Acaricide effect of plants from the Brazilian savanna on a population of Rhipicephalus microplus with phenotypic resistance to cypermethrin and trichlorfon

IF 2 2区农林科学 Q2 PARASITOLOGY Veterinary parasitology Pub Date : 2024-08-03 DOI:10.1016/j.vetpar.2024.110281

Maykelin Fuentes Zaldivar , Eduardo Bastianetto , Adalberto Alves Pereira Filho , Daniel Sobreira Rodrigues , Valdo Soares Martins Júnior , Francielle Morais-Costa , Viviane Oliveira Vasconcelos , Eduardo Robson Duarte , Ricardo Nascimento Araujo

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Abstract

Rhipicephalus microplus is among the most important ectoparasites for livestock. The use of synthetic acaricides has raised some concerns due to the selection of tick populations that are resistant to acaricides and environmental contamination. Therefore, plant extracts have been used as alternatives for the treatment of animals infested with ticks. In this study, R. microplus populations from seven different dairy farms were collected and assessed for their resistance to the acaricides cypermethrin or trichlorfon. Larvae of the most resistant population were used in assays to evaluate the acaricide effect of leaf extracts from plants of the Brazilian savanna. The most active extracts were also tested against fully engorged females. Among seven tick populations, five and three showed resistance level ≥ III for cypermethrin or trichlorfon, respectively. The most resistant tick population was evaluated in mortality assays with the plants Piptadenia viridiflora, Annona crassiflora, Caryocar brasiliense, Ximenia americana, and Schinopsis brasilienses. The ethanolic extracts of C. brasiliense, X. americana and S. brasilienses showed higher larvicidal effects in comparison to the other extracts and cypermethrin. The ethanolic extract of X. americana showed 60.79 % efficacy against fully engorged females of the acaricide resistant tick strain. The ethanolic extracts of C. brasiliense, X. americana, and S. brasilienses showed peaks in HPLC-DAD, indicating the presence of tannins and flavonoids. Three of the plants showed promising results and should be explored in further studies to develop novel tools to control R. microplus in cattle.

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巴西热带稀树草原植物对具有氯氰菊酯和敌百虫表型抗性的 Rhipicephalus microplus 群体的杀螨效果。

Rhipicephalus microplus 是家畜最重要的体外寄生虫之一。由于蜱群对杀螨剂产生抗药性和环境污染，合成杀螨剂的使用引起了一些担忧。因此，植物提取物被用作治疗动物蜱虫的替代品。本研究收集了来自七个不同奶牛场的 R. microplus 种群，并评估了它们对杀螨剂氯氰菊酯或敌百虫的抗药性。抗药性最强种群的幼虫被用于评估巴西热带草原植物叶片提取物的杀螨效果。此外，还针对完全充血的雌蜱测试了最有效的提取物。在七个蜱种群中，分别有五个和三个种群对氯氰菊酯或敌百虫的抗性水平≥III。对抗性最强的蜱种群进行了死亡率评估，评估对象为 Piptadenia viridiflora、Annona crassiflora、Caryocar brasiliense、Ximenia americana 和 Schinopsis brasilienses。与其他提取物和氯氰菊酯相比，C. brasiliense、X. americana 和 S. brasilienses 的乙醇提取物显示出更高的杀幼虫剂效果。X. americana 的乙醇提取物对完全充血的抗杀螨剂蜱株雌虫有 60.79% 的杀灭效果。C.brasiliense、X. americana 和 S. brasilienses 的乙醇提取物在 HPLC-DAD 中出现峰值，表明存在单宁酸和黄酮类化合物。其中三种植物显示出良好的效果，应在进一步的研究中加以探索，以开发出控制牛身上小蜱的新型工具。

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来源期刊

Veterinary parasitology 农林科学-寄生虫学

CiteScore

5.30

自引率

7.70%

发文量

126

审稿时长

36 days

期刊介绍： The journal Veterinary Parasitology has an open access mirror journal,Veterinary Parasitology: X, sharing the same aims and scope, editorial team, submission system and rigorous peer review. This journal is concerned with those aspects of helminthology, protozoology and entomology which are of interest to animal health investigators, veterinary practitioners and others with a special interest in parasitology. Papers of the highest quality dealing with all aspects of disease prevention, pathology, treatment, epidemiology, and control of parasites in all domesticated animals, fall within the scope of the journal. Papers of geographically limited (local) interest which are not of interest to an international audience will not be accepted. Authors who submit papers based on local data will need to indicate why their paper is relevant to a broader readership. Parasitological studies on laboratory animals fall within the scope of the journal only if they provide a reasonably close model of a disease of domestic animals. Additionally the journal will consider papers relating to wildlife species where they may act as disease reservoirs to domestic animals, or as a zoonotic reservoir. Case studies considered to be unique or of specific interest to the journal, will also be considered on occasions at the Editors'' discretion. Papers dealing exclusively with the taxonomy of parasites do not fall within the scope of the journal.