Understanding fiber quality in field-grown shaded cotton: Nitrogen fertilization implications

IF 5.6 1区 农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY Field Crops Research Pub Date : 2024-08-15 DOI:10.1016/j.fcr.2024.109543
Juan P.A. Raphael , Fábio R. Echer , Ciro A. Rosolem
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Abstract

Context

High nitrogen rates are important to field-grown cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) for recovering from stresses such as light restriction and alleviating its negative impact on yield. However, there is little information on its influence on fiber quality after shading.

Objective

The objective of this study was to examine fiber quality responses to nitrogen fertilization of shaded cotton.

Methods

Cotton plants were exposed to a 42 % reduction in global radiation for 16–25 days during early flowering, and fertilizer with different N rates in the Center-West (Primavera do Leste - PL and Chapadão do Sul - CS) and Southeast (Itapeva - IT) Brazil. Four N rates were used in PL and IT, and 3 N rates and an early (FM 906GLT) and a late-cycle (FM 983GLT) cotton cultivar were used in CS. Fiber quality from bolls taken from entire plots (nonportioned plants) and from the lower, middle, and upper thirds of the canopy (portioned plants) was assessed.

Results

The lack of interaction in most analyses indicated shading and nitrogen effects on fiber quality as independent. Shading resulted in occasional effects on micronaire, strength, length, length uniformity, and short fiber index. Micronaire of nonportioned plants decreased in response to N inputs, wherein values at the maximum N rate were lower than those at the minimum one by 5.21 % and 7.91 % in PL and IT, respectively. Increasing N rates also decreased micronaire in all canopy portions in IT and the lower third in CS but had nonconclusive effects on other fiber properties. Fiber length and strength were generally greater in the late-maturing cultivar, which had higher micronaire readings in the lower third of the canopy and lower readings in the upper canopy compared with the early cultivar.

Conclusions

In conclusion, shading during early flowering has limited and inconsistent effects on cotton fiber quality. Conversely, N fertilization leads to more predictable results, so higher N rates increase the risk of heightened immature fiber percentage.

Implications

The findings of this work provide new insights into how nitrogen fertilization management affects cotton fiber quality. Future research should consider other management techniques, such as the timing of the crop termination, to avoid the occurrence of low micronaire.

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了解田间种植的遮阳棉花的纤维质量:氮肥的影响
背景高氮率对于大田种植的棉花(Gossypium hirsutum L.)来说非常重要,它能使棉花从光照限制等胁迫中恢复过来,并减轻其对产量的负面影响。在巴西中西部(Primavera do Leste - PL 和 Chapadão do Sul - CS)和东南部(Itapeva - IT),棉花植株在初花期受到的全球辐射减少了 42%,持续 16-25 天,并施用不同氮肥。PL 和 IT 采用了四种氮肥施用率,CS 采用了三种氮肥施用率以及早熟棉花品种(FM 906GLT)和晚熟棉花品种(FM 983GLT)。对取自整个地块(非配比植株)和取自冠层下部、中部和上部三分之二(配比植株)的棉铃的纤维质量进行了评估。结果大多数分析中缺乏交互作用,表明遮光和氮对纤维质量的影响是独立的。遮光偶尔会影响马克隆值、强度、长度、长度均匀性和短纤维指数。在 PL 和 IT 中,非配比植株的马克隆值随氮投入量的增加而降低,最大氮用量下的数值比最小氮用量下的数值分别低 5.21 % 和 7.91 %。增加氮肥施用量也会降低 IT 和 CS 中冠层所有部分的微米值,但对其他纤维特性的影响不明显。与早熟栽培品种相比,晚熟栽培品种的纤维长度和强度普遍较高,冠层下三分之一部分的马克隆值较高,冠层上部的马克隆值较低。相反,氮肥施用会导致更可预测的结果,因此氮肥施用率越高,未成熟纤维比例增加的风险就越大。未来的研究应考虑其他管理技术,如作物终止的时间,以避免出现低微粉率。
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来源期刊
Field Crops Research
Field Crops Research 农林科学-农艺学
CiteScore
9.60
自引率
12.10%
发文量
307
审稿时长
46 days
期刊介绍: Field Crops Research is an international journal publishing scientific articles on: √ experimental and modelling research at field, farm and landscape levels on temperate and tropical crops and cropping systems, with a focus on crop ecology and physiology, agronomy, and plant genetics and breeding.
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