The impact of bronchiectasis and its severity on long-term renal outcomes.

Abstract

While bronchiectasis is associated with adverse cardiovascular outcomes, data regarding its impact on long-term renal outcomes is lacking.We reviewed bronchiectasis patients followed up at Queen Mary Hospital in 2017 and examined their clinical/renal outcomes in the subsequent five years. The relationships between the severity of bronchiectasis as defined by FACED (FEV₁, Age, Chronic colonisation, Extension, Dyspnoea) scores and adverse renal outcomes were evaluated.A total of 315 bronchiectasis patients were included. Seventy-five patients (23.8%) showed renal progression. Baseline FACED score showed a positive correlation with renal progression over 5 years of follow-up (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.30 (95% CI 1.083-1.559, P = 0.005). Patients with moderate-to-severe bronchiectasis (FACED score ≥3) showed an increased risk of renal progression (aOR 1.833, 95% CI 1.082-3.106; P = 0.024) and more rapid decline in estimated glomerular filtration rate than those with mild disease (-4.77 ± 4.19 mL/min/1.73 m²/year vs. -3.49 ± 3.94 mL/min/1.73 m²/year; P = 0.006). Patients who developed renal progression had a higher risk of death (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 3.056, 95% CI 1.505-6.206; P = 0.002) and subsequent rates of hospitalisation (1.56 ± 2.81 episodes/year vs. 0.60 ± 1.18 episodes/year; P < 0.001) compared to those without renal progression.Progressive renal function deterioration is prevalent among bronchiectasis patients, and the severity of bronchiectasis is a robust predictor of renal progression..