Aim: Current treatments for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) encounter resistance and limiting adverse events, necessitating novel therapeutic strategies. This study aimed to investigate the benefits of naproxen, a medication with effects on inflammation and neuronal function, on OCD.
Methods: One hundred and four OCD outpatients with a Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS) score of >21 were equally assigned to receive fluoxetine plus either naproxen 250 mg or matched placebo q12hr. Patients were assessed using the Y-BOCS by recording the subscale scores at baseline and weeks 5 and 10 to evaluate efficacy. They were also assessed in terms of tolerability.
Results: Data from 96 patients were analyzed. The baseline characteristics were comparable between the groups. There were significant time-treatment interaction effects on the obsession subscale ( = 0.055) and total ( = 0.043) scores of Y-BOCS. Reductions in the obsession subscale and total scores of Y-BOCS were significantly greater in the fluoxetine plus naproxen group until the endpoint (Cohen's d = 0.560 and Cohen's d = 0.477, respectively). However, the difference in compulsion subscale score changes between the groups was not significant. Respondents with a reduction of ≥35% in Y-BOCS total scores were significantly more in the fluoxetine plus naproxen group (80.0% versus 47.8%). The side effect frequencies were comparable between the groups.
Conclusion: Naproxen, adjunct to fluoxetine, outperformed adjunctive placebo in treating obsession and total symptoms of OCD patients in a safe and tolerable manner.
Clinical trial registration: The study protocol was registered and published in the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (http://www.irct.ir; registration number IRCT20090117001556N139).
目的:目前治疗强迫症(OCD)的方法存在抗药性和限制性不良反应,因此需要新的治疗策略。本研究旨在探讨萘普生这种对炎症和神经元功能有影响的药物对强迫症的益处:方法:将耶鲁-布朗强迫症量表(Y-BOCS)评分大于21分的144名强迫症门诊患者平均分配到接受氟西汀加萘普生250毫克或相匹配的安慰剂治疗,每12小时一次。 在基线和第5、10周时使用Y-BOCS对患者进行评估,记录分量表评分,以评估疗效。此外,还对患者的耐受性进行了评估:结果:分析了 96 名患者的数据。两组患者的基线特征相当。Y-BOCS的强迫分量表(η P 2 $$ {eta}_P^2 $$ = 0.055)和总分(η P 2 $$ {eta}_P^2 $$ = 0.043)存在明显的时间-治疗交互效应。直到终点,氟西汀加萘普生组强迫分量表和Y-BOCS总分的降低幅度明显更大(分别为Cohen's d = 0.560和Cohen's d = 0.477)。然而,两组间强迫量表分值的变化差异并不显著。Y-BOCS总分降低≥35%的受访者在氟西汀加萘普生组明显更多(80.0%对47.8%)。两组的副作用频率相当:临床试验注册:研究方案已在伊朗临床试验注册中心(http://www.irct.ir;注册号为 IRCT20090117001556N139)注册并公布。
{"title":"Naproxen adjunct to fluoxetine for moderate-to-severe obsessive-compulsive disorder: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.","authors":"Ahmad Shamabadi, Zahra Motavalian, Yalda Farahmand, Kimia Farahmand, Razman Arabzadeh Bahri, Sanaz Askari, Sahar Ansari, Mohammadali Fallahzadeh, Mohammdreza Shalbafan, Shahin Akhondzadeh","doi":"10.1111/pcn.13748","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pcn.13748","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>Current treatments for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) encounter resistance and limiting adverse events, necessitating novel therapeutic strategies. This study aimed to investigate the benefits of naproxen, a medication with effects on inflammation and neuronal function, on OCD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>One hundred and four OCD outpatients with a Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS) score of >21 were equally assigned to receive fluoxetine plus either naproxen 250 mg or matched placebo q12hr. Patients were assessed using the Y-BOCS by recording the subscale scores at baseline and weeks 5 and 10 to evaluate efficacy. They were also assessed in terms of tolerability.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Data from 96 patients were analyzed. The baseline characteristics were comparable between the groups. There were significant time-treatment interaction effects on the obsession subscale ( <math> <semantics> <mrow><msubsup><mi>η</mi> <mi>P</mi> <mn>2</mn></msubsup> </mrow> <annotation>$$ {eta}_P^2 $$</annotation></semantics> </math> = 0.055) and total ( <math> <semantics> <mrow><msubsup><mi>η</mi> <mi>P</mi> <mn>2</mn></msubsup> </mrow> <annotation>$$ {eta}_P^2 $$</annotation></semantics> </math> = 0.043) scores of Y-BOCS. Reductions in the obsession subscale and total scores of Y-BOCS were significantly greater in the fluoxetine plus naproxen group until the endpoint (Cohen's d = 0.560 and Cohen's d = 0.477, respectively). However, the difference in compulsion subscale score changes between the groups was not significant. Respondents with a reduction of ≥35% in Y-BOCS total scores were significantly more in the fluoxetine plus naproxen group (80.0% versus 47.8%). The side effect frequencies were comparable between the groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Naproxen, adjunct to fluoxetine, outperformed adjunctive placebo in treating obsession and total symptoms of OCD patients in a safe and tolerable manner.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial registration: </strong>The study protocol was registered and published in the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (http://www.irct.ir; registration number IRCT20090117001556N139).</p>","PeriodicalId":20938,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142361956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shakila Meshkat, Triana Juliana Tello-Gerez, Fatemeh Gholaminezhad, Benjamin T Dunkley, Amy C Reichelt, David Erritzoe, Eric Veremetten, Yanbo Zhang, Andrew Greenshaw, Lisa Burback, Olga Winkler, Rakesh Jetly, Leah M Mayo, Venkat Bhat
Psilocybin is a classic psychedelic with demonstrated preliminary clinical efficacy in a range of psychiatric disorders. Evaluating the impact of psilocybin on cognitive function is essential to unravel its potential benefits and risks. In this systematic review, we assessed psilocybin's effect on cognitive function through a comprehensive search of electronic databases from inception to January 2024, identifying 20 articles involving 2,959 participants. While 85% of studies were conducted in healthy volunteers, most of these studies (85%) used macrodoses, ranging from 45 μg/kg to 30 mg/70 kg. Various cognitive aspects were evaluated and yielded mixed results. Global cognitive function, and processing speed remained mostly unchanged in healthy individuals; However, a limited number of studies reported improvements in certain areas such as sustained attention, working memory, and executive function especially in patients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD). Emotional processing was positively modified, particularly in TRD patients. Psilocybin was observed to enhance emotional empathy without significantly altering cognitive empathy and social cognition. Cognitive flexibility and creative cognition were noted to initially decline but could potentially improve over time. Additionally, with respect to learning and memory skills, psilocybin showed promise in improving specific memory types such as semantic associations and associative learning, while its effects on episodic and verbal memory have been less pronounced compared to other cognitive enhancers. The observed mixed findings underscore the complexity of psilocybin's cognitive influence. Further research is essential to provide a clearer understanding of psilocybin's impact on cognitive domains and to guide the development of safe and effective interventions.
{"title":"Impact of psilocybin on cognitive function: A systematic review.","authors":"Shakila Meshkat, Triana Juliana Tello-Gerez, Fatemeh Gholaminezhad, Benjamin T Dunkley, Amy C Reichelt, David Erritzoe, Eric Veremetten, Yanbo Zhang, Andrew Greenshaw, Lisa Burback, Olga Winkler, Rakesh Jetly, Leah M Mayo, Venkat Bhat","doi":"10.1111/pcn.13741","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pcn.13741","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Psilocybin is a classic psychedelic with demonstrated preliminary clinical efficacy in a range of psychiatric disorders. Evaluating the impact of psilocybin on cognitive function is essential to unravel its potential benefits and risks. In this systematic review, we assessed psilocybin's effect on cognitive function through a comprehensive search of electronic databases from inception to January 2024, identifying 20 articles involving 2,959 participants. While 85% of studies were conducted in healthy volunteers, most of these studies (85%) used macrodoses, ranging from 45 μg/kg to 30 mg/70 kg. Various cognitive aspects were evaluated and yielded mixed results. Global cognitive function, and processing speed remained mostly unchanged in healthy individuals; However, a limited number of studies reported improvements in certain areas such as sustained attention, working memory, and executive function especially in patients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD). Emotional processing was positively modified, particularly in TRD patients. Psilocybin was observed to enhance emotional empathy without significantly altering cognitive empathy and social cognition. Cognitive flexibility and creative cognition were noted to initially decline but could potentially improve over time. Additionally, with respect to learning and memory skills, psilocybin showed promise in improving specific memory types such as semantic associations and associative learning, while its effects on episodic and verbal memory have been less pronounced compared to other cognitive enhancers. The observed mixed findings underscore the complexity of psilocybin's cognitive influence. Further research is essential to provide a clearer understanding of psilocybin's impact on cognitive domains and to guide the development of safe and effective interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":20938,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142361955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chien-Yu Lin, Minjae Choi, Yo Han Lee, Myung Ki, Chia-Yueh Hsu, Shu-Sen Chang
Aims: Decreases in suicide rates during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic were found in several countries, including Taiwan and South Korea. We investigated the pattern of the reduction in suicide by sex, age, method, and outbreak period in the two countries.
Methods: Suicide data for Taiwan (2015-2021) and South Korea (2017-2021) stratified by sex, age, method, and month were extracted from national mortality data files in the two countries. Negative binomial regression was used to estimate suicide rate ratios and 95% confidence intervals across outbreak and inter-outbreak periods during the pandemic, relative to that expected based on pre-pandemic trends, and their associations with economic and outbreak control stringency indicators.
Results: There were fewer-than-expected suicides in Taiwan (7%-16% fewer suicides over outbreaks and inter-outbreaks) and South Korea (17% fewer suicides in outbreaks III and IV). Fewer-than-expected suicides were found primarily in the working-age populations aged 25 to 64 years in Taiwan and those aged 45 to 64 years in South Korea. In both countries, fewer-than-expected suicides by charcoal burning during the pandemic were consistently found; the greatest reduction occurred when the outbreak control measures were most restricted. Increased time at residence was associated with decreased suicide rates in South Korea.
Conclusion: Taiwan and South Korea showed reduced suicide rates during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020-2021. Potential reasons for the decrease in suicides may include reduced access to suicide means during outbreaks in the two countries.
{"title":"Exploring possible causes of lower-than-expected suicide rates in Taiwan and South Korea during the 2020-2021 COVID-19 pandemic: a time trend analysis by sex, age, and method.","authors":"Chien-Yu Lin, Minjae Choi, Yo Han Lee, Myung Ki, Chia-Yueh Hsu, Shu-Sen Chang","doi":"10.1111/pcn.13746","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pcn.13746","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>Decreases in suicide rates during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic were found in several countries, including Taiwan and South Korea. We investigated the pattern of the reduction in suicide by sex, age, method, and outbreak period in the two countries.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Suicide data for Taiwan (2015-2021) and South Korea (2017-2021) stratified by sex, age, method, and month were extracted from national mortality data files in the two countries. Negative binomial regression was used to estimate suicide rate ratios and 95% confidence intervals across outbreak and inter-outbreak periods during the pandemic, relative to that expected based on pre-pandemic trends, and their associations with economic and outbreak control stringency indicators.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were fewer-than-expected suicides in Taiwan (7%-16% fewer suicides over outbreaks and inter-outbreaks) and South Korea (17% fewer suicides in outbreaks III and IV). Fewer-than-expected suicides were found primarily in the working-age populations aged 25 to 64 years in Taiwan and those aged 45 to 64 years in South Korea. In both countries, fewer-than-expected suicides by charcoal burning during the pandemic were consistently found; the greatest reduction occurred when the outbreak control measures were most restricted. Increased time at residence was associated with decreased suicide rates in South Korea.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Taiwan and South Korea showed reduced suicide rates during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020-2021. Potential reasons for the decrease in suicides may include reduced access to suicide means during outbreaks in the two countries.</p>","PeriodicalId":20938,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142361954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aim: Mental health issues in adolescence contribute to various disease burdens later in life and are associated with violence, crime, and suicide. Activities such as sleep, diet, exercise, and time spent using electronic devices are related to declining mental health. However, few studies have examined the association between commuting times to school and mental health. This study tested the hypothesis that high school students' long commuting times are associated with poor mental health.
Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted between October and December 2022 among 2067 students at two private high schools. Survey items included participant information (sex, grade, school), commuting time, mental health status (Patient Health Questionnaire 9 [PHQ-9]: depressive symptoms, and Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7 [GAD-7]: anxiety symptoms), lifestyle factors, and sleep-related factors.
Results: Data from 1899 high school students were analyzed. The prevalence of depressive and anxiety symptoms was 17.3% and 19.0%, respectively. A commuting time of ≥1 h was significantly associated with depressive symptoms (adjusted odds ratio: 1.60 [95% confidence interval]: 1.14-2.24) and anxiety symptoms (adjusted odds ratio: 1.51 [95% confidence interval]: 1.09-2.10). Sex, grade, use of ≥8 h/day of electronic devices, and chronotype were significantly associated with depressive symptoms, while sex, grade, use of ≥8 h/day of electronic devices, and insomnia were significantly associated with anxiety symptoms.
Conclusion: It is suggested that long commuting times are associated with poor mental health in high school students. Parents and schools should consider commuting time when advising students on school selection to maintain their mental health.
{"title":"Association between commuting and mental health among Japanese adolescents.","authors":"Suguru Nakajima, Yuichiro Otsuka, Osamu Itani, Yoshiyuki Kaneko, Masahiro Suzuki, Yoshitaka Kaneita","doi":"10.1111/pcn.13714","DOIUrl":"10.1111/pcn.13714","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>Mental health issues in adolescence contribute to various disease burdens later in life and are associated with violence, crime, and suicide. Activities such as sleep, diet, exercise, and time spent using electronic devices are related to declining mental health. However, few studies have examined the association between commuting times to school and mental health. This study tested the hypothesis that high school students' long commuting times are associated with poor mental health.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted between October and December 2022 among 2067 students at two private high schools. Survey items included participant information (sex, grade, school), commuting time, mental health status (Patient Health Questionnaire 9 [PHQ-9]: depressive symptoms, and Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7 [GAD-7]: anxiety symptoms), lifestyle factors, and sleep-related factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Data from 1899 high school students were analyzed. The prevalence of depressive and anxiety symptoms was 17.3% and 19.0%, respectively. A commuting time of ≥1 h was significantly associated with depressive symptoms (adjusted odds ratio: 1.60 [95% confidence interval]: 1.14-2.24) and anxiety symptoms (adjusted odds ratio: 1.51 [95% confidence interval]: 1.09-2.10). Sex, grade, use of ≥8 h/day of electronic devices, and chronotype were significantly associated with depressive symptoms, while sex, grade, use of ≥8 h/day of electronic devices, and insomnia were significantly associated with anxiety symptoms.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>It is suggested that long commuting times are associated with poor mental health in high school students. Parents and schools should consider commuting time when advising students on school selection to maintain their mental health.</p>","PeriodicalId":20938,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141760630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-01Epub Date: 2024-07-28DOI: 10.1111/pcn.13715
Xia Wei, Hengyi Cao, Chunyan Luo, Qiannan Zhao, Chao Xia, Ziyu Li, Zhiqin Liu, Wenjing Zhang, Qiyong Gong, Su Lui
Aim: Cerebello-cortical functional dysconnectivity plays a key role in the pathology of schizophrenia (SZ). We aimed to investigate the changes in cerebello-cortical directional connectivity in patients with SZ.
Methods: A total of 180 drug-naïve patients with first-episode SZ (54 reassessed after 1 year of treatment) and 166 healthy controls (HCs) were included. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging was used to perform Granger causal analysis, in which each of the nine cerebellar functional systems was defined as a seed. The observed effective connectivity (EC) alterations at baseline were further assessed at follow-up and were associated with changes in psychotic symptom.
Results: We observed increased bottom-up EC in first-episode SZ from the cerebellum to the cerebrum (e.g. from the cerebellar attention and cingulo-opercular systems to the bilateral angular gyri, and from the cerebellar cingulo-opercular system to the right inferior frontal gyrus). In contrast, decreased top-down EC in the first-episode SZ was mainly from the cerebrum to the cerebellum (e.g. from the right inferior temporal gyrus, left middle temporal gyrus, left putamen, and right angular gyrus to the cerebellar language system). After 1 year of antipsychotic treatment, information projections from the cerebrum to the cerebellum were partly restored and positively related to symptom remission.
Conclusion: These findings suggest that decreased top-down EC during the acute phase of SZ may be a state-dependent alteration related to symptoms and medication. However, increased bottom-up EC may reflect a persistent pathological trait.
{"title":"Altered cerebellar effective connectivity in first-episode schizophrenia and long-term changes after treatment.","authors":"Xia Wei, Hengyi Cao, Chunyan Luo, Qiannan Zhao, Chao Xia, Ziyu Li, Zhiqin Liu, Wenjing Zhang, Qiyong Gong, Su Lui","doi":"10.1111/pcn.13715","DOIUrl":"10.1111/pcn.13715","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>Cerebello-cortical functional dysconnectivity plays a key role in the pathology of schizophrenia (SZ). We aimed to investigate the changes in cerebello-cortical directional connectivity in patients with SZ.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 180 drug-naïve patients with first-episode SZ (54 reassessed after 1 year of treatment) and 166 healthy controls (HCs) were included. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging was used to perform Granger causal analysis, in which each of the nine cerebellar functional systems was defined as a seed. The observed effective connectivity (EC) alterations at baseline were further assessed at follow-up and were associated with changes in psychotic symptom.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We observed increased bottom-up EC in first-episode SZ from the cerebellum to the cerebrum (e.g. from the cerebellar attention and cingulo-opercular systems to the bilateral angular gyri, and from the cerebellar cingulo-opercular system to the right inferior frontal gyrus). In contrast, decreased top-down EC in the first-episode SZ was mainly from the cerebrum to the cerebellum (e.g. from the right inferior temporal gyrus, left middle temporal gyrus, left putamen, and right angular gyrus to the cerebellar language system). After 1 year of antipsychotic treatment, information projections from the cerebrum to the cerebellum were partly restored and positively related to symptom remission.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings suggest that decreased top-down EC during the acute phase of SZ may be a state-dependent alteration related to symptoms and medication. However, increased bottom-up EC may reflect a persistent pathological trait.</p>","PeriodicalId":20938,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141788908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aim: This study evaluated the effectiveness of high-dose vitamin D supplementation in alleviating fatigue and neuropsychiatric symptoms in post-COVID syndrome.
Methods: In an 8-week, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial, 80 patients with post-COVID fatigue or neuropsychiatric symptoms were enrolled. Participants were randomly assigned to receive either 60,000 IU of vitamin D weekly (n = 40) or a placebo (n = 40) for 8 weeks. Clinical outcomes were assessed using the 11-item Chalder Fatigue Scale (CFQ-11); 21-item Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21); Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI); Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination III (ACE); and Trail Making Test A and B (TMT-A and TMT-B). Baseline and 8-week measurements of inflammatory markers, including interleukin 6 (IL-6) and C-reactive protein (CRP), were also collected.
Results: Significant improvements were found in the vitamin D group for CFQ (coefficient -3.5, P = 0.024), DASS-anxiety (-2.0, P = 0.011), and ACE (2.1, P = 0.012). No significant differences were observed in PSQI, DASS-depression, TMT, IL-6, or CRP levels. The incidence of adverse events was comparable between groups, with no serious adverse events reported.
Conclusion: High-dose vitamin D supplementation may benefit patients with post-COVID syndrome by reducing fatigue, alleviating anxiety, and improving cognitive symptoms, with minimal side effects.
目的:本研究评估了补充大剂量维生素 D 对缓解 COVID 后综合征患者疲劳和神经精神症状的效果:在一项为期 8 周的双盲、随机、安慰剂对照试验中,80 名患有后 COVID 疲劳或神经精神症状的患者被纳入其中。参与者被随机分配到每周服用 60,000 IU 维生素 D(n = 40)或安慰剂(n = 40),为期 8 周。临床结果采用以下方法进行评估:11项查尔德疲劳量表(CFQ-11);21项抑郁、焦虑和压力量表(DASS-21);匹兹堡睡眠质量指数(PSQI);Addenbrooke认知检查III(ACE);追踪测试A和B(TMT-A和TMT-B)。此外,还收集了白细胞介素6(IL-6)和C反应蛋白(CRP)等炎症指标的基线和8周测量值:结果:维生素 D 组的 CFQ(系数-3.5,P=0.024)、DASS-焦虑(-2.0,P=0.011)和 ACE(2.1,P=0.012)均有显著改善。在 PSQI、DASS-抑郁、TMT、IL-6 或 CRP 水平方面未观察到明显差异。各组的不良反应发生率相当,无严重不良反应报告:结论:大剂量维生素 D 补充剂可减轻 COVID 后综合征患者的疲劳、缓解焦虑和改善认知症状,且副作用极小。
{"title":"Effects of an 8-week high-dose vitamin D supplementation on fatigue and neuropsychiatric manifestations in post-COVID syndrome: A randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Veevarin Charoenporn, Parunkul Tungsukruthai, Pitchapa Teacharushatakit, Sirashat Hanvivattanakul, Kusuma Sriyakul, Sophida Sukprasert, Chuntida Kamalashiran, Sucharat Tungsukruthai, Thammanard Charernboon","doi":"10.1111/pcn.13716","DOIUrl":"10.1111/pcn.13716","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study evaluated the effectiveness of high-dose vitamin D supplementation in alleviating fatigue and neuropsychiatric symptoms in post-COVID syndrome.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In an 8-week, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial, 80 patients with post-COVID fatigue or neuropsychiatric symptoms were enrolled. Participants were randomly assigned to receive either 60,000 IU of vitamin D weekly (n = 40) or a placebo (n = 40) for 8 weeks. Clinical outcomes were assessed using the 11-item Chalder Fatigue Scale (CFQ-11); 21-item Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21); Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI); Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination III (ACE); and Trail Making Test A and B (TMT-A and TMT-B). Baseline and 8-week measurements of inflammatory markers, including interleukin 6 (IL-6) and C-reactive protein (CRP), were also collected.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant improvements were found in the vitamin D group for CFQ (coefficient -3.5, P = 0.024), DASS-anxiety (-2.0, P = 0.011), and ACE (2.1, P = 0.012). No significant differences were observed in PSQI, DASS-depression, TMT, IL-6, or CRP levels. The incidence of adverse events was comparable between groups, with no serious adverse events reported.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>High-dose vitamin D supplementation may benefit patients with post-COVID syndrome by reducing fatigue, alleviating anxiety, and improving cognitive symptoms, with minimal side effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":20938,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141788909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aim: Adverse childhood experiences are potentially traumatic events with long-lasting effects on the health and well-being of patients with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). It is important to clarify which types of long-lasting autism-related symptoms are influenced by childhood experiences to design future intervention studies. However, few studies have examined the association between childhood experiences and autistic symptoms in large samples of adults with ASD and individuals with typical development (TD). In this study, we evaluate the effects of adverse childhood experiences on multiple ASD phenotypes among both individuals with ASD and those with TD.
Method: We combined questionnaire evaluations; Childhood Abuse and Trauma Scale, the Japanese version of the Autism-Spectrum Quotient, Conners' Adult ADHD Rating Scale, the Japanese version of the Impact of Event Scale-Revised, and the Japanese version of the Adolescent/Adult Sensory Profile.
Results: Individuals with ASD and those with TD (n = 205 and 104, respectively) were included. There were significant correlations between the extent of adverse childhood experiences and severity of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms, posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms, and hypersensitivity in both participants with ASD and those with TD. By contrast, ASD core symptoms showed no significant correlation with adverse childhood experiences in either group. These results remained consistent after adjusting for age, sex, and the estimated intelligence quotient.
Conclusion: These findings suggest the need for a detailed disentanglement of ASD-related core and peripheral symptoms of adverse childhood experiences, which may help to appropriately set outcomes for future early interventions for the childhood experiences of individuals with ASD.
{"title":"Adverse childhood experiences exacerbate peripheral symptoms of autism spectrum disorder in adults.","authors":"Kazuki Okumura, Tsutomu Takeda, Takashi Komori, Michihiro Toritsuka, Kazuhiko Yamamuro, Ryohei Takada, Minobu Ikehara, Kohei Kamikawa, Yuki Noriyama, Yuki Nishi, Rio Ishida, Yoshinori Kayashima, Takahira Yamauchi, Nakao Iwata, Manabu Makinodan","doi":"10.1111/pcn.13712","DOIUrl":"10.1111/pcn.13712","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>Adverse childhood experiences are potentially traumatic events with long-lasting effects on the health and well-being of patients with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). It is important to clarify which types of long-lasting autism-related symptoms are influenced by childhood experiences to design future intervention studies. However, few studies have examined the association between childhood experiences and autistic symptoms in large samples of adults with ASD and individuals with typical development (TD). In this study, we evaluate the effects of adverse childhood experiences on multiple ASD phenotypes among both individuals with ASD and those with TD.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We combined questionnaire evaluations; Childhood Abuse and Trauma Scale, the Japanese version of the Autism-Spectrum Quotient, Conners' Adult ADHD Rating Scale, the Japanese version of the Impact of Event Scale-Revised, and the Japanese version of the Adolescent/Adult Sensory Profile.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Individuals with ASD and those with TD (n = 205 and 104, respectively) were included. There were significant correlations between the extent of adverse childhood experiences and severity of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms, posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms, and hypersensitivity in both participants with ASD and those with TD. By contrast, ASD core symptoms showed no significant correlation with adverse childhood experiences in either group. These results remained consistent after adjusting for age, sex, and the estimated intelligence quotient.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings suggest the need for a detailed disentanglement of ASD-related core and peripheral symptoms of adverse childhood experiences, which may help to appropriately set outcomes for future early interventions for the childhood experiences of individuals with ASD.</p>","PeriodicalId":20938,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141734873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-01Epub Date: 2024-08-07DOI: 10.1111/pcn.13718
Jae-Min Kim, Hee-Ju Kang, Ju-Wan Kim, Hyunseok Jang, Jung-Chul Kim, Byung Jo Chun, Ju-Yeon Lee, Sung-Wan Kim, Il-Seon Shin
Aim: This study aimed to explore the relationships between serum cortisol levels, personality traits, and the development of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) over 2 years among individuals with physical injuries.
Methods: Participants were consecutively recruited from a trauma center and followed prospectively for 2 years. At baseline, serum cortisol levels were measured, and personality traits were categorized into five dimensions (Extraversion, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness, Neuroticism, and Openness), using the Big Five Inventory-10. The diagnosis of PTSD during follow-up (at 3, 6, 12, and 24 months post-injury) was determined using the Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale for DSM-5. Binary and multinomial logistic regression analyses were conducted to examine the interactions between cortisol levels, personality traits, and PTSD development.
Results: Among 923 patients analyzed, 112 (12.1%) were diagnosed with PTSD at some point during the study period, with prevalence rates decreasing from 8.8% at 3 months to 3.7% at 24 months post-injury. Direct associations between cortisol levels or personality traits and PTSD were not observed. However, a significant interaction between lower cortisol levels and higher Neuroticism in relation to PTSD risk was identified, especially during the early follow-up periods (3 to 6 months), but this association waned from the 12-month follow-up onward.
Conclusion: Our findings reveal Neuroticism-dependent associations between serum cortisol levels and PTSD development, exhibiting temporal variations. These results suggest that PTSD development may be influenced by a complex, time-sensitive interplay of biological and psychosocial factors, underscoring the importance of considering individual differences in stress reactivity and personality in PTSD research and treatment.
{"title":"Serum cortisol and neuroticism for post-traumatic stress disorder over 2 years in patients with physical injuries.","authors":"Jae-Min Kim, Hee-Ju Kang, Ju-Wan Kim, Hyunseok Jang, Jung-Chul Kim, Byung Jo Chun, Ju-Yeon Lee, Sung-Wan Kim, Il-Seon Shin","doi":"10.1111/pcn.13718","DOIUrl":"10.1111/pcn.13718","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study aimed to explore the relationships between serum cortisol levels, personality traits, and the development of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) over 2 years among individuals with physical injuries.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants were consecutively recruited from a trauma center and followed prospectively for 2 years. At baseline, serum cortisol levels were measured, and personality traits were categorized into five dimensions (Extraversion, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness, Neuroticism, and Openness), using the Big Five Inventory-10. The diagnosis of PTSD during follow-up (at 3, 6, 12, and 24 months post-injury) was determined using the Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale for DSM-5. Binary and multinomial logistic regression analyses were conducted to examine the interactions between cortisol levels, personality traits, and PTSD development.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 923 patients analyzed, 112 (12.1%) were diagnosed with PTSD at some point during the study period, with prevalence rates decreasing from 8.8% at 3 months to 3.7% at 24 months post-injury. Direct associations between cortisol levels or personality traits and PTSD were not observed. However, a significant interaction between lower cortisol levels and higher Neuroticism in relation to PTSD risk was identified, especially during the early follow-up periods (3 to 6 months), but this association waned from the 12-month follow-up onward.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings reveal Neuroticism-dependent associations between serum cortisol levels and PTSD development, exhibiting temporal variations. These results suggest that PTSD development may be influenced by a complex, time-sensitive interplay of biological and psychosocial factors, underscoring the importance of considering individual differences in stress reactivity and personality in PTSD research and treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":20938,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141898117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-01Epub Date: 2024-08-07DOI: 10.1111/pcn.13689
Jai Carmichael, Jennie Ponsford
{"title":"Worry: A key player in psychopathology after acquired brain injury?","authors":"Jai Carmichael, Jennie Ponsford","doi":"10.1111/pcn.13689","DOIUrl":"10.1111/pcn.13689","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20938,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141898118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"PCN Art Brut Series No. 41, Artwork Description.","authors":"Kenjiro Hosaka","doi":"10.1111/pcn.13754","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pcn.13754","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20938,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142366365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}