Super-Efficiency-Malmquist Model-Based Efficiency Evaluation of Logistics Distribution Center considering Truck Traffic Restriction

Abstract

Combining the super-efficiency model based on data envelopment analysis (DEA) with the Malmquist index model, this paper evaluated the efficiency of the logistics distribution center comprehensively considering the truck traffic restriction and provided decision suggestions to improve the efficiency of the logistics distribution center. This paper takes 20 logistics distribution centers as the research objects and uses economic factors, transportation factors, quality of distribution center business activities, and quality of customer service as the primary input indicators; selects eight indicators such as construction cost, transportation cost, labor cost, road facilities, accessibility, business demand, number of laborers, and customer satisfaction as the secondary input indicators; chooses distribution time and profit as the output indicators; and measures the static efficiency of logistics distribution centers from two perspectives, including the traditional unconstrained super-efficiency model and the truck- restricted conditions, using the super-efficiency model of data envelopment analysis (DEA). The Malmquist index model was used to measure the dynamic efficiency and change trend efficiency of the logistics distribution center, and a unified and comprehensive analysis was also made. The results of the case study show that the average efficiency of the logistics distribution center in the driving and nondriving restriction area is 0.872 and 0.914, respectively, and the average efficiency in the driving restriction area is about 4.5% lower than that of the nondriving restriction area, and variance is 1.58 times of the latter. Therefore, it can be concluded that the measures of truck driving restriction have an impact on the efficiency of the logistics distribution center, and the results of the super-efficiency model with the restriction constraint have a greater impact on the logistics efficiency of the logistics distribution center than the traditional unconstrained super-efficiency model. According to the evaluation results, suggestions on reasonable assignment of labor and other resources input are put forward for logistics distribution centers in areas where driving is restricted to improve efficiency.