Effect of access to natural shade on scrotal thermoregulatory capacity, integrity of the testicular parenchyma and sperm morphology of Nelore (Bos indicus) and Canchim (Bos taurus x Bos indicus) bulls

IF 3 3区地球科学 Q2 BIOPHYSICS International Journal of Biometeorology Pub Date : 2024-08-21 DOI:10.1007/s00484-024-02759-6

Narian Romanello, Andréa do Nascimento Barreto, Júlio Cesar de Carvalho Balieiro, Felipe Zandonadi Brandão, André Furugen Cesar de Andrade, Martina Zappaterra, Alexandre Rossetto Garcia

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Abstract

The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of using naturally shaded pastures on scrotal thermoregulatory capacity, testicular echotexture, and sperm morphology of Nelore (Bos indicus) and Canchim (5/8 Bos taurus x 3/8 Bos indicus) bulls in a tropical climate region. Sixty-four adult Nelore and Canchim bulls were used, equally allocated in Full Sun (FS, n = 32) or Crop-Livestock-Forestry (CLF, n = 32) pasture systems. During five consecutive climate seasons, the bulls underwent monthly breeding soundness evaluations and the biometeorological variables in the systems were continuously monitored. Microclimate was significantly different between systems. CLF system had lower BGHI than FS throughout the experimental period. No triple interaction (Season x Breed x Treatment, P > 0.05) was observed for any of the variables. Animals in CLF showed lower body temperature in Summer (FS:39.41 ± 0.05 vs. CLF:39.30 ± 0.05 °C; P = 0.005) and in Autumn (FS:39.54 ± 0.05 vs. CLF:39.35 ± 0.05 °C; P = 0.005). Access to shading did not determine differences in the evolution of scrotal biometry, temperatures, and scrotal thermal gradients (P > 0.05). Regardless of breed, animals in CLF showed greater right testicular volume (FS:247.5 ± 5.7 vs. CLF:259.0 ± 5.7 cm³; P < 0.05), more suitable parenchyma echotexture, and fewer microlithiasis spots in the Spring and Summer. Testosterone concentration was higher in FS (FS:2.6 ± 0.2 vs. CLF:2.1 ± 0.2 ng/mL; P = 0.035). Canchim bulls presented higher total sperm defects during the Autumn and Winter (P = 0.010), but the total defects levels for Canchim and Nelore bulls were in normal range for adult bulls. Thus, the natural shade in CLF system was effective in improving the microclimate of pastures and minimizing adverse environmental effects on some reproductive features of interest in beef cattle.

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自然遮荫对内洛尔（Bos indicus）和坎奇姆（Bos taurus x Bos indicus）公牛阴囊体温调节能力、睾丸实质的完整性和精子形态的影响。

本研究的目的是评估在热带气候地区使用自然遮荫的牧场对内洛尔（Bos indicus）和坎希姆（5/8 牛 x 3/8 牛）公牛阴囊体温调节能力、睾丸回声纹理和精子形态的影响。64头成年内洛尔公牛和坎希姆公牛被平均分配在全日照（FS，n = 32）或作物-畜牧-林业（CLF，n = 32）牧场系统中。在连续五个气候季节中，公牛每月接受一次繁殖健全性评估，并对系统中的生物气象变量进行持续监测。不同系统间的小气候差异显著。在整个实验期间，CLF 系统的 BGHI 均低于 FS 系统。没有观察到任何变量存在三重交互作用（季节 x 品种 x 处理，P > 0.05）。CLF中的动物在夏季（FS:39.41 ± 0.05 vs. CLF:39.30 ± 0.05 °C；P = 0.005）和秋季（FS:39.54 ± 0.05 vs. CLF:39.35 ± 0.05 °C；P = 0.005）体温较低。阴囊生物测量学、温度和阴囊热梯度的变化并不取决于遮阳条件（P > 0.05）。无论品种如何，CLF 动物的右侧睾丸体积更大（FS:247.5 ± 5.7 vs. CLF:259.0 ± 5.7 cm³；P = 0.005）。

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来源期刊

International Journal of Biometeorology 地学-环境科学

CiteScore

6.40

自引率

9.40%

发文量

183

审稿时长

1 months

期刊介绍： The Journal publishes original research papers, review articles and short communications on studies examining the interactions between living organisms and factors of the natural and artificial atmospheric environment. Living organisms extend from single cell organisms, to plants and animals, including humans. The atmospheric environment includes climate and weather, electromagnetic radiation, and chemical and biological pollutants. The journal embraces basic and applied research and practical aspects such as living conditions, agriculture, forestry, and health. The journal is published for the International Society of Biometeorology, and most membership categories include a subscription to the Journal.