Homogenization of word relationships in schizophrenia: Topological analysis of cortical semantic representations.

IF 5 3区 医学 Q1 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-08-28 DOI:10.1111/pcn.13727
Ryusuke Hayashi, Shizuo Kaji, Yukiko Matsumoto, Satoshi Nishida, Shinji Nishimoto, Hidehiko Takahashi
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Abstract

Aim: Patients with schizophrenia typically exhibit symptoms of disorganized thought and display concreteness and over-inclusion in verbal reports, depending on the level of abstraction. While concreteness and over-inclusion may appear contradictory, the underlying psychopathology that explains these symptoms remains unclear. In the current study, we used functional magnetic resonance imaging with an encoding modeling approach to examine how concepts of various words, represented as brain activity, are anomalously connected at different levels of abstraction in patients with schizophrenia.

Methods: Fourteen individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia and 17 healthy controls underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging to measure brain activity representing concepts of various words. We used a persistent homology (PH) method to analyze the topological structures of word representations in schizophrenia patients, healthy controls, and random data, across different levels of abstraction by varying dissimilarity scales in the representation space.

Results: The results revealed that patients with schizophrenia exhibited more homogeneous word relationships across different levels of abstraction compared with healthy controls. Additionally, topological structures exhibited a shift toward a random network structure in patients with schizophrenia compared with controls. The PH method successfully distinguished semantic representations of patients with schizophrenia from those of controls.

Conclusions: The current results provide an explanation for the mechanisms underlying the deficits in abstraction ability observed in schizophrenia. The isotopic connection of individual concepts reflects both the reduction of contextual connections at a semantically fine-grained scale and the absence of clear boundaries between related concepts at a coarse scale, which lead to concreteness and over-inclusion, respectively.

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精神分裂症患者词语关系的同质化:皮层语义表征的拓扑分析。
目的:精神分裂症患者通常表现出思维混乱的症状,并根据抽象程度的不同,在口头报告中表现出具体性和过度包含性。虽然具体化和过度包含似乎相互矛盾,但解释这些症状的潜在精神病理学仍不清楚。在本研究中,我们利用功能磁共振成像技术和编码建模方法,研究了在精神分裂症患者中,以大脑活动为表现形式的各种词语概念是如何在不同的抽象程度上异常地联系在一起的:14名被诊断为精神分裂症的患者和17名健康对照者接受了功能性磁共振成像检查,以测量代表各种词语概念的大脑活动。我们使用持久同源性(PH)方法分析了精神分裂症患者、健康对照组和随机数据中单词表征的拓扑结构,通过表征空间中不同的不相似性标度,分析了不同抽象水平的单词表征:结果发现,与健康对照组相比,精神分裂症患者在不同抽象程度上表现出更多的同质词关系。此外,与对照组相比,精神分裂症患者的拓扑结构向随机网络结构转变。PH法成功地区分了精神分裂症患者与对照组的语义表征:目前的研究结果为精神分裂症患者抽象能力缺陷的机制提供了解释。单个概念的同位素连接既反映了语义细粒度上上下文连接的减少,也反映了粗粒度上相关概念之间缺乏明确界限,这分别导致了具体化和过度包含。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
7.40
自引率
4.20%
发文量
181
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: PCN (Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences) Publication Frequency: Published 12 online issues a year by JSPN Content Categories: Review Articles Regular Articles Letters to the Editor Peer Review Process: All manuscripts undergo peer review by anonymous reviewers, an Editorial Board Member, and the Editor Publication Criteria: Manuscripts are accepted based on quality, originality, and significance to the readership Authors must confirm that the manuscript has not been published or submitted elsewhere and has been approved by each author
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