Journal of invertebrate pathology最新文献

英文中文

Identification a novel syntaxin-like protein from silkworm Bombyx mori pathogen Nosema bombycis and characteristics its membrane fusion function

IF 3.6 3区生物学 Q1 ZOOLOGY

Journal of invertebrate pathology

Pub Date : 2025-02-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.jip.2025.108292

Liuyi Hong , Qing Lv , Hongjie Liao , Zhengkai Xie , Maoping Shao , Yuanyu Zhang , Yuqing Chen , Guoqing Pan , Mengxian Long , Zeyang Zhou

Pebrine is a serious disease of the silkworm, Bombyx mori, caused by the first identified microsporidium Nosema bombycis, which is an obligate parasitic single-celled eukaryote. The pathogen can spread both horizontally and vertically, severely affecting sericulture. SNARE proteins mainly mediate the transport of vesicles and membrane fusion, playing a key role in the biological processes. The microsporidium is known to have a well-developed membrane system, especially the polaroplast which occupies most of the volume of mature spores. In order to explore the function of microsporidian SNARE protein, the transcription and subcellular localization characteristics of a novel Syntaxin-like protein (NbSTX-like) from N. bombycis that had a conserved t-SNARE motif were analyzed. In the different development stages of N. bombycis, the NbSTX-like expressed in the nucleus of meronts, then transited to the cytoplasm in the sporonts, gradually gathered at the two ends of the sporoblasts, and finally concentrated at the polaroplast, posterior vacuole and plasma membrane region of mature spores. Interestingly, the rNbSTX-like protein could fuse liposomes to form large vesicular and tubular structures. The formation of sporoplasms was inhibited by the anti-NbSTX-like serum, implying that NbSTX-like protein participated in sporoplasm maturation. These findings laid a foundation for studying the function of SNARE proteins in microsporidia and provided new insights for the prevention and control of sericulture pathogens.

{"title":"Identification a novel syntaxin-like protein from silkworm Bombyx mori pathogen Nosema bombycis and characteristics its membrane fusion function","authors":"Liuyi Hong , Qing Lv , Hongjie Liao , Zhengkai Xie , Maoping Shao , Yuanyu Zhang , Yuqing Chen , Guoqing Pan , Mengxian Long , Zeyang Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.jip.2025.108292","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jip.2025.108292","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pebrine is a serious disease of the silkworm, <em>Bombyx mori</em>, caused by the first identified microsporidium <em>Nosema bombycis</em>, which is an obligate parasitic single-celled eukaryote. The pathogen can spread both horizontally and vertically, severely affecting sericulture. SNARE proteins mainly mediate the transport of vesicles and membrane fusion, playing a key role in the biological processes. The microsporidium is known to have a well-developed membrane system, especially the polaroplast which occupies most of the volume of mature spores. In order to explore the function of microsporidian SNARE protein, the transcription and subcellular localization characteristics of a novel Syntaxin-like protein (NbSTX-like) from <em>N. bombycis</em> that had a conserved <em>t</em>-SNARE motif were analyzed. In the different development stages of <em>N. bombycis</em>, the NbSTX-like expressed in the nucleus of meronts, then transited to the cytoplasm in the sporonts, gradually gathered at the two ends of the sporoblasts, and finally concentrated at the polaroplast, posterior vacuole and plasma membrane region of mature spores. Interestingly, the rNbSTX-like protein could fuse liposomes to form large vesicular and tubular structures. The formation of sporoplasms was inhibited by the anti-NbSTX-like serum, implying that NbSTX-like protein participated in sporoplasm maturation. These findings laid a foundation for studying the function of SNARE proteins in microsporidia and provided new insights for the prevention and control of sericulture pathogens.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16296,"journal":{"name":"Journal of invertebrate pathology","volume":"210 ","pages":"Article 108292"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143520861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Morphological and molecular characterization of a new microsporidium, Neoflabelliforma leuchtenbergianum n. sp. from the adipose tissue of Diaphanosoma leuchtenbergianum (Crustacea: Sididae) in China

IF 3.6 3区生物学 Q1 ZOOLOGY

Journal of invertebrate pathology

Pub Date : 2025-02-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.jip.2025.108294

Chuanzheng Yang , Mei Cao , Chang Wang , Xunbo Miao , Chenxi Zhang , Rulin Chen , Jingrong Zhang , Jinyong Zhang , Meiqi Weng , Xingqiang Wang

This study describes a new microsporidian species from the adipose tissue of Diaphanosoma leuchtenbergianum collected from a eutrophic water body of Lianyungang city, Jiangsu province, China. Infected cladocerans exhibited opacity due to the accumulation of numerous spores in the adipose tissue. The earliest stages observed were uninucleate meronts which were in direct contact with the host cell cytoplasm. Multinucleate sporogonial plasmodia underwent plasmotomy to form uninucleate sporoblasts. Mature spores were ovoid, monokaryotic, and measured 4.80 ± 0.37 (4.09–5.23) µm in length and 2.64 ± 0.15 (2.34–3.01) µm in width. The polaroplast was bipartite with the tightly packed anterior lamellae and posterior tubules. The isofilar polar filament coiled in 9–10 turns and arranged in 2–3 rows. The exospore was covered with tubular projections and consisted of four layers. Phylogenetic analysis based on the SSU rDNA sequence indicated that the present species clustered with two Neoflabelliforma species (N. dubium from freshwater oligochaetes and N. aurantiae from freshwater daphnia) and an unidentified microsporidium from soil with high support values to form a solitary branch in microsporidia. Based on the morphological characteristics, ultrastructural features, and SSU rDNA-inferred phylogeny, a new species was named as Neoflabelliforma leuchtenbergianum n. sp.

{"title":"Morphological and molecular characterization of a new microsporidium, Neoflabelliforma leuchtenbergianum n. sp. from the adipose tissue of Diaphanosoma leuchtenbergianum (Crustacea: Sididae) in China","authors":"Chuanzheng Yang , Mei Cao , Chang Wang , Xunbo Miao , Chenxi Zhang , Rulin Chen , Jingrong Zhang , Jinyong Zhang , Meiqi Weng , Xingqiang Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jip.2025.108294","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jip.2025.108294","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study describes a new microsporidian species from the adipose tissue of <em>Diaphanosoma leuchtenbergianum</em> collected from a eutrophic water body of Lianyungang city, Jiangsu province, China. Infected cladocerans exhibited opacity due to the accumulation of numerous spores in the adipose tissue. The earliest stages observed were uninucleate meronts which were in direct contact with the host cell cytoplasm. Multinucleate sporogonial plasmodia underwent plasmotomy to form uninucleate sporoblasts. Mature spores were ovoid, monokaryotic, and measured 4.80 ± 0.37 (4.09–5.23) µm in length and 2.64 ± 0.15 (2.34–3.01) µm in width. The polaroplast was bipartite with the tightly packed anterior lamellae and posterior tubules. The isofilar polar filament coiled in 9–10 turns and arranged in 2–3 rows. The exospore was covered with tubular projections and consisted of four layers. Phylogenetic analysis based on the SSU rDNA sequence indicated that the present species clustered with two <em>Neoflabelliforma</em> species (<em>N. dubium</em> from freshwater oligochaetes and <em>N. aurantiae</em> from freshwater daphnia) and an unidentified microsporidium from soil with high support values to form a solitary branch in microsporidia. Based on the morphological characteristics, ultrastructural features, and SSU rDNA-inferred phylogeny, a new species was named as <em>Neoflabelliforma leuchtenbergianum</em> n. sp.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16296,"journal":{"name":"Journal of invertebrate pathology","volume":"210 ","pages":"Article 108294"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143527284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Prevalence of a microsporidian parasite in different social forms of the red imported fire ant, Solenopsis invicta, in its native range in Argentina

IF 3.6 3区生物学 Q1 ZOOLOGY

Journal of invertebrate pathology

Pub Date : 2025-02-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.jip.2025.108288

Marina S. Ascunce , Luis Calcaterra , DeWayne Shoemaker

We surveyed 559 colonies of the fire ant Solenopsis invicta in 15 sites in its native range in Argentina for the microsporidian parasite Kneallhazia solenopsae, a natural enemy of this ant. The microsporidium was detected in 20 out of 508 monogyne and nine out of 51 polygyne colonies corresponding to mean infection prevalences of 3.31% and 13.68%, respectively. In the USA, previous studies have shown that K. solenopsae prevalence in the polygyne social form is variable, and as high as 100% in certain sites, whereas infections in the monogyne social form in the USA are rare. In this study, we found that the K. solenopsae genetic variant in the USA is genetically different from the variants identified in the native range, supporting the idea that the USA variant may only infect polygyne colonies.

引用次数: 0

Characterization and functional analysis of the small heat shock protein HSP19.5 in Bombyx mori in response to Nosema bombycis infection

IF 3.6 3区生物学 Q1 ZOOLOGY

Journal of invertebrate pathology

Pub Date : 2025-02-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.jip.2025.108289

Zhenghao Han , Shidong Jiang , Jingxian Xie , Ibouanga Sama Lucreche Poupina , Xiaoli Mo , Li Sui , Ping Qian , Xudong Tang

Small heat shock proteins (sHSPs) are molecular chaperones known for their role in maintaining cellular homeostasis and protecting cells from various environmental stresses. This study focuses on the silkworm small heat shock protein HSP19.5 and its potential functions in the context of Nosema bombycis infection, a microsporidian pathogen causing severe disease in the sericulture industry. We cloned and characterized HSP19.5 and revealed its expression patterns in different silkworm tissues and developmental stages. Our results indicate that HSP19.5 expression is significantly up-regulated in response to N. bombycis infection, suggesting a role in the host stress response. Through a series of experiments, including RNA interference and overexpression analyses, we demonstrated that HSP19.5 promotes N. bombycis proliferation, possibly by inhibiting host cell apoptosis and regulating intracellular ROS levels. The cytoplasmic localization of HSP19.5 in silkworm cells is consistent with its function as a molecular chaperone. The results enhance our understanding of the complex host-pathogen interactions between silkworms and N. bombycis, and provides insights that may inform the development of novel strategies to control the pebrine disease.

{"title":"Characterization and functional analysis of the small heat shock protein HSP19.5 in Bombyx mori in response to Nosema bombycis infection","authors":"Zhenghao Han , Shidong Jiang , Jingxian Xie , Ibouanga Sama Lucreche Poupina , Xiaoli Mo , Li Sui , Ping Qian , Xudong Tang","doi":"10.1016/j.jip.2025.108289","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jip.2025.108289","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Small heat shock proteins (sHSPs) are molecular chaperones known for their role in maintaining cellular homeostasis and protecting cells from various environmental stresses. This study focuses on the silkworm small heat shock protein HSP19.5 and its potential functions in the context of <em>Nosema bombycis</em> infection, a microsporidian pathogen causing severe disease in the sericulture industry. We cloned and characterized <em>HSP19.5</em> and revealed its expression patterns in different silkworm tissues and developmental stages. Our results indicate that <em>HSP19.5</em> expression is significantly up-regulated in response to <em>N. bombycis</em> infection, suggesting a role in the host stress response. Through a series of experiments, including RNA interference and overexpression analyses, we demonstrated that HSP19.5 promotes <em>N. bombycis</em> proliferation, possibly by inhibiting host cell apoptosis and regulating intracellular ROS levels. The cytoplasmic localization of HSP19.5 in silkworm cells is consistent with its function as a molecular chaperone. The results enhance our understanding of the complex host-pathogen interactions between silkworms and <em>N. bombycis</em>, and provides insights that may inform the development of novel strategies to control the pebrine disease.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16296,"journal":{"name":"Journal of invertebrate pathology","volume":"210 ","pages":"Article 108289"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143478572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Bacillus thuringiensis-derived pesticidal proteins toxic to the whitefly, Bemisia tabaci

IF 3.6 3区生物学 Q1 ZOOLOGY

Journal of invertebrate pathology

Pub Date : 2025-02-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.jip.2025.108291

Clebson S. Tavares , Xinyue Wang , Saptarshi Ghosh, Ruchir Mishra, Bryony C. Bonning

The whitefly, Bemisia tabaci, is among the most important threats to global agriculture and food security. In addition to losses associated with feeding, B. tabaci vectors hundreds of plant viruses, many of which cause severe disease in staple food crops. The management of B. tabaci is confounded by extensive resistance to chemical insecticides. While pesticidal proteins derived from entomopathogenic bacteria such as Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) could provide for alternative management approaches, only one pesticidal protein with toxicity to B. tabaci has been identified. Here we screened 11 Bt-derived pesticidal proteins from several different structural classes against the highly invasive, Middle East-Asian Minor 1 (MEAM1) cryptic species of B. tabaci, and assessed the impact of a B. tabaci-active protein on the gut epithelial membrane by transmission electron microscopy. The pesticidal proteins were expressed in Bt or in Escherichia coli and purified for use in bioassays. The toxicity of purified proteins was first assessed by feeding adults on a single dose followed by lethal concentration (LC₅₀) determination for proteins with significant mortality relative to the buffer control. The proteins Tpp78Aa1, Tpp78Ba1, and Cry1Ca were toxic to B. tabaci with LC₅₀ values of 99, 96, and 351 µg/mL, respectively. Disruption of the brush border and severe reduction in microvilli on the gut surface caused by Tpp78Aa1 is consistent with the mode of action of Bt-derived pesticidal proteins. These proteins may provide valuable tools for the integrated management of B. tabaci populations and associated reduced incidence of B. tabaci vectored plant viral diseases.

{"title":"Bacillus thuringiensis-derived pesticidal proteins toxic to the whitefly, Bemisia tabaci","authors":"Clebson S. Tavares , Xinyue Wang , Saptarshi Ghosh, Ruchir Mishra, Bryony C. Bonning","doi":"10.1016/j.jip.2025.108291","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jip.2025.108291","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The whitefly, <em>Bemisia tabaci</em>, is among the most important threats to global agriculture and food security. In addition to losses associated with feeding, <em>B. tabaci</em> vectors hundreds of plant viruses, many of which cause severe disease in staple food crops. The management of <em>B. tabaci</em> is confounded by extensive resistance to chemical insecticides. While pesticidal proteins derived from entomopathogenic bacteria such as <em>Bacillus thuringiensis</em> (Bt) could provide for alternative management approaches, only one pesticidal protein with toxicity to <em>B. tabaci</em> has been identified. Here we screened 11 Bt-derived pesticidal proteins from several different structural classes against the highly invasive, Middle East-Asian Minor 1 (MEAM1) cryptic species of <em>B. tabaci</em>, and assessed the impact of a <em>B. tabaci</em>-active protein on the gut epithelial membrane by transmission electron microscopy. The pesticidal proteins were expressed in Bt or in <em>Escherichia coli</em> and purified for use in bioassays. The toxicity of purified proteins was first assessed by feeding adults on a single dose followed by lethal concentration (LC<sub>50</sub>) determination for proteins with significant mortality relative to the buffer control. The proteins Tpp78Aa1, Tpp78Ba1, and Cry1Ca were toxic to <em>B. tabaci</em> with LC<sub>50</sub> values of 99, 96, and 351 µg/mL, respectively. Disruption of the brush border and severe reduction in microvilli on the gut surface caused by Tpp78Aa1 is consistent with the mode of action of Bt-derived pesticidal proteins. These proteins may provide valuable tools for the integrated management of <em>B. tabaci</em> populations and associated reduced incidence of <em>B. tabaci</em> vectored plant viral diseases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16296,"journal":{"name":"Journal of invertebrate pathology","volume":"210 ","pages":"Article 108291"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143476512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Identification and detection of known and new viruses in larvae of laboratory-reared fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda

IF 3.6 3区生物学 Q1 ZOOLOGY

Journal of invertebrate pathology

Pub Date : 2025-02-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.jip.2025.108290

Leonardo A. da Silva , Brenda R. de Camargo , Andrews A.F.M.S. Fisch , Bráulio Santos , Daniel M.P. Ardisson-Araújo , Bergmann M. Ribeiro

The fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda, is a significant pest that causes economic losses worldwide. Many companies and research centers rear FAW to produce their microbiological-based products, such as viruses that target FAW. Nevertheless, colonies are vulnerable to collapsing, mainly due to uncontrolled and unexpected viral infections. In this work, dead FAWs exhibiting signs of viral infection were collected from unsuccessful attempts to propagate a baculovirus at a baculovirus production facility in Brazil. Total RNA was extracted and used to construct a cDNA library that was sequenced. The results showed the presence of five viruses, including three RNA viruses (alphanodavirus, rhabdovirus, and iflavirus) and two DNA viruses (densovirus and alphabaculovirus). To confirm the presence of the identified viruses in laboratory-reared FAWs, ten individual larvae from four accredited laboratories in Brazil were analyzed by RT-PCR with specific primers for each virus identified by sequencing, except the alphabaculovirus. Alphanodavirus and rhabdovirus were not detected in any of the four tested colonies, whereas the iflavirus was detected in two laboratories. A putative new densovirus was found in all samples. Accurate identification and timely detection of viruses that could disrupt the health of laboratory-reared insect colonies are crucial to ensure the production of high-quality biological products.

{"title":"Identification and detection of known and new viruses in larvae of laboratory-reared fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda","authors":"Leonardo A. da Silva , Brenda R. de Camargo , Andrews A.F.M.S. Fisch , Bráulio Santos , Daniel M.P. Ardisson-Araújo , Bergmann M. Ribeiro","doi":"10.1016/j.jip.2025.108290","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jip.2025.108290","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The fall armyworm (FAW), <em>Spodoptera frugiperda</em>, is a significant pest that causes economic losses worldwide. Many companies and research centers rear FAW to produce their microbiological-based products, such as viruses that target FAW. Nevertheless, colonies are vulnerable to collapsing, mainly due to uncontrolled and unexpected viral infections. In this work, dead FAWs exhibiting signs of viral infection were collected from unsuccessful attempts to propagate a baculovirus at a baculovirus production facility in Brazil. Total RNA was extracted and used to construct a cDNA library that was sequenced. The results showed the presence of five viruses, including three RNA viruses (alphanodavirus, rhabdovirus, and iflavirus) and two DNA viruses (densovirus and alphabaculovirus). To confirm the presence of the identified viruses in laboratory-reared FAWs, ten individual larvae from four accredited laboratories in Brazil were analyzed by RT-PCR with specific primers for each virus identified by sequencing, except the alphabaculovirus. Alphanodavirus and rhabdovirus were not detected in any of the four tested colonies, whereas the iflavirus was detected in two laboratories. A putative new densovirus was found in all samples. Accurate identification and timely detection of viruses that could disrupt the health of laboratory-reared insect colonies are crucial to ensure the production of high-quality biological products.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16296,"journal":{"name":"Journal of invertebrate pathology","volume":"210 ","pages":"Article 108290"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143464370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Identification of a Snf7-domain-containing protein that exhibits high affinity and synergistic activity for Cry13Aa1 toxin in Bursaphelenchus xylophilus

IF 3.6 3区生物学 Q1 ZOOLOGY

Journal of invertebrate pathology

Pub Date : 2025-02-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.jip.2025.108279

Yajie Guo , Lulu Huang , Hang Zhang , Jun Li , Yanyue Zhou , Yunzhu Sun , Mingqing Weng , Songqing Wu , Chunlan Lian

Pine wilt disease, caused by the pinewood nematode Bursaphelenchus xylophilus (Rhabditida: Aphelenchoididae), results in significant global economic and ecological impacts. Although the Cry13Aa1 toxin from Bacillus thuringiensis shows nematicidal activity, its mechanism of action against B. xylophilus remains unclear. This study aimed to identify and characterize the receptors for Cry13Aa1 in B. xylophilus. We cloned the cDNAs encoding an Snf7 domain-containing protein (BxSnf7) from B. xylophilus. Far-western blot analysis revealed a specific binding interaction between BxSnf7 and Cry13Aa1, showing a dissociation constant (K_d) of 20.8 ± 4.2 nM. Interestingly, bioassay results indicated that silencing BxSnf7 increased the susceptibility of nematodes to Cry13Aa1 at higher concentrations, although the difference was not statistically significant. Besides, the combined application of BxSnf7 with Cry13Aa1 significantly enhanced nematicidal mortality (95.9 %) after 24 h of treatment, which higher than the expected mortality (42.8 %) (χ² = 16.118, P = 0.048), indicating that the exogenous BxSnf7 synergistically enhances the activity of Cry13Aa1 toxin. These findings identify BxSnf7 as a novel Cry13Aa1 binding protein and reveal a unique mechanism by which BxSnf7 synergistically enhances the activity of Cry13Aa1. However, BxSnf7 does not function as the primary receptor, and further research is needed to investigate its role in modulating nematode susceptibility to Cry13Aa1.

{"title":"Identification of a Snf7-domain-containing protein that exhibits high affinity and synergistic activity for Cry13Aa1 toxin in Bursaphelenchus xylophilus","authors":"Yajie Guo , Lulu Huang , Hang Zhang , Jun Li , Yanyue Zhou , Yunzhu Sun , Mingqing Weng , Songqing Wu , Chunlan Lian","doi":"10.1016/j.jip.2025.108279","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jip.2025.108279","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pine wilt disease, caused by the pinewood nematode <em>Bursaphelenchus xylophilus</em> (Rhabditida: Aphelenchoididae), results in significant global economic and ecological impacts. Although the Cry13Aa1 toxin from <em>Bacillus thuringiensis</em> shows nematicidal activity, its mechanism of action against <em>B. xylophilus</em> remains unclear. This study aimed to identify and characterize the receptors for Cry13Aa1 in <em>B. xylophilus</em>. We cloned the cDNAs encoding an Snf7 domain-containing protein (<em>Bx</em>Snf7) from <em>B. xylophilus</em>. Far-western blot analysis revealed a specific binding interaction between <em>Bx</em>Snf7 and Cry13Aa1, showing a dissociation constant (<em>K</em><sub>d</sub>) of 20.8 ± 4.2 nM. Interestingly, bioassay results indicated that silencing <em>BxSnf7</em> increased the susceptibility of nematodes to Cry13Aa1 at higher concentrations, although the difference was not statistically significant. Besides, the combined application of <em>Bx</em>Snf7 with Cry13Aa1 significantly enhanced nematicidal mortality (95.9 %) after 24 h of treatment, which higher than the expected mortality (42.8 %) (χ<sup>2</sup> = 16.118, <em>P</em> = 0.048), indicating that the exogenous <em>Bx</em>Snf7 synergistically enhances the activity of Cry13Aa1 toxin. These findings identify <em>Bx</em>Snf7 as a novel Cry13Aa1 binding protein and reveal a unique mechanism by which <em>Bx</em>Snf7 synergistically enhances the activity of Cry13Aa1. However, <em>Bx</em>Snf7 does not function as the primary receptor, and further research is needed to investigate its role in modulating nematode susceptibility to Cry13Aa1.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16296,"journal":{"name":"Journal of invertebrate pathology","volume":"210 ","pages":"Article 108279"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143421737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of insect odor cues and infective juvenile age on the host-seeking behavior of Steinernema siamkayai

IF 3.6 3区生物学 Q1 ZOOLOGY

Journal of invertebrate pathology

Pub Date : 2025-02-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.jip.2025.108280

Puping Ta-oun , Toyoshi Yoshiga

Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) are soil-dwelling, insect-parasitic nematodes used in biological control. Infective juveniles (IJs), a third-stage free-living stage, are responsible for foraging and infecting suitable insect hosts, exhibiting cruising, ambushing, or intermediate foraging strategies. Steinernema siamkayai, an ambush forager, is a valuable biological control agent in Thailand, yet little is known about its behavioral response to host cues and insect odors. This study examines the olfactory responses of S. siamkayai IJs to insect odorants, including CO₂, compared to an ambusher, S. carpocapsae, and an intermediate forager, S. monticolum. Using a chemotaxis assay on agar plates, we found S. siamkayai and S. monticolum were attracted to insect odors, but attraction diminished when CO₂ was removed with soda lime, whereas S. carpocapsae showed minimal attraction. S. siamkayai and S. monticolum exhibited a stronger response to CO₂ than S. carpocapsae. Additionally, in a sand column assay assessing vertical movement, all three EPNs responded to insect odors from below, with odor response declining as IJ age increased, indicating age-related changes in host-seeking behavior. These results suggest that although S. siamkayai and S. carpocapsae are ambushers within the same phylogenetic clade, their host detection mechanisms differ.

{"title":"Effects of insect odor cues and infective juvenile age on the host-seeking behavior of Steinernema siamkayai","authors":"Puping Ta-oun , Toyoshi Yoshiga","doi":"10.1016/j.jip.2025.108280","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jip.2025.108280","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) are soil-dwelling, insect-parasitic nematodes used in biological control. Infective juveniles (IJs), a third-stage free-living stage, are responsible for foraging and infecting suitable insect hosts, exhibiting cruising, ambushing, or intermediate foraging strategies. <em>Steinernema siamkayai</em>, an ambush forager, is a valuable biological control agent in Thailand, yet little is known about its behavioral response to host cues and insect odors. This study examines the olfactory responses of <em>S. siamkayai</em> IJs to insect odorants, including CO<sub>2</sub>, compared to an ambusher, <em>S. carpocapsae</em>, and an intermediate forager, <em>S. monticolum</em>. Using a chemotaxis assay on agar plates, we found <em>S. siamkayai</em> and <em>S. monticolum</em> were attracted to insect odors, but attraction diminished when CO<sub>2</sub> was removed with soda lime, whereas <em>S. carpocapsae</em> showed minimal attraction. <em>S. siamkayai</em> and <em>S. monticolum</em> exhibited a stronger response to CO<sub>2</sub> than <em>S. carpocapsae</em>. Additionally, in a sand column assay assessing vertical movement, all three EPNs responded to insect odors from below, with odor response declining as IJ age increased, indicating age-related changes in host-seeking behavior. These results suggest that although <em>S. siamkayai</em> and <em>S. carpocapsae</em> are ambushers within the same phylogenetic clade, their host detection mechanisms differ.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16296,"journal":{"name":"Journal of invertebrate pathology","volume":"210 ","pages":"Article 108280"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143421738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Untangling a web of spider fungi: Gibellula agroflorestalis (Hypocreales, Ascomycota), a new species of spider parasite from Brazil

IF 3.6 3区生物学 Q1 ZOOLOGY

Journal of invertebrate pathology

Pub Date : 2025-02-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.jip.2025.108278

Julie Erica da Rocha Alves, Ana Carla da Silva Santos, Sheila Karine Belo Pedroso, Roger Fagner Ribeiro Melo, Patricia Vieira Tiago

Gibellula (Cordycipitaceae) includes widely distributed spider pathogenic fungi. This study describes a novel species, Gibellula agroflorestalis, recorded in agroforestry systems (AFS) and Atlantic Forest remnants in Pernambuco State, northeastern Brazil. The morphology of synnemata and conidiophores was studied, and phylogenetic analyses used SSU, LSU and TEF1 data in order to confirm the distinctiveness of the new species. The new species presents particular morphological characteristics, such as lacrimoid conidia and white synnemata. Comparison with other species in the genus revealed significant differences both in conidial and synnematal morphology. Based on Maximum Likelihood and Bayesian Inference phylogenies, G. agroflorestalis is a sister species to G. pulchra. The variations observed in the samples may be attributed to the microenvironmental conditions of AFS, which can influence phenotypic expression. This research emphasizes the importance of AFS in biodiversity conservation and in the discovery of new species.

{"title":"Untangling a web of spider fungi: Gibellula agroflorestalis (Hypocreales, Ascomycota), a new species of spider parasite from Brazil","authors":"Julie Erica da Rocha Alves, Ana Carla da Silva Santos, Sheila Karine Belo Pedroso, Roger Fagner Ribeiro Melo, Patricia Vieira Tiago","doi":"10.1016/j.jip.2025.108278","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jip.2025.108278","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Gibellula</em> (Cordycipitaceae) includes widely distributed spider pathogenic fungi. This study describes a novel species, <em>Gibellula agroflorestalis</em>, recorded in agroforestry systems (AFS) and Atlantic Forest remnants in Pernambuco State, northeastern Brazil. The morphology of synnemata and conidiophores was studied, and phylogenetic analyses used SSU, LSU and <em>TEF1</em> data in order to confirm the distinctiveness of the new species. The new species presents particular morphological characteristics, such as lacrimoid conidia and white synnemata. Comparison with other species in the genus revealed significant differences both in conidial and synnematal morphology. Based on Maximum Likelihood and Bayesian Inference phylogenies, <em>G. agroflorestalis</em> is a sister species to <em>G. pulchra</em>. The variations observed in the samples may be attributed to the microenvironmental conditions of AFS, which can influence phenotypic expression. This research emphasizes the importance of AFS in biodiversity conservation and in the discovery of new species.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16296,"journal":{"name":"Journal of invertebrate pathology","volume":"209 ","pages":"Article 108278"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143229486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Nanopore reads spanning the whole genome of arthropod-infecting large dsDNA viruses of the class Naldaviricetes enable assembly-free sequence analysis

IF 3.6 3区生物学 Q1 ZOOLOGY

Journal of invertebrate pathology

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jip.2025.108277

Jörg T. Wennmann

The nuclear arthropod-specific large DNA viruses comprise different phylogenetically related virus families (Baculoviridae, Nudiviridae, Hytrosaviridae and Nimaviridae) forming the class Naldaviricetes. One common characteristic of their large double-stranded circularly and covalently closed DNA genomes is the size of up to hundreds of kilobase pairs, encoding up to hundreds of open reading frames. Until recently, analyzing such large viral dsDNA genomes was hampered by short read sequencing techniques, requiring bioinformatic assembly strategies to construct a consensus sequence as a descriptor of a population of haplotype sequences. The ideal aim for decoding large dsDNA genomes is an assembly-free method that allows the individual gnomes of a virus population to be sequenced in individual reads without fragmentation. Such full-length genome sequencing of single genome molecules is made possible by Nanopore sequencing, which is increasingly used to decode representatives of the Naldaviricetes. The present study discusses the impact of Nanopore sequencing on the characterization of viral NALDV populations. Full-length genome reads can be found in published sequence data from Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV; family Baculoviridae) and Oryctes rhinoceros nudivirus (OrNV; family Nudiviridae) isolates, providing insight into the future of deciphering populations of members of the order Lefavirales and class Naldaviricetes. Thirty years after the first sequencing of a baculovirus in 1994, a new era of sequencing of arthropod-infecting large dsDNA viruses has begun, which will allow assembly-free analysis of entire populations of large dsDNA viruses.

{"title":"Nanopore reads spanning the whole genome of arthropod-infecting large dsDNA viruses of the class Naldaviricetes enable assembly-free sequence analysis","authors":"Jörg T. Wennmann","doi":"10.1016/j.jip.2025.108277","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jip.2025.108277","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The nuclear arthropod-specific large DNA viruses comprise different phylogenetically related virus families (<em>Baculoviridae</em>, <em>Nudiviridae</em>, <em>Hytrosaviridae</em> and <em>Nimaviridae</em>) forming the class <em>Naldaviricetes</em>. One common characteristic of their large double-stranded circularly and covalently closed DNA genomes is the size of up to hundreds of kilobase pairs, encoding up to hundreds of open reading frames. Until recently, analyzing such large viral dsDNA genomes was hampered by short read sequencing techniques, requiring bioinformatic assembly strategies to construct a consensus sequence as a descriptor of a population of haplotype sequences. The ideal aim for decoding large dsDNA genomes is an assembly-free method that allows the individual gnomes of a virus population to be sequenced in individual reads without fragmentation. Such full-length genome sequencing of single genome molecules is made possible by Nanopore sequencing, which is increasingly used to decode representatives of the <em>Naldaviricetes</em>. The present study discusses the impact of Nanopore sequencing on the characterization of viral NALDV populations. Full-length genome reads can be found in published sequence data from Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV; family <em>Baculoviridae</em>) and Oryctes rhinoceros nudivirus (OrNV; family <em>Nudiviridae</em>) isolates, providing insight into the future of deciphering populations of members of the order <em>Lefavirales</em> and class <em>Naldaviricetes</em>. Thirty years after the first sequencing of a baculovirus in 1994, a new era of sequencing of arthropod-infecting large dsDNA viruses has begun, which will allow assembly-free analysis of entire populations of large dsDNA viruses.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16296,"journal":{"name":"Journal of invertebrate pathology","volume":"209 ","pages":"Article 108277"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143122933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

下一页尾页

类型

全部化学•材料生命科学医学物理工程技术环境•农林材料科学地球科学法学管理学化学环境科学与生态学计算机科学教育学经济学农林科学人文科学生物学数学物理与天体物理心理学综合性期刊其他工业工程理学历史学农学文学信息工程

数据库

全部 ACS Publications Elsevier ieeexplore Springer The Royal Society of Chemistry Wiley

期刊

Journal of invertebrate pathology

全部 Acc. Chem. Res. ACS Applied Bio Materials ACS Appl. Electron. Mater. ACS Appl. Energy Mater. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces ACS Appl. Nano Mater. ACS Appl. Polym. Mater. ACS BIOMATER-SCI ENG ACS Catal. ACS Cent. Sci. ACS Chem. Biol. ACS Chemical Health & Safety ACS Chem. Neurosci. ACS Comb. Sci. ACS Earth Space Chem. ACS Energy Lett. ACS Infect. Dis. ACS Macro Lett. ACS Mater. Lett. ACS Med. Chem. Lett. ACS Nano ACS Omega ACS Photonics ACS Sens. ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng. ACS Synth. Biol. Anal. Chem. BIOCHEMISTRY-US Bioconjugate Chem. BIOMACROMOLECULES Chem. Res. Toxicol. Chem. Rev. Chem. Mater. CRYST GROWTH DES ENERG FUEL Environ. Sci. Technol. Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett. Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. IND ENG CHEM RES Inorg. Chem. J. Agric. Food. Chem. J. Chem. Eng. Data J. Chem. Educ. J. Chem. Inf. Model. J. Chem. Theory Comput. J. Med. Chem. J. Nat. Prod. J PROTEOME RES J. Am. Chem. Soc. LANGMUIR MACROMOLECULES Mol. Pharmaceutics Nano Lett. Org. Lett. ORG PROCESS RES DEV ORGANOMETALLICS J. Org. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. A J. Phys. Chem. B J. Phys. Chem. C J. Phys. Chem. Lett. Analyst Anal. Methods Biomater. Sci. Catal. Sci. Technol. Chem. Commun. Chem. Soc. Rev. CHEM EDUC RES PRACT CRYSTENGCOMM Dalton Trans. Energy Environ. Sci. ENVIRON SCI-NANO ENVIRON SCI-PROC IMP ENVIRON SCI-WAT RES Faraday Discuss. Food Funct. Green Chem. Inorg. Chem. Front. Integr. Biol. J. Anal. At. Spectrom. J. Mater. Chem. A J. Mater. Chem. B J. Mater. Chem. C Lab Chip Mater. Chem. Front. Mater. Horiz. MEDCHEMCOMM Metallomics Mol. Biosyst. Mol. Syst. Des. Eng. Nanoscale Nanoscale Horiz. Nat. Prod. Rep. New J. Chem. Org. Biomol. Chem. Org. Chem. Front. PHOTOCH PHOTOBIO SCI PCCP Polym. Chem.

﹀