A review of district energy technology with subsurface thermal storage integration

IF 2.9 2区 地球科学 Q3 ENERGY & FUELS Geothermal Energy Pub Date : 2024-08-18 DOI:10.1186/s40517-024-00308-3
Nicholas Fry, Philip Adebayo, Rick Tian, Roman Shor, Aggrey Mwesigye
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Abstract

Renewable energies, such as solar and wind, traditionally suffer from temporal incongruity. Society’s energy demand peaks occur at different times of day than the electricity generation potential of a photovoltaic panel or, often, a wind turbine. Heat demand, in particular, is subject to a significant mismatch between the availability of heat (in the summer) and the need for heat (in the winter). Thus, a future energy system design should incorporate underground thermal energy storage (UTES) to avoid this temporal mismatch and emphasize thermal applications. Such a basis of design would introduce new methods of energy arbitrage, encourage the adoption of geothermal systems, and decrease the carbon intensity of society. UTES techniques are becoming increasingly sophisticated. These methods of storage can range from simple seasonal storage for residential structures in a grouted borehole array (BTES), to aquifer thermal energy storage (ATES), deep reservoir storage (RTES) in basins, among others. The method that each of these techniques shares is the use of the earth as a storage medium. UTES can also be characterized for electricity production, but this work largely explores applications in heating and cooling, further limited in scope to sensible heat storage (SHS). Heating and cooling processes—residential, commercial, and industrial—make up large fractions of energy demand in North America. This is also true of other locales. With the increasing concerns of climate change, exacerbated by anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions, developers and municipal planners are strategizing to decarbonize building heating and cooling at district scales. This review covers the integration of UTES techniques with thermal energy network (TEN) technology across large districts. Though storage has long been in use for conventional district heating networks, designs are rapidly innovating, indicating broader applications of UTES integration with a TEN is advantageous from both an efficiency and economic perspective. This rapid innovation indicates the need for the integrated review offered in this paper.

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地下蓄热一体化区域能源技术综述
太阳能和风能等可再生能源历来存在时间不协调的问题。社会能源需求高峰出现的时间与光伏电池板或风力涡轮机的发电潜力不同。特别是热能需求,在热能供应(夏季)和热能需求(冬季)之间存在严重的不匹配。因此,未来的能源系统设计应包含地下热能储存(UTES),以避免这种时间上的不匹配,并强调热能的应用。这种设计基础将引入新的能源套利方法,鼓励采用地热系统,并降低社会的碳强度。UTES技术正变得越来越复杂。这些存储方法包括简单的灌浆钻孔阵列住宅结构季节性存储(BTES)、含水层热能存储(ATES)、盆地深层水库存储(RTES)等。这些技术的共同方法都是利用地球作为储能介质。UTES也可用于发电,但本研究主要探讨其在供热和制冷方面的应用,范围进一步局限于显热储存(SHS)。在北美,供暖和制冷过程--住宅、商业和工业--占能源需求的很大一部分。其他地区也是如此。由于人为温室气体排放加剧了对气候变化的担忧,开发商和市政规划者正在制定战略,以在区域范围内实现建筑供热和制冷的去碳化。本综述介绍了在大型区域中将UTES技术与热能网络(TEN)技术相结合的情况。尽管传统的区域供热网络早已采用了储能技术,但其设计正在迅速革新,这表明从效率和经济角度来看,将UTES与热能网络技术相结合的应用范围更广。这种快速创新表明,有必要对本文进行综合评述。
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来源期刊
Geothermal Energy
Geothermal Energy Earth and Planetary Sciences-Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology
CiteScore
5.90
自引率
7.10%
发文量
25
审稿时长
8 weeks
期刊介绍: Geothermal Energy is a peer-reviewed fully open access journal published under the SpringerOpen brand. It focuses on fundamental and applied research needed to deploy technologies for developing and integrating geothermal energy as one key element in the future energy portfolio. Contributions include geological, geophysical, and geochemical studies; exploration of geothermal fields; reservoir characterization and modeling; development of productivity-enhancing methods; and approaches to achieve robust and economic plant operation. Geothermal Energy serves to examine the interaction of individual system components while taking the whole process into account, from the development of the reservoir to the economic provision of geothermal energy.
期刊最新文献
Feasibility of coaxial deep borehole heat exchangers in southern California Controls of low injectivity caused by interaction of reservoir and clogging processes in a sedimentary geothermal aquifer (Mezőberény, Hungary) Density of pure and mixed NaCl and CaCl2 aqueous solutions at 293 K to 353 K and 0.1 MPa: an integrated comparison of analytical and numerical data Modeling unobserved geothermal structures using a physics-informed neural network with transfer learning of prior knowledge Methods of grout quality measurement in borehole exchangers for heat pumps and their rehabilitation
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