A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study of Neuroticism and Sleep Bruxism.

Journal of dental research Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-08-26 DOI:10.1177/00220345241264749
T Strausz, S Strausz, S E Jones, T Palotie, F Lobbezoo, J Ahlberg, H M Ollila
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Abstract

Sleep bruxism (SB) affects a considerable part of the population and is associated with neuroticism, stress, and anxiety in various studies. However, the causal mechanisms between neuroticism and SB have not been examined. Understanding the reasons for SB is important as understanding bruxism may allow improved comprehensive management of the disorders and comorbidities related to it. Previous studies on the association of risk factors to SB have provided important symptomatic insight but were mainly questionnaire based or limited in sample size and could not adequately assess causal relationships. The aim of this study was to elaborate the possible causal relationship of neuroticism as a risk factor for SB through a Mendelian randomization (MR) approach by combining questionnaires, registry data, and genetic information in large scale. We performed a two-sample MR study using instrumental genetic variants of neuroticism, including neuroticism subcategories, in the UK Biobank (n = 380,506) and outcome data of probable SB using FinnGen (n [cases/controls] = 12,297/364,980). We discovered a causal effect from neuroticism to SB (odds ratio [OR] = 1.38 [1.10-1.74], P = 0.0057). A phenotype sensitive to stress and adversity had the strongest effect (OR = 1.59 [1.17-2.15], P = 0.0028). Sensitivity analyses across MR methods supported a causal relationship, and we did not observe pleiotropy between neuroticism and SB (MR-Egger intercept, P = 0.87). Our findings are in line with earlier observational studies that connect stress and SB. Furthermore, our results provide evidence that neurotic traits increase the risk of probable SB.

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神经质与睡眠磨牙症的双样本孟德尔随机研究
睡眠磨牙症(SB)影响着相当一部分人群,在多项研究中,睡眠磨牙症与神经质、压力和焦虑有关。然而,神经质与睡眠磨牙症之间的因果机制尚未得到研究。了解磨牙症的原因非常重要,因为了解了磨牙症的原因,就可以更好地对与之相关的疾病和合并症进行综合管理。以往关于磨牙症风险因素关联的研究提供了重要的症状洞察,但这些研究主要基于问卷调查或样本量有限,无法充分评估因果关系。本研究旨在通过孟德尔随机化(MR)方法,结合大规模问卷调查、登记数据和遗传信息,阐述神经质作为 SB 风险因素的可能因果关系。我们利用英国生物库(UK Biobank)中神经质的工具性遗传变异(包括神经质子类别)(n = 380,506 个)和芬兰基因(FinnGen)中可能的 SB 结果数据(n [cases/controls] = 12,297/364,980 个)进行了一项双样本 MR 研究。我们发现神经质与 SB 之间存在因果关系(几率比 [OR] = 1.38 [1.10-1.74],P = 0.0057)。对压力和逆境敏感的表型具有最强的效应(OR = 1.59 [1.17-2.15],P = 0.0028)。不同 MR 方法的敏感性分析表明了两者之间的因果关系,我们没有观察到神经质与 SB 之间的多向性(MR-Egger 截距,P = 0.87)。我们的研究结果与之前将压力与 SB 联系起来的观察性研究结果一致。此外,我们的结果还提供了神经质特质会增加可能患 SB 风险的证据。
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