Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior最新文献

Objective: Studies of cooking interventions often state that behavioral theory was used to inform intervention development. However, to understand why interventions impact behavior change, it is crucial to understand how theory is used in the development, evaluation, and interpretation of interventions.

Design: We conducted a systematic review by searching PubMed, Scopus, and CINAHL for articles published between January, 2000 and March, 2023.

Participants: We considered studies involving adults aged > 18 years.

Variables measured: Dietary intake was the primary outcome, and cooking behavior was the secondary outcome.

Analysis: We used the Theory Coding Scheme to assess theory use. We used descriptive statistics to summarize study characteristics and outcomes of interest.

Results: We identified 7,846 unique articles; 31 met the inclusion criteria. On average, studies met less than 6 of 17 criteria from the Theory Coding Scheme. The majority (65%) of interventions had a positive impact on at least 1 measure of dietary intake. However, more than half (55%) measured cooking behavior and only 41% of these reported a positive impact on cooking behavior.

Conclusions and implications: These findings support the need for future studies to link intervention techniques with theoretical constructs and evaluate whether changes in constructs mediate improvements in dietary intake and cooking behavior.

Objective: To assess long-term changes in fathers' dietary intake and behaviors following a nutrition and physical activity program.

Methods: Mexican-heritage fathers participated in a 6-week father-focused, family-centered program implemented in a border community. Promotoras used surveys to assess dietary intake of fruits and vegetables and healthy dietary behaviors at baseline (n = 42), program completion (n = 42), short-term (3-4 months postprogram, n = 24), and long-term (2.0-2.5 years postprogram, n = 36). Linear growth models tested changes in program outcomes.

Results: Fathers' dietary intake of fruits and vegetables and healthy dietary behavior scores significantly increased across time (P < 0.05). Education level had a moderating effect on growth in vegetable intake over time (β = -0.12; P = 0.002).

Conclusions and implications: A father-focused, family-centered approach may be one way to achieve lasting healthy dietary behavior changes in Latino fathers. Future researchers may consider alternative family structures (e.g., grandparent, single-parent) in program participation.

Objective: To describe the factors that motivate emerging adults to engage in weight-related self-monitoring (WRSM) and to determine the age of initiating WRSM.

Design: Mixed-methods cross-sectional study, including quantitative survey and semi-structured interviews.

Participants: Tracking-EAT participants came from the population-based sample of Project EAT (Eating and Activity over Time); 138 participants (mean age=26.5 years; range 22-29) completed a survey, 25 of which also completed a semi-structured interview.

Main outcome measure: Internal and external motivations for WRSM and the age when participants began WRSM were assessed quantitatively. Semi-structured interviews assessed how participants were introduced to and why they used WRSM.

Analysis: Descriptive statistics for quantitative measures. Inductive thematic analysis for qualitative analyses.

Results: Participants reported internal (e.g., trying to lose weight, change body shape), external (e.g., advice from health professionals, friends/or family), and social/environmental motivations (e.g., WRSM being ubiquitous in our culture). A sense of moral obligation to strive for health contributed to participants' motivation to engage in WRSM. Participants reported self-monitoring dietary intake and weight as young as 8 years old and exercise as young as 9 years old.

Conclusions and implications: Numerous factors converge to normalize and encourage WRSM, including internal, external, and social/environmental motivations. Future research could explore how the age of introduction and motivation for use affect the health impacts of WRSM.