The Clay-SRB (sulfate-reducing bacteria) system: Dissolution and fractionation of REY

IF 5.3 2区 地球科学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL Applied Clay Science Pub Date : 2024-08-19 DOI:10.1016/j.clay.2024.107534
Simiao Li , Yuntao Jing , Xiangyu Zhu , Yan Liu , Hui Henry Teng , Hongxia Du , Wanfu Zhao , Ming Ma , Junfeng Ji , Wancang Zhao
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Abstract

Rare earth elements (REYs) originate from the weathering of parent granite, whose clay-sized fractions are pivotal in the regolith-hosted rare earth elements (REEs) deposits. Regarding microbial action on REY mobilization and fractionation, their patterns remain unclear. Chemical extraction and bio-leaching experiments utilizing sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) were performed to exemplify the chemical and microbial effects on REY mobilization among the clay-sized phases. Our results indicate that the REYs occur primarily in the three fractions: i.e., amorphous FeMn phase, crystalline Fe phase, and carbonate in chemical reactors wherein the mineral phase was critical to the adsorption of REY. The 30-day SRB-leaching experiments led to an increase in the percentage of REY from 6% to 45% in the residue phase, implying that the residue phase, RAmor iron phase, and ROrg phase hosted the REYs. The disorder of iron-bearing minerals, formation of iron-organic matters (Fe-OM), and secondary iron-bearing minerals represented a significant bio-leaching mechanism. Compared to chemical extraction, relatively higher MREY and HREY release efficiencies were obtained via bio-leaching, with average LREY/HREY ratios of 1.34–5.91 and 0.2–2.24 in chemical and bio-reactors, respectively. Our findings exhibited high potential microbial effects on the mobilization and fractionation of REY among mineral phases, offering real insights into the biogeochemical processes between minerals and bacteria.

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粘土-SRB(硫酸盐还原菌)系统:REY 的溶解和分馏
稀土元素(REYs)来源于母体花岗岩的风化,而花岗岩中粘土大小的碎屑在雷公岩型稀土元素(REEs)矿床中起着关键作用。关于微生物对稀土元素移动和分馏的作用,其模式仍不清楚。我们利用硫酸盐还原菌(SRB)进行了化学萃取和生物浸出实验,以举例说明化学和微生物对稀土元素在粘土矿相中移动的影响。我们的结果表明,REY 主要存在于三个部分:即无定形铁锰相、结晶铁相和化学反应器中的碳酸盐,其中矿物相对 REY 的吸附至关重要。为期 30 天的 SRB 沥滤实验使残渣相中 REY 的比例从 6% 增加到 45%,这意味着残渣相、RAmor 铁相和 ROrg 相中含有 REY。含铁矿物的紊乱、铁有机物(Fe-OM)的形成以及次生含铁矿物的形成是一种重要的生物浸出机制。与化学萃取相比,生物浸出获得了相对较高的 MREY 和 HREY 释放效率,化学反应器和生物反应器中的平均 LREY/HREY 比率分别为 1.34-5.91 和 0.2-2.24。我们的研究结果表明,微生物对矿物相中 REY 的动员和分馏具有很高的潜在影响,为矿物与细菌之间的生物地球化学过程提供了真知灼见。
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来源期刊
Applied Clay Science
Applied Clay Science 地学-矿物学
CiteScore
10.30
自引率
10.70%
发文量
289
审稿时长
39 days
期刊介绍: Applied Clay Science aims to be an international journal attracting high quality scientific papers on clays and clay minerals, including research papers, reviews, and technical notes. The journal covers typical subjects of Fundamental and Applied Clay Science such as: • Synthesis and purification • Structural, crystallographic and mineralogical properties of clays and clay minerals • Thermal properties of clays and clay minerals • Physico-chemical properties including i) surface and interface properties; ii) thermodynamic properties; iii) mechanical properties • Interaction with water, with polar and apolar molecules • Colloidal properties and rheology • Adsorption, Intercalation, Ionic exchange • Genesis and deposits of clay minerals • Geology and geochemistry of clays • Modification of clays and clay minerals properties by thermal and physical treatments • Modification by chemical treatments with organic and inorganic molecules(organoclays, pillared clays) • Modification by biological microorganisms. etc...
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