Dose-dependent dynamics of densovirus infection in two nymphalid butterfly species utilizing native or exotic host plants

IF 3.6 3区 生物学 Q1 ZOOLOGY Journal of invertebrate pathology Pub Date : 2024-08-17 DOI:10.1016/j.jip.2024.108176
Nadya D. Muchoney , Amy M. Watanabe , Mike B. Teglas , Angela M. Smilanich
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Abstract

Insects are attacked by a diverse range of microbial pathogens in the wild. In herbivorous species, larval host plants frequently play a critical role in mediating susceptibility to infection. Characterizing such plant-mediated effects on herbivore-pathogen interactions can provide insight into patterns of infection across wild populations. In this study, we investigated the effects of host plant use by two North American butterflies, Euphydryas phaeton (Nymphalidae) and Anartia jatrophae (Nymphalidae), on entomopathogen infection across a range of three doses. Both of these herbivores recently incorporated the same exotic plant, Plantago lanceolata (Plantaginaceae), into their host range and are naturally infected by the same entomopathogen, Junonia coenia densovirus (Parvoviridae), in wild populations. We performed two factorial experiments in which E. phaeton and A. jatrophae were reared on either P. lanceolata or a native host plant [Chelone glabra (Plantaginaceae) for E. phaeton; Bacopa monnieri (Plantaginaceae) for A. jatrophae] and inoculated with either a low, medium, or high dose of the virus. In E. phaeton, the outcomes of infection were highly dose-dependent, with inoculation with higher viral doses resulting in faster time to death and greater mortality. However, neither survival nor postmortem viral burdens varied depending upon the host plant that was consumed. In contrast, host plant use had a strong effect on viral burdens in A. jatrophae, with consumption of the exotic plant appearing to enhance host resistance to infection. Together, these results illustrate the variable influences of host plant use on herbivore resistance to infection, highlighting the importance of investigating plant-herbivore relationships within a tritrophic framework.

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两种利用本地或外来寄主植物的蛱蝶感染登梭病毒的剂量依赖性动态。
昆虫在野外会受到各种微生物病原体的侵袭。在食草物种中,幼虫寄主植物经常在调节感染易感性方面发挥关键作用。研究植物对食草动物与病原体之间相互作用的影响,可以深入了解野生种群的感染模式。在这项研究中,我们调查了两种北美蝴蝶--Euphydryas phaeton(蛱蝶科)和Anartia jatrophae(蛱蝶科)--在三种剂量范围内使用寄主植物对昆虫病原体感染的影响。这两种食草动物最近都将同一种外来植物--车前子(车前草科)纳入了它们的寄主范围,并在野生种群中自然感染了同一种昆虫病原体--Junonia coenia densovirus(副病毒科)。我们进行了两个因子实验,分别将辉尾虫和麻风树蛙饲养在披针叶树或本地寄主植物上(辉尾虫饲养的寄主植物是Chelone glabra(车前草科);麻风树蛙饲养的寄主植物是Bacopa monnieri(车前草科)),并接种低、中或高剂量的病毒。在 E. phaeton 中,感染结果与剂量高度相关,接种较高剂量的病毒会导致更快的死亡时间和更高的死亡率。然而,存活率和死后病毒负荷都不会因食用的寄主植物不同而变化。相反,寄主植物的使用对麻风树病毒负荷有很大影响,外来植物似乎增强了寄主对感染的抵抗力。这些结果共同说明了宿主植物的使用对食草动物抗感染能力的不同影响,突出了在三营养框架内研究植物与食草动物关系的重要性。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
6.10
自引率
5.90%
发文量
94
审稿时长
1 months
期刊介绍: The Journal of Invertebrate Pathology presents original research articles and notes on the induction and pathogenesis of diseases of invertebrates, including the suppression of diseases in beneficial species, and the use of diseases in controlling undesirable species. In addition, the journal publishes the results of physiological, morphological, genetic, immunological and ecological studies as related to the etiologic agents of diseases of invertebrates. The Journal of Invertebrate Pathology is the adopted journal of the Society for Invertebrate Pathology, and is available to SIP members at a special reduced price.
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