{"title":"Evaluation of the shear bond strength between CAD/CAM blocks and sonic/thermoviscous bulk-fill composites with different surface treatments","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ijadhadh.2024.103805","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background/purpose</h3><p>To evaluate the shear bond strength (SBS) of nanoceramic hybrid CAD/CAM blocks with two bulk-fill composites in deep margin elevation following different surface pretreatments.</p></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><p>Forty cylindrical-shaped samples (3 mm diameter × 4 mm height) were prepared from each group of bulk-fill resin composites (BRC) (SonicFill 3/SF, VisCalor bulk/VS), and 80 samples (14.5 mm × 7.2 mm × 2 mm) were sectioned from Grandio Block. Specimens of each BRC were assigned to two subgroups, and surfaces of one group were treated with a tribochemical silica-coating. The CAD/CAM block sample surfaces were treated with Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> particles. CAD/CAM block and composite samples were luted using dual-cure universal resin-based cement (Bifix QM). Following immersion in distilled water for 24 h, the samples were divided as immediate and test groups. The test group was subjected to thermocycle (5–55 °C, 10,000 cycles). The SBS of the resin-based cement between the blocks and BRC was tested on a universal testing device until failure. Failure type was determined using a stereomicroscope. The roughening pattern was evaluated with SEM. Statistical analysis included Shapiro Wilk, Generalized Linear Models, and Fisher's Exact tests (<em>P</em> < 0.05).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>No statistically significant difference was found between the mean SBS values according to deep margin elevation materials and surface pretreatment (<em>P</em> > 0.05). Aging procedure resulted in a statistically significant difference between the mean SBS values (<em>P</em> < 0.001). While the mean SBS value was 33.7 ± 7.9 MPa in immediate group, it was calculated as 22.6 ± 6.3 MPa in test group following thermocycle.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>In terms of SBS, both bulk-fill resin composites performed similarly. Although higher SBS values were obtained with tribochemical silica-coating, the adverse effects of thermocycling on bonding could not be prevented.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":13732,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Adhesion and Adhesives","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2000,"publicationDate":"2024-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"International Journal of Adhesion and Adhesives","FirstCategoryId":"88","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0143749624001878","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Background/purpose
To evaluate the shear bond strength (SBS) of nanoceramic hybrid CAD/CAM blocks with two bulk-fill composites in deep margin elevation following different surface pretreatments.
Materials and methods
Forty cylindrical-shaped samples (3 mm diameter × 4 mm height) were prepared from each group of bulk-fill resin composites (BRC) (SonicFill 3/SF, VisCalor bulk/VS), and 80 samples (14.5 mm × 7.2 mm × 2 mm) were sectioned from Grandio Block. Specimens of each BRC were assigned to two subgroups, and surfaces of one group were treated with a tribochemical silica-coating. The CAD/CAM block sample surfaces were treated with Al2O3 particles. CAD/CAM block and composite samples were luted using dual-cure universal resin-based cement (Bifix QM). Following immersion in distilled water for 24 h, the samples were divided as immediate and test groups. The test group was subjected to thermocycle (5–55 °C, 10,000 cycles). The SBS of the resin-based cement between the blocks and BRC was tested on a universal testing device until failure. Failure type was determined using a stereomicroscope. The roughening pattern was evaluated with SEM. Statistical analysis included Shapiro Wilk, Generalized Linear Models, and Fisher's Exact tests (P < 0.05).
Results
No statistically significant difference was found between the mean SBS values according to deep margin elevation materials and surface pretreatment (P > 0.05). Aging procedure resulted in a statistically significant difference between the mean SBS values (P < 0.001). While the mean SBS value was 33.7 ± 7.9 MPa in immediate group, it was calculated as 22.6 ± 6.3 MPa in test group following thermocycle.
Conclusion
In terms of SBS, both bulk-fill resin composites performed similarly. Although higher SBS values were obtained with tribochemical silica-coating, the adverse effects of thermocycling on bonding could not be prevented.
期刊介绍：
The International Journal of Adhesion and Adhesives draws together the many aspects of the science and technology of adhesive materials, from fundamental research and development work to industrial applications. Subject areas covered include: interfacial interactions, surface chemistry, methods of testing, accumulation of test data on physical and mechanical properties, environmental effects, new adhesive materials, sealants, design of bonded joints, and manufacturing technology.
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