Hydrothermal Conditions Modulate the Impact of Climate Extremes on Vegetation Growth in the Northern Hemisphere

IF 6.3 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY Global Ecology and Biogeography Pub Date : 2024-08-16 DOI:10.1111/geb.13898

Zhen Xu, Duqi Liu, Lujie Zhao

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Abstract

Aim

Climate extremes are becoming more frequent under global warming, with substantial repercussions for vegetation growth. The degree to which climate extremes increase the risk of high-impact events on vegetation growth is of high concern.

Location

Northern Hemisphere (north of 30°N).

Time Period

From 2001 to 2022.

Major Taxa Studied

Plants.

Methods

We utilised solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF) and the normalised difference vegetation index (NDVI) as proxies for vegetation growth. We performed event coincidence and sensitivity analyses to attribute satellite-derived vegetation growth extremes to diverse climate extremes (extreme heat, cold, wet and drought) in the Northern Hemisphere.

Results

Our results showed that extreme heat and cold were the main climatic extremes that induced positive and negative vegetation growth extremes north of 30°N, respectively, mainly in cold and humid ecosystems (boreal and temperate forests). Water-related extreme events accounted for less than one-third of vegetation extremes. The contribution of drought to positive vegetation growth extreme events (approximately 17%), mainly in cold and humid ecosystems, was even slightly higher than that of extreme wet (approximately 12%), which predominantly impacted relatively warm and arid ecosystems (croplands and temperate grasslands). We further identified potential climatic thresholds that could reverse vegetation growth responses to climate extremes (temperature is 12.5°C and climatic water deficit is -60 mm, approximately). We also showed that the past two decades of warming and precipitation changes did not induce a shift in the main climatic drivers of vegetation extremes across northern ecosystems.

Main Conclusions

Our results emphasise the crucial role of background hydrothermal conditions in the attribution of vegetation growth extremes to diverse climate extremes across northern ecosystems and have substantial implications for predicting how Northern Hemisphere vegetation will respond to increasing climate extremes in the future.

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热液条件调节极端气候对北半球植被生长的影响

目的在全球变暖的情况下，极端气候现象越来越频繁，对植被生长产生了重大影响。方法我们利用太阳诱导的叶绿素荧光（SIF）和归一化差异植被指数（NDVI）作为植被生长的替代指标。我们进行了事件重合和敏感性分析，将卫星衍生的植被生长极端事件归因于北半球的各种极端气候（极热、极冷、潮湿和干旱）。结果我们的研究结果表明，极热和极冷是主要的极端气候，它们分别在北纬 30°以北的寒冷和潮湿生态系统（北方和温带森林）中引起了植被生长的正极端事件和负极端事件。与水有关的极端事件占植被极端事件的比例不到三分之一。干旱对植被正增长极端事件的影响（约 17%）主要发生在寒冷潮湿的生态系统中，甚至略高于极端潮湿事件（约 12%），后者主要影响相对温暖干旱的生态系统（耕地和温带草原）。我们进一步确定了可能逆转植被生长对极端气候反应的潜在气候阈值（温度约为 12.5°C，气候缺水量约为-60 毫米）。主要结论我们的研究结果强调了背景水热条件在植被极端生长对北方生态系统各种极端气候的归因中的关键作用，并对预测北半球植被在未来如何应对日益加剧的极端气候具有重要意义。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Global Ecology and Biogeography 环境科学-生态学

CiteScore

12.10

自引率

3.10%

发文量

170

审稿时长

3 months

期刊介绍： Global Ecology and Biogeography (GEB) welcomes papers that investigate broad-scale (in space, time and/or taxonomy), general patterns in the organization of ecological systems and assemblages, and the processes that underlie them. In particular, GEB welcomes studies that use macroecological methods, comparative analyses, meta-analyses, reviews, spatial analyses and modelling to arrive at general, conceptual conclusions. Studies in GEB need not be global in spatial extent, but the conclusions and implications of the study must be relevant to ecologists and biogeographers globally, rather than being limited to local areas, or specific taxa. Similarly, GEB is not limited to spatial studies; we are equally interested in the general patterns of nature through time, among taxa (e.g., body sizes, dispersal abilities), through the course of evolution, etc. Further, GEB welcomes papers that investigate general impacts of human activities on ecological systems in accordance with the above criteria.