{"title":"Lactobacillus delbrueckii ameliorates Aeromonas hydrophila-induced oxidative stress, inflammation, and immunosuppression of Cyprinus carpio huanghe var NF-κB/Nrf2 signaling pathway","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpc.2024.110000","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><em>Aeromonas hydrophila</em> (<em>A. hydrophila</em>) is one of the most pathogenic disease-causing bacteria, and causes massive death of animals including fish. Thus, strategies are being sought to ameliorate the impact of <em>A. hydrophila</em>. In this study, we have evaluated the ameliorative potential of dietary <em>Lactobacillus delbrueckii</em> (<em>L. delbrueckii</em>). The fishes were divided into the control group, an <em>A. hydrophila</em> group (<em>A. hydrophila</em>), and an L. <em>delbrueckii</em> group (<em>A. hydrophila</em> + 1*10<sup>7</sup> CFU/g <em>L. delbrueckii</em>). The results showed that <em>A. hydrophila</em> increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) content. However, dietary supplementation with L. <em>delbrueckii</em> prevented oxidative damage caused by elevated levels of ROS. The toxic effects of <em>A. hydrophila</em> on superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, glutathione-S-transferase (GST), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and glutathione reductase (GR), along with the levels of glutathione (GSH), were mitigated by dietary L. <em>delbrueckii</em> (<em>P</em> < 0.05). Also, Dietary L. <em>delbrueckii</em> induced the expression of antioxidant-related genes (<em>sod</em>, <em>cat</em>, <em>gpx</em>, <em>gst</em>, NF-E2-related factor 2 (<em>nrf2</em>), Kelch-like-ECH-and associated protein 1a (<em>keap1a</em>)) in the intestine of fish (<em>P</em> < 0.05). Furthermore, <em>L. delbrueckii</em> increased <em>A. hydrophila</em>-induced lysozyme, ACP, C3, and C4 decline. The mRNA expression levels of interleukin 1β (il-1β), interleukin 8 (<em>il-8</em>), tumour necrosis factor α (<em>tnf-α</em>), and nuclear transcription factor-κB p65 (<em>nf-κb p65</em>) were significantly elevated by <em>A. hydrophila</em>. In contrast, the relative mRNA expression levels of <em>inhibitor factor κBα (iκbα)</em> in the intestine were decreased by <em>A. hydrophila</em> (<em>P</em> < 0.05). However, <em>L. delbrueckii</em> prevented <em>A. hydrophila</em>-induced the relative mRNA expression changes. These present results demonstrate that dietary L. <em>delbrueckii</em> alleviated <em>A. hydrophila</em>-induced oxidative stress, immunosuppression, inflammation, and apoptosis in common <em>Cyprinus carpio</em>.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":10602,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology C-toxicology & Pharmacology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9000,"publicationDate":"2024-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology C-toxicology & Pharmacology","FirstCategoryId":"93","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1532045624001686","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Aeromonas hydrophila (A. hydrophila) is one of the most pathogenic disease-causing bacteria, and causes massive death of animals including fish. Thus, strategies are being sought to ameliorate the impact of A. hydrophila. In this study, we have evaluated the ameliorative potential of dietary Lactobacillus delbrueckii (L. delbrueckii). The fishes were divided into the control group, an A. hydrophila group (A. hydrophila), and an L. delbrueckii group (A. hydrophila + 1*107 CFU/g L. delbrueckii). The results showed that A. hydrophila increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) content. However, dietary supplementation with L. delbrueckii prevented oxidative damage caused by elevated levels of ROS. The toxic effects of A. hydrophila on superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, glutathione-S-transferase (GST), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and glutathione reductase (GR), along with the levels of glutathione (GSH), were mitigated by dietary L. delbrueckii (P < 0.05). Also, Dietary L. delbrueckii induced the expression of antioxidant-related genes (sod, cat, gpx, gst, NF-E2-related factor 2 (nrf2), Kelch-like-ECH-and associated protein 1a (keap1a)) in the intestine of fish (P < 0.05). Furthermore, L. delbrueckii increased A. hydrophila-induced lysozyme, ACP, C3, and C4 decline. The mRNA expression levels of interleukin 1β (il-1β), interleukin 8 (il-8), tumour necrosis factor α (tnf-α), and nuclear transcription factor-κB p65 (nf-κb p65) were significantly elevated by A. hydrophila. In contrast, the relative mRNA expression levels of inhibitor factor κBα (iκbα) in the intestine were decreased by A. hydrophila (P < 0.05). However, L. delbrueckii prevented A. hydrophila-induced the relative mRNA expression changes. These present results demonstrate that dietary L. delbrueckii alleviated A. hydrophila-induced oxidative stress, immunosuppression, inflammation, and apoptosis in common Cyprinus carpio.
期刊介绍:
Part C: Toxicology and Pharmacology. This journal is concerned with chemical and drug action at different levels of organization, biotransformation of xenobiotics, mechanisms of toxicity, including reactive oxygen species and carcinogenesis, endocrine disruptors, natural products chemistry, and signal transduction with a molecular approach to these fields.