Positive Emotion Dysregulation and Social Impairments in Adolescents with and without ADHD.

IF 2.9 2区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology Pub Date : 2024-08-24 DOI:10.1007/s10802-024-01237-2
Julia D McQuade, Daria Taubin, Arianna E Mordy
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Abstract

Although research suggests that emotion dysregulation may underlie adolescents' social impairments, studies have focused almost exclusively on the dysregulation of negative emotions. The present study addressed this gap in the literature by examining whether behavioral manifestations of positive emotion dysregulation are also implicated. A sample of 13-18-year-old adolescents (56.8% female) with and without a childhood diagnosis of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) was used, increasing variability in impairment profiles. Adolescents self-reported behavioral difficulties related to positive emotion dysregulation (i.e., impulse control difficulties, difficulties engaging in goal-directed behavior, and non-acceptance of positive emotions), negative emotion dysregulation, and social impairments (i.e., peer rejection, friendship quality, deviant peer affiliation, aggression, and victimization); parents rated adolescent's ADHD symptoms. Regression analyses indicated that impulse control difficulties when experiencing positive emotions uniquely predicted greater conflict in the best friend relationship, deviant peer affiliation, aggression, and victimization, even when accounting for negative emotion dysregulation and current ADHD symptoms. The significant effect of impulse control difficulties on these social impairments was consistent when accounting for oppositional defiant disorder and depression symptoms and when examining the main predictors only in adolescents with childhood or adolescent clinical elevations in ADHD symptoms. These results are the first to indicate that even for adolescents with ADHD, positive emotion dysregulation, and specifically impulse control difficulties, may significantly predict social challenges.

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有多动症和无多动症青少年的积极情绪失调与社交障碍。
尽管研究表明,情绪失调可能是青少年社交障碍的根源,但研究几乎都集中在消极情绪的失调上。本研究针对这一文献空白,探讨了积极情绪失调的行为表现是否也与此有关。本研究采用的样本为 13-18 岁的青少年(56.8% 为女性),他们在童年时曾被诊断患有或未被诊断患有注意力缺陷/多动障碍(ADHD),从而增加了损伤特征的可变性。青少年自我报告了与积极情绪失调有关的行为障碍(即冲动控制障碍、目标导向行为障碍和不接受积极情绪)、消极情绪失调和社交障碍(即同伴排斥、友谊质量、偏离同伴关系、攻击性和受害);家长对青少年的多动症症状进行了评分。回归分析表明,即使考虑到消极情绪调节障碍和当前的多动症症状,在体验积极情绪时出现的冲动控制障碍也能独特地预测出挚友关系中更大的冲突、不正常的同伴关系、攻击行为和受害行为。在考虑对立违抗障碍和抑郁症状的情况下,以及在仅对患有儿童或青少年临床多动症状的青少年的主要预测因素进行研究时,冲动控制障碍对这些社交障碍的重大影响是一致的。这些结果首次表明,即使对患有多动症的青少年来说,积极情绪失调,特别是冲动控制障碍,也能显著预测社交障碍。
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来源期刊
Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology
Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology Psychology-Developmental and Educational Psychology
CiteScore
5.00
自引率
4.00%
发文量
107
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