Trajectories of Maternal and Paternal Internalizing Symptoms from Pregnancy to 2 Years Postpartum: Identifying Modifiable Risk and Protective Factors

IF 4.7 2区 医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY Depression and Anxiety Pub Date : 2024-07-30 DOI:10.1155/2024/5164261
Lauren M. Laifer, Erin L. Ramsdell, Sara M. Stasik-O’Brien, Rachel C. B. Martin, Rebecca L. Brock
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Abstract

There is an increased risk for depression and anxiety across the perinatal period (i.e., spanning pregnancy and the first year postpartum); however, limited research has examined elevations in core negative affectivity underlying internalizing disorders more broadly. The current study sought to characterize trajectories of core internalizing problems among both mothers and fathers across the perinatal period and explored whether modifiable risk and protective factors buffered risk for elevated symptoms during this key developmental transition. A community sample of mixed-sex couples (N = 159) completed assessments during pregnancy and at four postpartum timepoints. Using growth mixture modeling, we found that 21.2% of mothers demonstrated clinical elevations in core internalizing symptoms that persisted up to 2 years postpartum. In contrast, 7.8% of fathers demonstrated clinical elevations in core internalizing symptoms across this period, with an additional 29.0% of fathers demonstrating subthreshold symptom elevations. Concerns related to pregnancy and childbirth and paternal (partner) internalizing problems during pregnancy conferred risk for elevated symptoms in mothers, whereas psychological flexibility, emotional intimacy, and the quality of received support were identified as protective factors for fathers. Results highlight the importance of repeated screening for internalizing problems and suggest that promoting a strong interparental relationship is critical for emotional health and well-being across the perinatal period.

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母亲和父亲从怀孕到产后两年的内化症状轨迹:确定可改变的风险和保护因素
在围产期(即怀孕期和产后第一年),抑郁和焦虑的风险会增加;然而,在更广泛的意义上,对作为内化障碍基础的核心消极情感的升高进行的研究却很有限。本研究试图描述母亲和父亲在围产期核心内化问题的轨迹,并探讨在这一关键的发育过渡期,可改变的风险和保护因素是否能缓冲症状升高的风险。我们对社区中的异性夫妇(N = 159)进行了抽样调查,并在孕期和产后的四个时间点完成了评估。通过使用成长混合模型,我们发现 21.2% 的母亲表现出核心内化症状的临床升高,并持续到产后 2 年。相比之下,7.8% 的父亲在此期间表现出核心内化症状的临床升高,另有 29.0% 的父亲表现出阈值以下的症状升高。与怀孕和分娩有关的担忧以及怀孕期间父亲(伴侣)的内化问题会导致母亲的症状升高,而心理灵活性、情感亲密性和所获支持的质量被认为是父亲的保护因素。研究结果凸显了反复筛查内化问题的重要性,并表明促进父母间的牢固关系对整个围产期的情绪健康和幸福至关重要。
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来源期刊
Depression and Anxiety
Depression and Anxiety 医学-精神病学
CiteScore
15.00
自引率
1.40%
发文量
81
审稿时长
4-8 weeks
期刊介绍: Depression and Anxiety is a scientific journal that focuses on the study of mood and anxiety disorders, as well as related phenomena in humans. The journal is dedicated to publishing high-quality research and review articles that contribute to the understanding and treatment of these conditions. The journal places a particular emphasis on articles that contribute to the clinical evaluation and care of individuals affected by mood and anxiety disorders. It prioritizes the publication of treatment-related research and review papers, as well as those that present novel findings that can directly impact clinical practice. The journal's goal is to advance the field by disseminating knowledge that can lead to better diagnosis, treatment, and management of these disorders, ultimately improving the quality of life for those who suffer from them.
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