Uso correcto de inhaladores en adultos: del conocimiento a la aplicación

Abstract

The administration of drugs via inhalation has become the primary route for treating obstructive pulmonary diseases. In this context, the efficient deposition of medication particles in the airway plays a fundamental role in the effectiveness of inhaled therapy, offering superior benefits in terms of speed and reduction of systemic effects compared to other routes of administration. It is crucial to ensure that a sufficient amount of medication reaches beyond the oropharyngeal region to guarantee therapeutic effectiveness. Among the available devices for this form of administration, pressurized metered-dose inhalers (pMDIs) and dry powder inhalers (DPIs) are the most commonly used. It is worth mentioning that nebulization devices are not covered in this review.

Although the diversity of therapeutic options is beneficial, the availability of different devices can create some complexity when instructing patients on their proper use. Consequently, it is vital for patients to precisely follow the recommended inhalation technique. Errors in device handling can lead to improper drug distribution, reducing the effective dose and compromising treatment efficacy. This review provides detailed explanations of the mechanism of action of these devices, as well as practical instructions for patient care personnel. Emphasis is placed on the importance of correct inhalation technique to maximize treatment efficacy and ensure optimal drug use.