Study on the characteristics of novel fiber extracted from Foxtail palm fruits – A steps towards the sustainable development

Abstract

This study explores the properties of fibers extracted from the fruits of the Foxtail palm (FPF) and assesses their potential for advancing sustainable development. Antibacterial assays demonstrated that these fibers significantly inhibit the growth of gram-negative bacteria, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Salmonella enterica, with inhibition zones of 24 mm and 30 mm, respectively. X-ray diffraction analysis revealed a predominantly crystalline structure, which is crucial for use as reinforcing materials, showing distinct peaks at 20° and 30° diffraction angles that signify the presence of cellulose I. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy confirmed the fibers’ complex composition of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin, indicated by the presence of hydroxyl, carbonyl, and aliphatic functional groups. Scanning electron microscopy analysis showed a rough and irregular surface texture adorned with numerous microfibrils and cavities, which are beneficial for mechanical interlocking with polymer matrices. The densely arranged cellulose microfibrils, approximately 210 µm in diameter, lend the fibers high tensile strength and stiffness. Although some surface imperfections were observed, the inherent porosity of the fibers facilitates resin absorption, enhancing their reinforcement capabilities in composite materials.