Slip Distribution Along the Chenghai Fault From Airborne LiDAR and Tectonic Implications for the 1515 Yongsheng Earthquake, China

IF 3.3 1区 地球科学 Q1 GEOCHEMISTRY & GEOPHYSICS Tectonics Pub Date : 2024-08-10 DOI:10.1029/2024tc008285
Haomin Ji, Zhikun Ren, Xiaoxiao Zhu, Mingkun Bai, Guodong Bao, Jinrui Liu, Guanghao Ha, Zhongtai He
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Abstract

The tectonic deformation of the southeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau underwent significant changes before and after the Miocene, which led to the change of the deformation characteristics of the Sichuan-Yunnan block, and some local areas in the block also showed structural patterns inconsistent with the macroscopic clockwise rotation deformation. Moreover, the Chenghai fault (CF) in the Sichuan-Yunnan block was the seismogenic fault of the M 73/4 Yongsheng earthquake in 1515. However, the dense vegetation impeded the acquisition of surface deformation characteristics and small-scale horizontal offsets along the fault, resulting in its misty kinematic properties, roughly determined geometric distribution, and the highly controversial rupture parameters of the Yongsheng earthquake. Therefore, we used airborne light detection and ranging, which can penetrate vegetation to obtain high-resolution surface topography, to map the CF within 120 km. Combined with satellite images and field investigations, we determined that the CF consists of a series of secondary faults with simple geometric structures. Continuous offset linear landforms were preserved along the fault. 102 offsets below 30 m were statistically analyzed and the result revealed that the CF has a characteristic displacement of ∼6 m and it may rupture as a united rupture segment in each large earthquake or its two rupture segments cascade rupture to generate large earthquakes. The magnitude of the Yongsheng earthquake in 1515 was estimated at 7.7. Finally, based on this study, the kinematic characteristics of the Dali terrane and Sichuan-Yunnan block, where the CF is located are discussed.
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机载激光雷达显示的澄海断层滑动分布及其对中国 1515 年永胜地震的构造影响
青藏高原东南缘的构造变形在中新世前后发生了重大变化,导致川滇块体的变形特征发生了改变,块体内的局部地区也出现了与宏观顺时针旋转变形不一致的构造形态。此外,川滇地块中的澄海断层(CF)是 1515 年 M 73/4 永胜地震的发震断层。然而,茂密的植被阻碍了对断层沿线地表变形特征和小尺度水平偏移的采集,导致其运动学特性模糊不清,几何分布大致确定,永胜地震的断裂参数也备受争议。因此,我们利用可穿透植被获取高分辨率地表地形的机载光探测和测距技术,绘制了 120 公里范围内的 CF 图。结合卫星图像和实地调查,我们确定 CF 由一系列几何结构简单的次级断层组成。断层沿线保留了连续的偏移线状地貌。我们对 102 个 30 米以下的偏移量进行了统计分析,结果表明,CF 的特征位移为 6 米,在每次大地震中,它可能作为一个联合断裂段发生破裂,或者其两个断裂段级联破裂产生大地震。1515 年永胜地震的震级估计为 7.7 级。最后,在本研究的基础上,讨论了 CF 所在的大理地层和四川-云南块体的运动学特征。
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来源期刊
Tectonics
Tectonics 地学-地球化学与地球物理
CiteScore
7.70
自引率
9.50%
发文量
151
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: Tectonics (TECT) presents original scientific contributions that describe and explain the evolution, structure, and deformation of Earth¹s lithosphere. Contributions are welcome from any relevant area of research, including field, laboratory, petrological, geochemical, geochronological, geophysical, remote-sensing, and modeling studies. Multidisciplinary studies are particularly encouraged. Tectonics welcomes studies across the range of geologic time.
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