Qingxu Ma, Ruiqi Yao, Xiu Liu, Sheng Tang, Wankun Pan, Jingjie Zhou, Lianghuan Wu, Davey L. Jones
{"title":"Effect of elements availability on the decomposition and utilization of S-containing amino acids by microorganisms in soil and soil solutions","authors":"Qingxu Ma, Ruiqi Yao, Xiu Liu, Sheng Tang, Wankun Pan, Jingjie Zhou, Lianghuan Wu, Davey L. Jones","doi":"10.1007/s11104-024-06864-8","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Background</h3><p>Sulfur-containing amino acids, methionine (Met) and cysteine (Cys), are important components of soil-soluble organic S and N. The effects of elemental availability and microbial density (soil or soil solution) on amino acid decomposition remain unclear.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>We traced the decomposition and utilization of Met and Cys by microorganisms in soil and soil solutions using <sup>14</sup>C, <sup>15</sup>N, and <sup>35</sup>S labelling. Further, how microbial keep its stoichiometric homeostasis after uptake Cys and Met under various element availability was also explored.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>Low concentrations of Met and Cys (50 µM) can be decomposed by microorganisms in both soil and soil solutions rapidly. In soil, Met and Cys undergo three steps: uptake into microorganisms (38.4% for Cys; 56.9% for Met at 2 min), the release of CO<sub>2</sub>, NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>, and SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2−</sup>, and the re-utilization of inorganic ions. In the soil solution, the Met and Cys were also decomposed rapidly, while the produced inorganic ions were not utilized by microorganisms, which may be due to the limited amounts of microorganisms. The Cys and Met uptake process instantly occurred and was driven by microbial carbon demand in both soil and soil solution. The microbial N and S demand regulated the re-utilization process of released inorganic ions. Soil microbes balance their S, N, and C after uptake of Met and Cys, however, this balance was disturbed by high S addition, unlike additional C or N, which may be due to the lower demand of S.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusions</h3><p>Low-demand elements might regulate soil microbial stoichiometry balance, and a specific fertilization strategy that balanced the high- and low-demand elements can enhance nutrients use efficiency.</p>","PeriodicalId":20223,"journal":{"name":"Plant and Soil","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9000,"publicationDate":"2024-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Plant and Soil","FirstCategoryId":"97","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-024-06864-8","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"AGRONOMY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Background
Sulfur-containing amino acids, methionine (Met) and cysteine (Cys), are important components of soil-soluble organic S and N. The effects of elemental availability and microbial density (soil or soil solution) on amino acid decomposition remain unclear.
Methods
We traced the decomposition and utilization of Met and Cys by microorganisms in soil and soil solutions using 14C, 15N, and 35S labelling. Further, how microbial keep its stoichiometric homeostasis after uptake Cys and Met under various element availability was also explored.
Results
Low concentrations of Met and Cys (50 µM) can be decomposed by microorganisms in both soil and soil solutions rapidly. In soil, Met and Cys undergo three steps: uptake into microorganisms (38.4% for Cys; 56.9% for Met at 2 min), the release of CO2, NH4+, and SO42−, and the re-utilization of inorganic ions. In the soil solution, the Met and Cys were also decomposed rapidly, while the produced inorganic ions were not utilized by microorganisms, which may be due to the limited amounts of microorganisms. The Cys and Met uptake process instantly occurred and was driven by microbial carbon demand in both soil and soil solution. The microbial N and S demand regulated the re-utilization process of released inorganic ions. Soil microbes balance their S, N, and C after uptake of Met and Cys, however, this balance was disturbed by high S addition, unlike additional C or N, which may be due to the lower demand of S.
Conclusions
Low-demand elements might regulate soil microbial stoichiometry balance, and a specific fertilization strategy that balanced the high- and low-demand elements can enhance nutrients use efficiency.
期刊介绍:
Plant and Soil publishes original papers and review articles exploring the interface of plant biology and soil sciences, and that enhance our mechanistic understanding of plant-soil interactions. We focus on the interface of plant biology and soil sciences, and seek those manuscripts with a strong mechanistic component which develop and test hypotheses aimed at understanding underlying mechanisms of plant-soil interactions. Manuscripts can include both fundamental and applied aspects of mineral nutrition, plant water relations, symbiotic and pathogenic plant-microbe interactions, root anatomy and morphology, soil biology, ecology, agrochemistry and agrophysics, as long as they are hypothesis-driven and enhance our mechanistic understanding. Articles including a major molecular or modelling component also fall within the scope of the journal. All contributions appear in the English language, with consistent spelling, using either American or British English.