Evaluation of pre-harvest fungicide treatments against Alternaria rot in California mandarins and occurrence of mutations associated with fungicide resistance

IF 2.5 2区 农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY Crop Protection Pub Date : 2024-08-20 DOI:10.1016/j.cropro.2024.106910
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Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the management of Alternaria rot in citrus by evaluating the efficacy of late-season fungicide programs in reducing latent infections and fruit drop. Furthermore, the occurrence of mutations conferring resistance to QoI and SDHI fungicides within an Alternaria population isolated from citrus was investigated. In field trials, high frequencies of Alternaria infections were observed on the stem end and stylar end of Satsuma and Shiranui mandarins, with a higher prevalence of stem-end infections. Fungicide treatments applied towards the end of the season effectively reduced the frequency of latent infections on the stem end, indicating that such infections occur during this period under specific conditions. While some fungicide treatments demonstrated efficacy in reducing fruit drop caused by Alternaria rot, the results varied across different orchards and years. Latent infections on fruits persisted at high frequencies in the majority of trials, highlighting the complex nature of disease management. Mutations associated with resistance against QoI and SDHI fungicides were identified within the Alternaria population affecting California citrus. Our study suggests the potential need for fungicide sprays at the onset of the season to reduce the frequency of Alternaria infections on the stem end and stylar end of fruits. However, the observed non-correlation or low correlation between latent infections and fruit drop indicates that latent infections alone cannot reliably predict fruit drop. Our findings indicate that pre-harvest fungicide treatments have inconsistent efficacy and are cost-effective only during unpredictable disease outbreaks.

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加州柑橘收获前使用杀菌剂防治交替孢霉属腐烂病的评估以及与杀菌剂抗性相关的突变的发生情况
本研究旨在通过评估晚季杀真菌剂方案在减少潜伏感染和落果方面的效果,研究柑橘中替代菌腐烂病的防治方法。此外,研究还调查了从柑橘中分离出的 Alternaria 群体对 QoI 和 SDHI 杀菌剂产生抗性的变异情况。在田间试验中,萨摩柑橘和白柳柑橘的茎端和花柱端都出现了高频率的替代疟原虫感染,其中茎端感染率较高。在季节末期使用杀真菌剂能有效降低茎端潜伏感染的频率,这表明在特定条件下,这种感染会在这一时期发生。虽然一些杀菌剂处理对减少由 Alternaria 腐烂病引起的落果有一定效果,但不同果园和不同年份的结果各不相同。在大多数试验中,果实上的潜伏感染持续高发,凸显了病害管理的复杂性。在影响加州柑橘的 Alternaria 群体中发现了与 QoI 和 SDHI 杀菌剂抗性相关的变异。我们的研究表明,可能需要在季节开始时喷洒杀真菌剂,以减少果实茎端和花柱端感染交替孢霉的频率。不过,观察到的潜伏感染与落果之间的非相关性或低相关性表明,仅靠潜伏感染并不能可靠地预测落果。我们的研究结果表明,采收前杀菌剂处理的效果不稳定,只有在不可预测的病害爆发期间才具有成本效益。
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来源期刊
Crop Protection
Crop Protection 农林科学-农艺学
CiteScore
6.10
自引率
3.60%
发文量
200
审稿时长
29 days
期刊介绍: The Editors of Crop Protection especially welcome papers describing an interdisciplinary approach showing how different control strategies can be integrated into practical pest management programs, covering high and low input agricultural systems worldwide. Crop Protection particularly emphasizes the practical aspects of control in the field and for protected crops, and includes work which may lead in the near future to more effective control. The journal does not duplicate the many existing excellent biological science journals, which deal mainly with the more fundamental aspects of plant pathology, applied zoology and weed science. Crop Protection covers all practical aspects of pest, disease and weed control, including the following topics: -Abiotic damage- Agronomic control methods- Assessment of pest and disease damage- Molecular methods for the detection and assessment of pests and diseases- Biological control- Biorational pesticides- Control of animal pests of world crops- Control of diseases of crop plants caused by microorganisms- Control of weeds and integrated management- Economic considerations- Effects of plant growth regulators- Environmental benefits of reduced pesticide use- Environmental effects of pesticides- Epidemiology of pests and diseases in relation to control- GM Crops, and genetic engineering applications- Importance and control of postharvest crop losses- Integrated control- Interrelationships and compatibility among different control strategies- Invasive species as they relate to implications for crop protection- Pesticide application methods- Pest management- Phytobiomes for pest and disease control- Resistance management- Sampling and monitoring schemes for diseases, nematodes, pests and weeds.
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