A scalable and power efficient MAC protocol with adaptive TDMA for M2M communication

Abstract

Machine Type Communication Devices for Machine-to-Machine (M2M) communication in 5G cellular networks have issues with scalability, quality of service (QoS), collisions, and delays in data transmission. M2M connectivity has become prevalent in the Internet of Things. The suggested MAC protocol for M2M communication using adaptive TDMA was designed to be scalable and power-efficient. To address the problems of collision, quality of service and scalability in M2M communication by presenting a Power-efficient MAC switching protocol with Adaptive Time Division Multiple Access (PMAC-ATDMA). There are three phases to this: grouping, dynamic MAC switching, and time slot allocation. Optimization Technique: The usage of the adaptive k-means algorithm with the HHO method for selecting MTC heads based on their power status and proximity to enhance network efficiency and reduce collision. Hybrid MAC Protocol Design: A dynamic switching mechanism between CSMA/CA and Carrier Sense Multiple Access/Collision Avoidance Reservation Protocol (CSMA/CARP) based on network density and device activity, aiming to optimize collision handling and energy consumption. ATDMA assigns time slots that are used for data transmission based on the size of the data and QoS requirements. Traditional TDMA’s synchronization issue is solved by using the Markov chain model; this PMAC-ATDMA is simulated using a network simulator tool. Access delay, energy, collision likelihood, and successful packet transmissions are all taken into account throughout the evaluation process.