Contributions of Multi-Method Geophysical Survey to Archaeological Research at the Battlefield of Waterloo

IF 2.1 3区 地球科学 0 ARCHAEOLOGY Archaeological Prospection Pub Date : 2024-08-07 DOI:10.1002/arp.1952
Duncan Williams, Dominique Bosquet, Tony Pollard, Kate Welham, Stuart Eve, Philippe De Smedt
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Abstract

Archaeological prospection is continually expanding into new frontiers, examining increasingly large areas, diverse environmental contexts and varying site types. One area that has received only limited focus is historic battlefields. This paper presents results from large-scale geophysical surveys (> 100 ha) at the Napoleonic battlefield of Waterloo (1815) in Belgium, using fluxgate magnetometry and frequency-domain electromagnetic induction. Despite its international historical significance, professional archaeological research at the battlefield is still in its infancy. We demonstrate how important insights can be gained by using geophysical methods for identifying features and artefacts related to the battle and for developing an understanding of the various influences acting on the present landscape. The largest survey of its kind undertaken on a single battlefield site, this approach holds particular potential for battlefield archaeology, given the subtle and low-density nature of the sought-after targets and the extensive area of the site. Such an approach can mitigate (though not entirely resolve) challenges of resolution and scale associated with other methods of investigation. Using a representative range of examples from Waterloo, we consider successes and challenges in undertaking geophysical surveys on battlefield sites. An integrated approach that incorporates targeted sampling and other forms of ancillary data is emphasized for a more robust interpretation of noninvasive sensor data.

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多种方法地球物理勘测对滑铁卢战场考古研究的贡献
考古勘探不断拓展新的领域,考察的区域越来越大,环境背景越来越多样,遗址类型也越来越多。历史战场是一个关注度有限的领域。本文介绍了利用磁通门磁力计和频域电磁感应对比利时拿破仑时期的滑铁卢战场(1815 年)进行大规模地球物理勘测(100 公顷)的结果。尽管滑铁卢战场具有国际历史意义,但其专业考古研究仍处于起步阶段。我们展示了如何通过使用地球物理方法来识别与该战役有关的特征和文物,以及如何理解对当前景观的各种影响,从而获得重要的见解。这是在单一战场遗址上开展的规模最大的同类调查,考虑到所寻找目标的微妙性和低密度性以及遗址的广阔面积,这种方法在战场考古方面具有特殊的潜力。这种方法可以减轻(尽管不能完全解决)与其他调查方法相关的分辨率和规模方面的挑战。利用滑铁卢的一系列代表性实例,我们探讨了在战场遗址开展地球物理勘测的成功经验和挑战。我们强调了一种综合方法,其中包括有针对性的取样和其他形式的辅助数据,以便对非侵入式传感器数据进行更可靠的解释。
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来源期刊
Archaeological Prospection
Archaeological Prospection 地学-地球科学综合
CiteScore
3.90
自引率
11.10%
发文量
31
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: The scope of the Journal will be international, covering urban, rural and marine environments and the full range of underlying geology. The Journal will contain articles relating to the use of a wide range of propecting techniques, including remote sensing (airborne and satellite), geophysical (e.g. resistivity, magnetometry) and geochemical (e.g. organic markers, soil phosphate). Reports and field evaluations of new techniques will be welcomed. Contributions will be encouraged on the application of relevant software, including G.I.S. analysis, to the data derived from prospection techniques and cartographic analysis of early maps. Reports on integrated site evaluations and follow-up site investigations will be particularly encouraged. The Journal will welcome contributions, in the form of short (field) reports, on the application of prospection techniques in support of comprehensive land-use studies. The Journal will, as appropriate, contain book reviews, conference and meeting reviews, and software evaluation. All papers will be subjected to peer review.
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