Simulations of electron zebra stripes in the inner radiation belt using a composite empirical electric field model

IF 6 2区 地球科学 Q1 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Science China Earth Sciences Pub Date : 2024-08-06 DOI:10.1007/s11430-024-1336-8
Ziyang Wang, Ying Liu, Qiugang Zong, Hong Zou, Yuguang Ye, Xuzhi Zhou, Chao Yue, Shan Wang
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Abstract

The phenomenon termed “zebra stripes” manifests as regular patterns in the energy-space (L shell) spectrum of energetic electrons (ranging from tens to hundreds keV) within the inner radiation belt. These structures exhibit drift-periodic behavior and commonly arise from large-scale electric field perturbations near the substorm onsets. In this study, we introduce a composite electric field model and replicate the formation, structure, and evolution of zebra stripes using a bounce-averaged test particle code under this electric field model. High-resolution measurements of energetic electrons obtained from the Van Allen Probes and the recently launched Macao Science Satellites-1 are used as initial conditions and served to validate our test particle simulations. Comparative analyses between observed data and simulations demonstrate our test particle method’s efficacy in capturing zebra stripes’ general behavior. Moreover, the composite model proves capable of reproducing realistic variations in the electric field within the inner radiation belt to a certain extent. Nevertheless, subtle differences emerge in the flux strength and the positions of stripes. These disparities primarily stem from limitations inherent in the electric field model and the initial conditions of the simulation. Acknowledging that the model represents an average case, it is conceivable that real-world scenarios may deviate from the average, thereby introducing variations in the observed phenomena.

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利用复合经验电场模型模拟内辐射带中的电子斑马纹
被称为 "斑马纹 "的现象表现为内辐射带中高能电子(从几十到几百千伏)的能空(L 壳)频谱中的规则图案。这些结构表现出漂移周期行为,通常源于亚暴起始点附近的大尺度电场扰动。在这项研究中,我们引入了一个复合电场模型,并在该电场模型下使用反弹平均测试粒子代码复制了斑马纹的形成、结构和演化。我们将范艾伦探测器和最近发射的澳门科学卫星-1获得的高能电子高分辨率测量结果作为初始条件,用来验证我们的测试粒子模拟。观测数据与模拟结果之间的对比分析表明,我们的测试粒子方法能够有效捕捉斑马条纹的一般行为。此外,复合模型还在一定程度上再现了内辐射带电场的真实变化。尽管如此,通量强度和条纹位置还是出现了微妙的差异。这些差异主要源于电场模型和模拟初始条件的固有限制。尽管该模型代表了一种平均情况,但可以想象,现实世界中的情况可能会偏离平均值,从而使观测到的现象发生变化。
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来源期刊
Science China Earth Sciences
Science China Earth Sciences GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY-
CiteScore
9.60
自引率
5.30%
发文量
135
审稿时长
3-8 weeks
期刊介绍: Science China Earth Sciences, an academic journal cosponsored by the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the National Natural Science Foundation of China, and published by Science China Press, is committed to publishing high-quality, original results in both basic and applied research.
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