Multivariate characterization of salicylic acid and potassium induced physio-biochemical and phytoremediation responses in quinoa exposed to lead and cadmium contamination
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
The levels of soils pollutants such as lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) have significantly increased recently resulting in ecological disturbances and threatening crop production. Various amendments have been employed to enhance the tolerance of crops to withstand Cd and Pb stresses. However, the role of combined application of potassium (K) and of salicylic acid (SA) for Cd and Pb stress mitigation and phytoremediation by quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd) has not been comprehended well. In the present study, the effect of 10 mM K and 0.1 mM SA was tested on the quinoa plants subjected to 250 μM Pb and/or 100 μM Cd. The Pb and Cd treatments were applied separately or together. Phytotoxicity induced by Pb and Cd resulted in drastic decrease (>60%) in chlorophyll contents, stomatal conductance, and plant biomass. The collective treatment of Pb and Cd induced an increase in the concentration of hydrogen peroxide (13-fold) and lipid peroxidation (16-fold) that resulted in a 61% reduction in membrane stability. The application of 10 mM K and/or 0.1 mM SA was remarkable in mitigating the adverse effect of Pb and Cd. The reduction in plant biomass was 17% when 10 mM K and 0.1 mM SA were applied together under the combined treatment of both the metals. The simultaneous application of K and SA effectively mitigated oxidative stress by enhancing the activities of superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, ascorbate peroxidase, and catalase by 12, 10, 7 and 10-folds respectively. The positive effect of K and SA on these attributes resulted in a remarkable reduction in metal accumulation and translocation and lipid peroxidation. The stressed plants supplemented with K and SA exhibited a significant improvement in the membrane stability index, chlorophyll content, and stomatal conductance. This study concluded that the combined application of K and SA could be a good approach for reducing Pb and Cd phytotoxicity in quinoa and enhancing their phytostabilization potential in the contaminated soils.
近来,铅(Pb)和镉(Cd)等土壤污染物的含量大幅增加,导致生态紊乱,威胁作物生产。为了提高作物对镉和铅胁迫的耐受力,人们采用了各种添加剂。然而,钾(K)和水杨酸(SA)的联合应用对于藜麦(Chenopodium quinoa Willd)减轻镉和铅胁迫以及植物修复的作用还没有得到很好的理解。本研究测试了 10 mM K 和 0.1 mM SA 对受到 250 μM Pb 和/或 100 μM Cd 胁迫的藜麦植株的影响。铅和镉处理分别或同时进行。铅和镉的植物毒性导致叶绿素含量、气孔导度和植物生物量急剧下降(>60%)。铅和镉的共同作用导致过氧化氢浓度增加(13 倍)和脂质过氧化(16 倍),从而导致膜稳定性降低 61%。施用 10 mM K 和/或 0.1 mM SA 能显著减轻铅和镉的不利影响。在同时处理两种金属的情况下,同时施用 10 mM K 和 0.1 mM SA 时,植物生物量减少了 17%。同时施用钾和南美蔗糖可有效缓解氧化胁迫,使超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化物酶、抗坏血酸过氧化物酶和过氧化氢酶的活性分别提高 12 倍、10 倍、7 倍和 10 倍。K 和 SA 对这些属性的积极影响导致金属积累和转移以及脂质过氧化显著减少。补充了 K 和 SA 的受胁迫植物在膜稳定性指数、叶绿素含量和气孔导度方面都有显著改善。本研究得出结论,钾和南美藜联合施用可有效降低铅和镉对藜麦的植物毒性,并增强其在污染土壤中的植物稳定潜力。
期刊介绍:
Plant Physiology and Biochemistry publishes original theoretical, experimental and technical contributions in the various fields of plant physiology (biochemistry, physiology, structure, genetics, plant-microbe interactions, etc.) at diverse levels of integration (molecular, subcellular, cellular, organ, whole plant, environmental). Opinions expressed in the journal are the sole responsibility of the authors and publication does not imply the editors'' agreement.
Manuscripts describing molecular-genetic and/or gene expression data that are not integrated with biochemical analysis and/or actual measurements of plant physiological processes are not suitable for PPB. Also "Omics" studies (transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, etc.) reporting descriptive analysis without an element of functional validation assays, will not be considered. Similarly, applied agronomic or phytochemical studies that generate no new, fundamental insights in plant physiological and/or biochemical processes are not suitable for publication in PPB.
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