New explanation for oxidation-induced Cr4+ formation in garnets

Q2 Engineering Optical Materials: X Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI:10.1016/j.omx.2024.100342

M. Chaika , K. Elzbieciak-Piecka , O. Vovk , L. Marciniak

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Abstract

The demand for self-Q-switched lasers caused a growing interest in Cr⁴⁺:YAG materials. However, the main problem of Cr⁴⁺:YAG is an insufficient concentration of Cr⁴⁺ ions. This problem is complicated by the absence of the adequate model describing formation of Cr⁴⁺ ions. Analysis of the temperature dependence of Cr³⁺ luminescence in the Cr-doped YAG ceramics after different thermal treatments allows understanding the mechanism of Cr³⁺-Cr⁴⁺ valence transformation. Two types of Cr³⁺ centers with different spectroscopic properties were revealed in the Cr,Ca-doped YAG ceramics, namely, single Cr³⁺ ions, and Cr³⁺/ $[{Ca}_{C}^{'} \dots V_{O}^{\cdot}]$ couples. Using the obtained spectroscopic data, a model of formation of Cr⁴⁺ ions in YAG lattice was proposed.

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石榴石中氧化诱导 Cr4+ 形成的新解释

对自 Q 开关激光器的需求使人们对 Cr4+:YAG 材料的兴趣与日俱增。然而，Cr4+:YAG 的主要问题是 Cr4+ 离子浓度不足。由于缺乏描述 Cr4+ 离子形成的适当模型，这一问题变得更加复杂。通过分析不同热处理后掺杂 Cr 的 YAG 陶瓷中 Cr3+ 发光的温度依赖性，可以了解 Cr3+-Cr4+ 价态转变的机理。在掺杂铬、钙的 YAG 陶瓷中发现了两种具有不同光谱特性的 Cr3+ 中心，即单个 Cr3+ 离子和 Cr3+/ [CaC′...VO-] 对偶。利用获得的光谱数据，提出了在 YAG 晶格中形成 Cr4+ 离子的模型。

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