Consuming Whey Protein with Added Essential Amino Acids, not Carbohydrate, Maintains Post-Exercise Anabolism while Underfed.

IF 4.1 2区医学 Q1 SPORT SCIENCES Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise Pub Date : 2024-08-23 DOI:10.1249/MSS.0000000000003541

Jess A Gwin, David D Church, Jillian T Allen, Marques A Wilson, Christopher T Carrigan, Nancy E Murphy, Alyssa N Varanoske, Lee M Margolis, Robert R Wolfe, Arny A Ferrando, Stefan M Pasiakos

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Abstract

Purpose: Energy deficiency decreases muscle protein synthesis (MPS), possibly due to greater whole-body essential amino acid (EAA) requirements and reliance on energy stores. Whether energy deficit-induced anabolic resistance is overcome with non-nitrogenous supplemental energy or if increased energy as EAA is needed is unclear. We tested the effects of energy as EAA or carbohydrate, combined with an EAA-enriched whey protein, on post-exercise MPS (%/h) and whole-body protein turnover (g protein/240 min).

Methods: 17 adults (mean ± SD; age: 26 ± 6 y, BMI: 25 ± 3 kg/m 2 ) completed a randomized, parallel study including two 5-d energy conditions (BAL, energy balance; DEF, -30 ± 3% energy requirements) separated by ≥7 d. Volunteers consumed EAA-enriched whey with added EAA (+EAA; 304 kcal, 56 g protein, 48 g EAA, 17 g carbohydrate, 2 g fat; n = 8) or added carbohydrate (+CHO; 311 kcal, 34 g protein, 24 g EAA, 40 g carbohydrate, 2 g fat; n = 9) following exercise. MPS and whole-body protein synthesis (PS), breakdown (PB), and net balance (NET; PS-PB) were estimated postexercise with isotope kinetics.

Results: MPS rates were greater in +EAA (0.083 ± 0.02) than +CHO (0.059 ± 0.01; P = 0.015) during DEF, but similar during BAL ( P = 0.45) and across energy conditions within treatments ( P = 0.056). PS rates were greater for +EAA (BAL, 117.9 ± 16.5; DEF, 110.3 ± 14.8) than +CHO (BAL, 81.6 ± 8.0; DEF, 83.8 ± 5.9 g protein/240 min; both P < 0.001), and greater during BAL than DEF in +EAA ( P = 0.045). PB rates were less in +EAA (8.0 ± 16.5) than +CHO (37.8 ± 7.6 g protein/240 min; P < 0.001), and NET was greater in +EAA (106.1 ± 6.3) than +CHO (44.8 ± 8.5 g protein/240 min; P < 0.001).

Conclusions: These data suggest that supplementing EAA-enriched whey protein with more energy as EAA, not carbohydrate, maintains postexercise MPS during energy deficit at rates comparable to those observed during energy balance.

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摄入添加了必需氨基酸的乳清蛋白而非碳水化合物，可在进食不足的情况下维持运动后的合成代谢。

目的：能量缺乏会降低肌肉蛋白质合成（MPS），这可能是由于对全身必需氨基酸（EAA）的需求增加以及对能量储存的依赖。至于能量不足引起的合成代谢阻力是否可以通过非氮补充能量来克服，或者是否需要增加作为 EAA 的能量，目前尚不清楚。方法：17 名成年人（平均值 ± SD；年龄：26 ± 6 岁，体重指数：25 ± 3 kg/m2）完成了一项随机平行研究，其中包括两种 5 天能量条件（BAL，能量平衡；DEF，-30 ± 3% 能量需求），两者相隔≥7 天。志愿者在运动后食用添加了 EAA 的富含 EAA 的乳清（+EAA；304 千卡，56 克蛋白质，48 克 EAA，17 克碳水化合物，2 克脂肪；n = 8）或添加了碳水化合物的乳清（+CHO；311 千卡，34 克蛋白质，24 克 EAA，40 克碳水化合物，2 克脂肪；n = 9）。利用同位素动力学估算运动后的MPS和全身蛋白质合成（PS）、分解（PB）和净平衡（NET；PS-PB）：在 DEF 期间，+EAA 的 MPS 合成率（0.083 ± 0.02）高于 +CHO 的 MPS 合成率（0.059 ± 0.01；P = 0.015），但在 BAL 期间（P = 0.45）和处理内不同能量条件下（P = 0.056）的 MPS 合成率相似。+EAA 的 PS 率（BAL，117.9 ± 16.5；DEF，110.3 ± 14.8）高于 +CHO 的 PS 率（BAL，81.6 ± 8.0；DEF，83.8 ± 5.9 克蛋白质/240 分钟；均 P <0.001），且 +EAA 的 PS 率在 BAL 期间高于 DEF 期间（P = 0.045）。+EAA 的 PB 率（8.0 ± 16.5）低于 +CHO 的 PB 率（37.8 ± 7.6 克蛋白质/240 分钟；P < 0.001），而 +EAA 的 NET 率（106.1 ± 6.3）高于 +CHO 的 NET 率（44.8 ± 8.5 克蛋白质/240 分钟；P < 0.001）：这些数据表明，补充富含 EAA 的乳清蛋白，以 EAA 而非碳水化合物的形式提供更多能量，可在能量不足时维持运动后 MPS，其速率与能量平衡时观察到的速率相当。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise 医学-运动科学

CiteScore

7.70

自引率

4.90%

发文量

2568

审稿时长

1 months

期刊介绍： Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise® features original investigations, clinical studies, and comprehensive reviews on current topics in sports medicine and exercise science. With this leading multidisciplinary journal, exercise physiologists, physiatrists, physical therapists, team physicians, and athletic trainers get a vital exchange of information from basic and applied science, medicine, education, and allied health fields.