Harnessing the potency of eco-friendly calcium oxide derived from eggshells for enhanced photocatalytic activity and biocompatibility evaluation in HepG2 cell line

IF 3.8 Q2 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL Chemical Physics Impact Pub Date : 2024-08-05 DOI:10.1016/j.chphi.2024.100699

V. Bhuvaneshwari , S. Sonia , D. Sivaganesh

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Abstract

Efforts towards sustainable development and pollution prevention are driving the exploration of bio-Calcium oxide (CaO) production from eggshell waste. This work investigates the thermal conversion of eggshell derived CaCO₃ into CaO. Powder X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy confirm CaO composition, displaying a cubic structure with 2.405 Å bond length and a mid-bond electron density of 0.2298 e/Å³. Electron density studies corroborate this, revealing a three-dimensional distribution and one-dimensional profile. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) confirms spherical CaO particles and EDAX spectra displays the presence of calcium and oxygen. UV absorption spectra reveal a 3.3 eV energy bandgap, showcasing CaO's photocatalytic potential. It demonstrates exceptional photocatalytic against congo red and methylene blue dyes, degrading them by 96.4 % and 98 %, respectively, via pseudo first-order kinetics. Additionally, CaO demonstrates promising anticancer activity against HepG2 liver cancer cells, with an IC₅₀ value of 31.2 μg/mL, positioning it as a cost-effective and potent agent for both wastewater treatment and cancer therapy.

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利用蛋壳中提取的环保型氧化钙增强光催化活性，并在 HepG2 细胞系中进行生物相容性评估

可持续发展和防止污染的努力推动了利用蛋壳废料生产生物氧化钙（CaO）的探索。这项工作研究了将蛋壳中的 CaCO3 热转化为 CaO 的过程。粉末 X 射线衍射和傅立叶变换红外光谱证实了 CaO 的成分，显示出具有 2.405 Å 键长和 0.2298 e/Å³ 中键电子密度的立方结构。电子密度研究也证实了这一点，显示出三维分布和一维轮廓。扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和透射电子显微镜（TEM）证实了 CaO 颗粒呈球形，EDAX 光谱显示了钙和氧的存在。紫外吸收光谱显示了 3.3 eV 的能带隙，显示了 CaO 的光催化潜力。它对刚果红和亚甲基蓝染料具有优异的光催化性能，通过伪一阶动力学，分别降解了 96.4% 和 98%的染料。此外，氧化钙对 HepG2 肝癌细胞具有良好的抗癌活性，其 IC50 值为 31.2 μg/mL，使其成为废水处理和癌症治疗的一种具有成本效益的强效制剂。

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