, Samuel D Stranks, Dewei Zhao, Wei Zhang, Imalka Jayawardena, Saif Ahmed Haque, S. Ravi P. Silva

Managing iodine formation is crucial for realising efficient and stable perovskite photovoltaics. Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) is a widely adopted hole transport material, particularly for perovskite solar cells (PSCs). However, Improving the performance and stability of PEDOT:PSS based perovskite optoelectronics remains a key challenge. We show that amine-containing organic cations de-dope PEDOT:PSS, causing performance loss, which is partially recovered with thiocyanate additives. However, this comes at the expense of device stability due to cyanogen formation from thiocyanate-iodine interaction which is accelerated in the presence of moisture. To mitigate this degradation pathway, we incorporate an iodine reductant in lead-tin PSCs. The resulting devices show an improved power conversion efficiency of 23.2% which is among the highest reported for lead-tin PSCs, and ~66% enhancement for the T_S80 lifetime under maximum power point tracking in ambient conditions. These findings offer insights for designing next-generation hole extraction materials for more efficient and stable PSCs.

管理碘的形成对于实现高效稳定的过氧化物太阳能电池至关重要。聚(3,4-亚乙二氧基噻吩)聚苯乙烯磺酸盐（PEDOT:PSS）是一种广泛采用的空穴传输材料，尤其适用于包晶体太阳能电池（PSC）。然而，提高基于 PEDOT:PSS 的包晶体光电子学的性能和稳定性仍然是一个关键挑战。我们的研究表明，含胺有机阳离子会使 PEDOT:PSS 去掺杂，从而导致性能损失，而硫氰酸盐添加剂可部分弥补这种损失。然而，这是以牺牲器件稳定性为代价的，因为硫氰酸盐-碘相互作用会形成氰基，而在潮湿环境中会加速氰基的形成。为了减少这种降解途径，我们在铅锡 PSC 中加入了碘还原剂。由此产生的器件的功率转换效率提高了 23.2%，是已报道的铅锡 PSC 器件中最高的，而且在环境条件下的最大功率点跟踪条件下，TS80 的寿命提高了约 66%。这些发现为设计更高效、更稳定的下一代孔提取材料提供了启示。

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引用次数: 0

Dedicated centres and multinational platforms to improve patient care and address early-onset cancers 建立专门的中心和多国平台，以改善患者护理并解决早发癌症问题

IF 78.5 1区材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Energy & Environmental Science

Pub Date : 2024-11-11 DOI: 10.1038/s41568-024-00777-5

Irit Ben-Aharon, Elizabeth Smyth, Anna D. Wagner

The incidence of early-onset cancers has increased by approximately 80% over the past three decades. These patients have unique needs. For optimal care, designated OncoYoung programs should be created. In addition, multinational platforms with dedicated funding are necessary to investigate the aetiology of early-onset cancers and develop preventive measures. In this Comment, Ben-Aharon et al. advocate for the creation of designated OncoYoung programs to address the unique needs of individuals with early-onset cancer, as well as multinational platforms with dedicated funding to investigate the aetiology of this disease and to develop preventive measures.

在过去三十年里，早发性癌症的发病率增加了约 80%。这些患者有着独特的需求。为了提供最佳治疗，应设立指定的肿瘤青年计划。此外，有必要建立拥有专项资金的跨国平台，以研究早发性癌症的病因并制定预防措施。在这篇评论中，Ben-Aharon 等人主张建立指定的肿瘤青年计划，以满足早发性癌症患者的独特需求，并建立具有专项资金的跨国平台，以研究这种疾病的病因并制定预防措施。

引用次数: 0

Genetic and epigenetic bases of long-term adverse effects of childhood cancer therapy 儿童癌症治疗长期不良影响的遗传学和表观遗传学基础

IF 78.5 1区材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Energy & Environmental Science

Pub Date : 2024-11-07 DOI: 10.1038/s41568-024-00768-6

Zhaoming Wang, Jinghui Zhang

Over the past decade, genome-scale molecular profiling of large childhood cancer survivorship cohorts has led to unprecedented advances in our understanding of the genetic and epigenetic bases of therapy-related adverse health outcomes in this vulnerable population. To facilitate the integration of knowledge generated from these studies into formulating next-generation precision care for survivors of childhood cancer, we summarize key findings of genetic and epigenetic association studies of long-term therapy-related adverse effects including subsequent neoplasms and cardiomyopathies among others. We also discuss therapy-related genotoxicities including clonal haematopoiesis and DNA methylation, which may underlie accelerated molecular ageing. Finally, we highlight enhanced risk prediction models for survivors of childhood cancer that incorporate both genetic factors and treatment exposures, aiming to achieve enhanced accuracy in predicting risks for this population. These new insights will hopefully inspire future studies that harness both expanding omics resources and evolving data science methodology to accelerate the translation of precision medicine for survivors of childhood cancer.

在过去的十年中，对大型儿童癌症幸存者队列进行基因组规模的分子分析，使我们对这一弱势群体中与治疗相关的不良健康后果的遗传和表观遗传基础的了解取得了前所未有的进展。为了便于将这些研究中获得的知识整合到为儿童癌症幸存者制定的下一代精准治疗中，我们总结了与长期治疗相关的不良反应（包括继发性肿瘤和心肌病等）的遗传和表观遗传关联研究的主要发现。我们还讨论了与治疗相关的基因毒性，包括克隆性造血和 DNA 甲基化，这可能是加速分子老化的原因。最后，我们重点介绍了针对儿童癌症幸存者的增强型风险预测模型，该模型结合了遗传因素和治疗暴露，旨在提高预测该人群风险的准确性。希望这些新见解能启发未来的研究，利用不断扩大的组学资源和不断发展的数据科学方法，加快精准医疗在儿童癌症幸存者中的应用。

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引用次数: 0

Developing multiple EGFR-mutant lung cancers 出现多种表皮生长因子受体突变肺癌

IF 78.5 1区材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Energy & Environmental Science

Pub Date : 2024-11-06 DOI: 10.1038/s41568-024-00773-9

Daniela Senft

The occurrence of multiple independent tumours in patients with EGFR-mutant lung cancer was unexplained. A recent study in Nature Cancer identified distinct genetic predisposition mechanisms, including developmental mosaicism and germline EGFR variants, that contribute to the formation of multiple primary tumours.

表皮生长因子受体突变型肺癌患者出现多个独立肿瘤的原因不明。最近发表在《自然-癌症》（Nature Cancer）杂志上的一项研究确定了不同的遗传易感机制，包括发育嵌合和种系表皮生长因子受体变异，这些都是形成多个原发性肿瘤的原因。

引用次数: 0

Fanconi anaemia pathway induces chromosome shattering 范可尼贫血症通路诱导染色体破碎

IF 78.5 1区材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Energy & Environmental Science

Pub Date : 2024-11-06 DOI: 10.1038/s41568-024-00774-8

Gabrielle Brewer

Engel et al. conducted a genetic screen in which they identified the Fanconi anaemia (FA) pathway as a driver of chromothripsis, complex genomic rearrangements and generation of extrachromosomal DNA.

Engel 等人进行了基因筛选，发现范可尼贫血症（FA）通路是染色体三分裂、复杂基因组重排和染色体外 DNA 生成的驱动因素。

引用次数: 0

Author Correction: The importance of 3D fibre architecture in cancer and implications for biomaterial model design 作者更正：三维纤维结构在癌症中的重要性及其对生物材料模型设计的影响

IF 78.5 1区材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Energy & Environmental Science

Pub Date : 2024-11-04 DOI: 10.1038/s41568-024-00776-6

Jennifer C. Ashworth, Thomas R. Cox

Correction to: Nature Reviews Cancer https://doi.org/10.1038/s41568-024-00704-8, published online 17 June 2024.

更正为Nature Reviews Cancer https://doi.org/10.1038/s41568-024-00704-8，2024 年 6 月 17 日在线发表。

引用次数: 0

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