Body composition, metabolic syndrome, and lifestyle in treatment-naïve gender-diverse youth in Israel

IF 2.7 3区医学 Q1 PEDIATRICS Pediatric Obesity Pub Date : 2024-08-18 DOI:10.1111/ijpo.13159

Ophir Borger, Anat Segev-Becker, Liat Perl, Asaf Ben Simon, Michal Yackobovitch-Gavan, Tamar Sheppes, Avivit Brener, Asaf Oren, Yael Lebenthal

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Abstract

Background

There is a scarcity of published studies evaluating transgender/gender-diverse youth before initiating gender-affirming hormones.

Aim

To study the body composition, metabolic syndrome (MetS) components and lifestyle habits in treatment-naïve transgender youth.

Methods

Cross-sectional study evaluating 153 transgender youth [median age 15.7 years, 94 transgender males] who attended The Israeli Children and Adolescents Gender Clinic between 6/2021–12/2022. Clinical, metabolic data and lifestyle habits (diet, physical activity and sleep patterns) were retrieved from the medical files. Body composition was determined by bioelectrical impedance analysis. Body mass index and muscle-to-fat ratio z-scores were calculated by sex designated at birth.

Results

Weight categories differed between genders, with a greater proportion of subjects classified as underweight among transgender females, and a greater proportion affected by overweight/obese/severe obese among transgender males (p = 0.035). The odds for MetS components were increased by 2.2 for every 1 standard deviation decrease in the muscle-to-fat ratio z-score (95%CI: 1.45 to 3.26, p < 0.001). About one-third of the cohort did not meet any of the three lifestyle recommendations. Transgender males had increased odds for MetS components by 3.49 (95%CI: 1.63 to 7.44, p = 0.001).

Conclusions

Treatment-naïve transgender-male adolescents have an imbalance between muscle and adipose tissue, which places them at increased susceptibility for MetS components even prior to hormonal treatment.

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以色列未接受治疗的不同性别青年的身体成分、代谢综合征和生活方式。

背景：目的：研究未接受治疗的变性青少年的身体组成、代谢综合征（MetS）成分和生活习惯：横断面研究评估了 2021 年 6 月至 2022 年 12 月期间在以色列儿童和青少年性别诊所就诊的 153 名变性青少年[中位年龄 15.7 岁，94 名变性男性]。临床、代谢数据和生活习惯（饮食、体育锻炼和睡眠模式）均来自医疗档案。通过生物电阻抗分析确定了身体成分。按出生时的性别计算体重指数和肌肉脂肪比 z 值：结果：不同性别的体重类别存在差异，变性女性中体重不足的比例更高，而变性男性中超重/肥胖/重度肥胖的比例更高（p = 0.035）。肌肉与脂肪比率 z 分数每下降 1 个标准差，MetS 成分的几率就会增加 2.2（95%CI：1.45 至 3.26，p 结论）：未经治疗的变性男性青少年的肌肉和脂肪组织不平衡，这使他们在接受激素治疗之前就更容易出现 MetS 症状。

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来源期刊

Pediatric Obesity PEDIATRICS-

CiteScore

7.30

自引率

5.30%

发文量

117

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： Pediatric Obesity is a peer-reviewed, monthly journal devoted to research into obesity during childhood and adolescence. The topic is currently at the centre of intense interest in the scientific community, and is of increasing concern to health policy-makers and the public at large. Pediatric Obesity has established itself as the leading journal for high quality papers in this field, including, but not limited to, the following: Genetic, molecular, biochemical and physiological aspects of obesity – basic, applied and clinical studies relating to mechanisms of the development of obesity throughout the life course and the consequent effects of obesity on health outcomes Metabolic consequences of child and adolescent obesity Epidemiological and population-based studies of child and adolescent overweight and obesity Measurement and diagnostic issues in assessing child and adolescent adiposity, physical activity and nutrition Clinical management of children and adolescents with obesity including studies of treatment and prevention Co-morbidities linked to child and adolescent obesity – mechanisms, assessment, and treatment Life-cycle factors eg familial, intrauterine and developmental aspects of child and adolescent obesity Nutrition security and the "double burden" of obesity and malnutrition Health promotion strategies around the issues of obesity, nutrition and physical activity in children and adolescents Community and public health measures to prevent overweight and obesity in children and adolescents.