{"title":"Exploring Childhood and Adolescent Obesity: A Systematic Review of Parental Influence in the Home Food Environment","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jneb.2024.05.096","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Childhood and adolescent obesity are a significant public health concern in the United States and globally. There are gaps in understanding the role of the home food environment (HFE) and parental influence in shaping children's eating habits and weight outcomes.</p></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><p>Examine the broader perspective of the HFE and its association with parenting food practices and obesity outcomes among children and adolescents.</p></div><div><h3>Study Design, Settings, Participants</h3><p>Using a systematic review approach, three databases (PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Academic Search Premier) were searched using combinations of keywords, such as “parents”, “parents feeding practice”, “parental influences”, or “parental influence on food” combined with “home food environment”, “childhood obesity”, or “adolescent obesity.” Intervention or observational study designs were included if parents implement changes at home and the HFE measures were reported by the parent, adolescent, or a researcher. The included papers are peer-reviewed, full-text articles, published in English. The PRISMA checklist guided this review.</p></div><div><h3>Measurable Outcome/Analysis</h3><p>We examined parent influence within the physical (food availability) and social (parent-child interactions) domains of HFE on children's weight outcomes. For study quality assessment, three tools from the National Institute of Health were used depending on the design.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Thirty-three relevant studies were identified, with five rated as good quality, twelve as fair, and sixteen as poor. The most studied influential factors were parental restriction, pressure to eat, and availability of food types in the home. The social domains of HFE such as eating meals together as a family, having the TV or other media off during mealtimes, and pressure to eat were all negatively associated with childhood obesity in most studies. Most studies found no association between parental influence in the physical HFE and childhood/adolescent obesity.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Targeted interventions in combating childhood obesity, focusing on the parental influence in the HFE are needed. Future research should explore bidirectional associations, multiple caregivers, and potential confounding variables to better understand the relationship between parental influence, HFE, and obesity.</p></div><div><h3>Funding</h3><p>None</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50107,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3000,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1499404624001969","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"EDUCATION, SCIENTIFIC DISCIPLINES","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Background
Childhood and adolescent obesity are a significant public health concern in the United States and globally. There are gaps in understanding the role of the home food environment (HFE) and parental influence in shaping children's eating habits and weight outcomes.
Objective
Examine the broader perspective of the HFE and its association with parenting food practices and obesity outcomes among children and adolescents.
Study Design, Settings, Participants
Using a systematic review approach, three databases (PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Academic Search Premier) were searched using combinations of keywords, such as “parents”, “parents feeding practice”, “parental influences”, or “parental influence on food” combined with “home food environment”, “childhood obesity”, or “adolescent obesity.” Intervention or observational study designs were included if parents implement changes at home and the HFE measures were reported by the parent, adolescent, or a researcher. The included papers are peer-reviewed, full-text articles, published in English. The PRISMA checklist guided this review.
Measurable Outcome/Analysis
We examined parent influence within the physical (food availability) and social (parent-child interactions) domains of HFE on children's weight outcomes. For study quality assessment, three tools from the National Institute of Health were used depending on the design.
Results
Thirty-three relevant studies were identified, with five rated as good quality, twelve as fair, and sixteen as poor. The most studied influential factors were parental restriction, pressure to eat, and availability of food types in the home. The social domains of HFE such as eating meals together as a family, having the TV or other media off during mealtimes, and pressure to eat were all negatively associated with childhood obesity in most studies. Most studies found no association between parental influence in the physical HFE and childhood/adolescent obesity.
Conclusions
Targeted interventions in combating childhood obesity, focusing on the parental influence in the HFE are needed. Future research should explore bidirectional associations, multiple caregivers, and potential confounding variables to better understand the relationship between parental influence, HFE, and obesity.
期刊介绍:
The Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior (JNEB), the official journal of the Society for Nutrition Education and Behavior, is a refereed, scientific periodical that serves as a global resource for all professionals with an interest in nutrition education; nutrition and physical activity behavior theories and intervention outcomes; complementary and alternative medicine related to nutrition behaviors; food environment; food, nutrition, and physical activity communication strategies including technology; nutrition-related economics; food safety education; and scholarship of learning related to these areas.
The purpose of JNEB is to document and disseminate original research and emerging issues and practices relevant to these areas worldwide. The Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior welcomes evidence-based manuscripts that provide new insights and useful findings related to nutrition education research, practice and policy. The content areas of JNEB reflect the diverse interests in nutrition and physical activity related to public health, nutritional sciences, education, behavioral economics, family and consumer sciences, and eHealth, including the interests of community-based nutrition-practitioners. As the Society''s official journal, JNEB also includes policy statements, issue perspectives, position papers, and member communications.