Measuring the human-dimension of outdoor recreation and its impacts on terrestrial wildlife

IF 3.6 3区 管理学 Q1 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM Journal of Outdoor Recreation and Tourism-Research Planning and Management Pub Date : 2024-08-17 DOI:10.1016/j.jort.2024.100808
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Abstract

Inclusion and measurement of the various human-dependent factors that modulate wildlife responses to non-consumptive outdoor recreational activities is crucial for improving our understanding of the complex nature by which these activities influence wildlife. A wide range of methods exist to collect this information, yet little is known about whether and how they are used to improve our understanding of the impact of outdoor recreational activity on wildlife. Here, we critically assess the methods used to measure the outdoor recreational activity in 242 studies that focused on discerning their impacts on terrestrial mammals and birds. We identified and categorised the methods used into nine classes: available records, disturbance treatments, observations, camera trapping, GPS tracking devices, traffic counters, audio recordings, questionnaires, and interviews. We found that almost half of the studies (45.5%) used more than one method. Notably, while most studies used available records (59.1%), their use has decreased, and the less commonly used methods (e.g., camera trapping and GPS tracking devices) are encouragingly becoming more prevalent. We also found that even though the diversity of methods is increasing, their use has been limited to collecting information on the intensity of the outdoor recreation, despite the capacity of many to collect additional information (e.g., the behaviour and perceptions of recreationists). This review highlights the need for future studies to expand the range of methods used to measure the outdoor recreational activity, collaborate across disciplines, and consider the broader diversity of information that can be gathered on recreationists.

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衡量户外娱乐的人文因素及其对陆地野生动物的影响
要更好地了解这些活动对野生动物产生影响的复杂性,就必须纳入并测量调节野生动物对非消耗性户外娱乐活动反应的各种人类依赖因素。收集这些信息的方法多种多样,但我们对这些方法是否以及如何用于提高我们对户外休闲活动对野生动物影响的认识却知之甚少。在此,我们对 242 项研究中用于测量户外休闲活动的方法进行了严格评估,这些研究的重点是了解户外休闲活动对陆生哺乳动物和鸟类的影响。我们将所使用的方法分为九类:现有记录、干扰处理、观察、相机诱捕、GPS 跟踪装置、交通计数器、录音、问卷调查和访谈。我们发现,几乎一半的研究(45.5%)使用了一种以上的方法。值得注意的是,虽然大多数研究使用了现有记录(59.1%),但其使用率有所下降,而不常用的方法(如相机诱捕和 GPS 跟踪装置)则越来越普遍,这一点令人鼓舞。我们还发现,尽管方法的多样性在增加,但它们的使用仅限于收集户外娱乐强度的信息,尽管许多方法有能力收集更多信息(如娱乐者的行为和看法)。本综述强调,今后的研究需要扩大用于测量户外休闲活动的方法范围,开展跨学科合作,并考虑收集更多有关休闲者的信息。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
6.70
自引率
5.30%
发文量
84
期刊介绍: Journal of Outdoor Recreation and Tourism offers a dedicated outlet for research relevant to social sciences and natural resources. The journal publishes peer reviewed original research on all aspects of outdoor recreation planning and management, covering the entire spectrum of settings from wilderness to urban outdoor recreation opportunities. It also focuses on new products and findings in nature based tourism and park management. JORT is an interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary journal, articles may focus on any aspect of theory, method, or concept of outdoor recreation research, planning or management, and interdisciplinary work is especially welcome, and may be of a theoretical and/or a case study nature. Depending on the topic of investigation, articles may be positioned within one academic discipline, or draw from several disciplines in an integrative manner, with overarching relevance to social sciences and natural resources. JORT is international in scope and attracts scholars from all reaches of the world to facilitate the exchange of ideas. As such, the journal enhances understanding of scientific knowledge, empirical results, and practitioners'' needs. Therefore in JORT each article is accompanied by an executive summary, written by the editors or authors, highlighting the planning and management relevant aspects of the article.
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