Marzie Mahdizade Ari, Masoumeh Beig, Mohammad Sholeh, Majid Khoshmirsafa
{"title":"The BCG vaccine, advantages, and disadvantages of introducing new generation vaccines against <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i>.","authors":"Marzie Mahdizade Ari, Masoumeh Beig, Mohammad Sholeh, Majid Khoshmirsafa","doi":"10.7774/cevr.2024.13.3.184","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Tuberculosis (TB) is consistently ranked among the deadliest diseases worldwide, causing millions of deaths annually. <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> is the causative agent for this infection. Different antibiotics and vaccines have been discussed as potential treatments and prevention. Currently, there is only one licensed vaccine against TB, Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG). Despite its protective efficacy against TB in children, BCG has failed to protect adults against pulmonary TB, lacks therapeutic value, and can cause complications in immunocompromised individuals. In this review, BCG, the most widely administered vaccine, is discussed, and the newest vaccines available in medicine are discussed. Based on the restrictions that prevent optimal BCG efficacy and the vaccines that are now being tested in various clinical studies, some criteria need to be considered in designing future vaccines.</p>","PeriodicalId":51768,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Vaccine Research","volume":"13 3","pages":"184-201"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1000,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11319110/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Clinical and Experimental Vaccine Research","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.7774/cevr.2024.13.3.184","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2024/7/31 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"Q4","JCRName":"IMMUNOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is consistently ranked among the deadliest diseases worldwide, causing millions of deaths annually. Mycobacterium tuberculosis is the causative agent for this infection. Different antibiotics and vaccines have been discussed as potential treatments and prevention. Currently, there is only one licensed vaccine against TB, Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG). Despite its protective efficacy against TB in children, BCG has failed to protect adults against pulmonary TB, lacks therapeutic value, and can cause complications in immunocompromised individuals. In this review, BCG, the most widely administered vaccine, is discussed, and the newest vaccines available in medicine are discussed. Based on the restrictions that prevent optimal BCG efficacy and the vaccines that are now being tested in various clinical studies, some criteria need to be considered in designing future vaccines.
期刊介绍：
Clin Exp Vaccine Res, the official English journal of the Korean Vaccine Society, is an international, peer reviewed, and open-access journal. It covers all areas related to vaccines and vaccination. Clin Exp Vaccine Res publishes editorials, review articles, special articles, original articles, case reports, brief communications, and correspondences covering a wide range of clinical and experimental subjects including vaccines and vaccination for human and animals against infectious diseases caused by viruses, bacteria, parasites and tumor. The scope of the journal is to disseminate information that may contribute to elaborate vaccine development and vaccination strategies targeting infectious diseases and tumors in human and animals. Relevant topics range from experimental approaches to (pre)clinical trials for the vaccine research based on, but not limited to, basic laboratory, translational, and (pre)clinical investigations, epidemiology of infectious diseases and progression of all aspects in the health related issues. It is published printed and open accessed online issues (https://ecevr.org) two times per year in 31 January and 31 July. Clin Exp Vaccine Res is linked to many international databases and is made freely available to institutions and individuals worldwide
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