Regional differences in the grain size characteristics of surface sediments from typical barchan dunes in arid zones

IF 3.1 3区 地球科学 Q2 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL Aeolian Research Pub Date : 2024-07-22 DOI:10.1016/j.aeolia.2024.100939
Ning Jiang, Hong Cheng
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Abstract

The grain size characteristics of aeolian sediments are the combined result of sand sources, regional airflow regimes, dune morphology, etc., and are essential for understanding the formation and evolution of barchan dunes. Based on field investigations and laboratory experimental data, in this paper, we explored differences in the grain size characteristics of the surface sediments of barchan dunes at the southeastern edge of the Taklimakan Desert (TKLM-SE), the western (QB-W) and southern parts of the Qaidam Basin Desert (QB-S), the sand belt connecting the Badain Jaran Desert and the Tengger Desert (BT-B), and their responses to sand sources, dune morphology, and wind regimes. The main results were as follows: (i) The mean grian size distribution patterns of the windward slope toe to the leeward slope toe through the dune crest/ridge varied with different transects of the barchan dunes and different deserts, showing four types including gradually fining (GF), gradually coarsening (GC), coarsening followed by fining (CF), and fining followed by coarsening (FC). The patterns were GF and CF in the TKLM-SE; GF, GC, and FC in the BT-B; GF, GC, and CF in the QB-W; and GF in the QB-S. (ii) The interdune sediments provided the source material for the formation and development of barchan dunes and their grain size varied in different deserts. The interdune sediments were composed of gravel and very fine sand in the TKLM-SE, while they were composed of medium and fine sand in the QB-W, QB-S, and BT-B. (iii) The windward side of the barchans varied with different wind directions, and dune height affected dune surface airflow velocity and direction, changing the pattern of grain size distribution on the dune surface. The wind regime over a ten-day or half-month scale could explain the variance in the grain size distribution patterns better than that on an annual scale. (iv) Grain size characteristics of dune surface sands changed with dune shape due to changes in the surface airflow velocity and direction and the sediment-carrying capacity of the airflow. With an increasing ratio of dune height to dune width, the grain size of the dune crest sands became coarser. These results help advance our understanding of the grain size characteristics of barchan dunes and regional variabilities in their patterns.

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干旱地区典型巴查沙丘表层沉积物粒度特征的地区差异
风化沉积物的粒度特征是沙源、区域气流机制、沙丘形态等因素综合作用的结果,对于了解巴查沙丘的形成和演变至关重要。本文以野外调查和实验室实验数据为基础,探讨了塔克拉玛干沙漠东南边缘(TKLM-SE)、柴达木盆地沙漠西部(QB-W)和南部(QB-S)、连接巴丹吉林沙漠和腾格里沙漠的沙带(BT-B)的沙丘表层沉积物粒度特征的差异,以及它们对沙源、沙丘形态和风向的响应。主要结果如下(i) 从迎风坡坡脚到背风坡坡脚,通过沙丘峰顶/沙脊的平均粒度分布模式随不同的沙丘横断面和不同的沙漠而变化,呈现出四种类型,包括逐渐细化(GF)、逐渐粗化(GC)、粗化后细化(CF)和细化后粗化(FC)。在 TKLM-SE 中,其形态为 GF 和 CF;在 BT-B 中,其形态为 GF、GC 和 FC;在 QB-W 中,其形态为 GF、GC 和 CF;在 QB-S 中,其形态为 GF。(ii) 沙丘间沉积物是形成和发展沙丘的源材料,其粒度在不同沙漠中各不相同。沙丘间沉积物在 TKLM-SE 由砾石和极细沙组成,而在 QB-W、QB-S 和 BT-B 则由中沙和细沙组成。(iii) 沙丘的迎风面随风向的不同而变化,沙丘高度影响沙丘表面气流的速度和方向,从而改变沙丘表面的粒径分布模式。十天或半月尺度的风向比全年尺度的风向更能解释沙粒大小分布模式的差异。(iv) 沙丘表面沙粒大小的特徵會隨沙丘形狀而改變,這是由於沙丘表面氣流速度和方向,以及氣流攜帶沉積物的能力改變所致。随着沙丘高度与沙丘宽度之比的增加,沙丘顶沙的粒度变得更粗。这些结果有助于加深我们对巴钦沙丘粒度特征及其区域变化模式的理解。
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来源期刊
Aeolian Research
Aeolian Research GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL-
CiteScore
7.10
自引率
6.10%
发文量
43
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: The scope of Aeolian Research includes the following topics: • Fundamental Aeolian processes, including sand and dust entrainment, transport and deposition of sediment • Modeling and field studies of Aeolian processes • Instrumentation/measurement in the field and lab • Practical applications including environmental impacts and erosion control • Aeolian landforms, geomorphology and paleoenvironments • Dust-atmosphere/cloud interactions.
期刊最新文献
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